6.3 Life Substances
• Carbon has 4 spots for bonding.
• Can make rings or chains to form LARGE
molecules
elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/images/522propene.GIF
6.3 - Metabolism
• Cell metabolism is the process (or really the
sum of many ongoing individual processes) by
which living cells process nutrient molecules and
maintain a living state.
• metabolism has two distinct divisions:
– anabolism, in which a cell uses energy and reducing
power to construct complex molecules and perform
other life functions such a creating cellular structure;
and
– catabolism, in which a cell breaks down complex
molecules to yield energy and reducing power.
6.3 Life Substances
• Biomolecule – a large organic compound
– 10-1000s of C atoms.
• Polymer – a lg. molecule formed from
several sm. molecules bonding together.
Carbohydrates
Main Function- Energy
• Contain __, __, & __
• Polymer of single
sugars
• Monosaccharidesmall sugar
– Glucose
• Disaccharide – 2
sugars
– Sucrose
Carbohydrates
– Polysaccharide - Examples
Used by plants to store E
Add strength to
plant’s cell walls
“Dietary Fiber”
Used by animals to
store E in muscle
and liver
Lipids
• Functions
– Energy storage
– Forming the membranes around our cells.
– Hormones and vitamins
• Lots of ___ and ___, some ___
• Examples– Fats, oils, waxes, and steroids
Lipids
• Made up of fatty acids
and ______
FATS
OILS
biology.clc.uc.edu/Courses/bio104/lipids.htm
Proteins
• The most important!
• Contain ___, ___,
___, ____, ____
• Functions
– Provide structure for
tissues
– Carry out cell
metabolism (a.k.a
everything)
• Polymer of amino
acids(aa)
– Peptide bonds link
each aa
student.ccbcmd.edu/.../images/peptidebond.jpg
Proteins
• Enzymes- changes
the rate of a chemical rxn.
– Lock and key
Nucleic Acids
Functions
– Stores cellular info in code.
– DNA, RNA
• Polymer of
nucleotides
6.3 Life Substances
6.3 Life Substances
• Source
http://bioweb.wku.edu/courses/BIOL115/Wyatt/