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Inorganic Compounds: from minerals or nonliving source.
Organic Compounds: contain Carbon & come
from a living thing.
Carbon can combine with other elements to form
millions of compounds.
Simplest Organic Compound is CH4 (Methane)
VOCABULARY ALERT!
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Polymer: long chains of carbon molecules.
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Monomer: the building block of a polymer.
Examples: A bead necklace = Polymer
Individual Bead = Monomer
Elements:
C, H, O
Ratio of H:O is 2:1
Building Blocks:
Function:
Monosaccharides (simple
sugars like glucose)
Energy and storage molecules
Examples:
Monosaccharides – Glucose(C6H12O6)
Disaccharides – lactose (in milk), sucrose (table sugar)
Polysaccharides – starch, cellulose, glycogen
SIMPLE SUGARS
(SUCROSE)
STARCH (POTATO PLANTS
STORE SUGAR IN THE ROOTS
AS STARCH )
Elements:
C, H, O
Ratio of H:O is more than 2:1
Building Blocks:
Fatty Acids
Function:
Energy storage
Part of the Cell Membrane
Examples:
Beef Fat (C15H112O6)
Oils, Wax
OILS ARE LIQUID AT
ROOM TEMPERATURE
FATS ARE SOLID AT
ROOM TEMPERATURE
DIFFERENT KINDS OF
FATS
CELL MEMBRANE
Elements:
C, H, O, N, S
Building Blocks:
Amino Acids
Function:
Structural Molecules &
Functional Molecules
Examples:
Muscle, skin, hair, fingernails
Enzymes (speed up chemical
reactions)
FINGER AND TOE NAILS
MUSCLE CELLS
Elements:
C, H, O, N, P
Building Blocks:
Nucleotides
(a sugar, phosphate, & nitrogen base)
Function:
Stores and transmits hereditary info.
Controls cell activity
Makes proteins
Examples:
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) &
RNA (Ribonucleic Acid)