Upper Appendicular Skeleton
Pectoral Girdle
•
•
•
•
•
Composed of 2 clavicles & 2 scapulae
Open in the back between the scapulae
Sternum separates its bone in the front
Supports the upper limbs
An attachment for several muscles that move
the upper limbs
Clavicle
• Also known as- Collar Bone
• Located at the base of the neck
• Run horizontally between the
manubrium(sternum) & scapula.
• Provides attachments for muscles of the upper
limbs, chest, & back
Scapula
• Shoulder Blade
• Triangular-shaped bone
• Spine- divides the posterior surface into unequal
portions. Leads to 2 processes:
• Acromion Process- forms the tip of the shoulder.
Articulates w/ the clavicle & provides
attachments for muscles of the upper limb &
chest.
• Coracoid Process-(Corac-) curves to the clavicle.
Provides attachments for upper limb & chest
muscles
• Glenoid Cavity- located between the 2
processes. Articulates with the head of the
humerus.
Upper Limb
•
•
•
•
•
•
Humerus
Radius
Ulna
Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges
Humerus
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Extends from the scapula to the elbow
Head fits into the ???
Glenoid Cavity of the scapula
2 processes located just below the head
1. Greater Tubercle- lateral side
2. Lesser Tubercle- anterior side
Intertubercular Groove- A narrow furrow
located “between tubercles”
• Deltoid tuberosity – v-shaped, rough area
where _________ muscles attach to humerus
– This muscle raises the upper limb horizontally to
the side.
• Olecranon fossa – posterior depression that
receives an ulnar process when elbow is
straightened
• Coronoid fossa – anterior depression that
receives a radial process when elbow is bent
Radius
• Thumb side of the forearm
• Extends from the elbow to the wrist
• Disc-like “Head” at upper end of the radius
articulates w/ the humerus & a notch of the
ulna. (so your arm can rotate)
• Radial tuberosity- a process below the head,
provides attachment for biceps
• Styloid process – at distal end; attachment for
wrist ligaments
Ulna
• Longer than the radius
• Trochlear notch- proximal end; wrench like
opening that articulates with the humerus.
– Olecranon process – top process
– Coronoid process – bottom process
– Radial notch – just below trochlear notch
• Head – at distal end; articulates with ulnar notch
of radius
• Styloid process – attachment for wrist ligaments
Wrist & Hand
Wrist
• Composed of 8 carpal bones
– Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate
Mnemonic Device
• “Sports Lovers Take Pitches That They Can
Hit”
• Come up with your own mnemonic device for
the carpal bones!! Turn this in at the end of
class.
Hand
•
•
•
•
5 metacarpals (Palm of the hand)
Numbered 1-5 starting at the thumb
Bones between the wrist & the fingers
Rounded distal ends form the knuckles
•
•
•
•
Each finger except the thumb has 3 phalanges
- proximal phalanx
- middle phalanx
- distal phalanx
• Thumb lacks the a middle phalanx
Pictures
http://www.daviddarling.info/images/carpals.j
pg