Practice exam- psych unit 2
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
FAMILY LIFE:
Joe is the third oldest in a family of five children. He gets along well with his
siblings although they often ask to borrow money off him. He always gives them
money when he can, even if he really needs the money for himself. He feels very
guilty when he can’t afford to help them out.
Joe’s relationship with his father is rocky. As a child Joe’s father was aggressive at
times, although Joe can not remember this. Joe and his father often argue over
insignificant things and very rarely agree. Joe feels that his father ‘picks on him’
and for this, he shows some resentment towards his dad. However, Joe does not
admit to other people, or to himself, that he resents his dad and, when
questioned about his father, he says ‘we have a great relationship- we are best
mates.’ However, Joe and his mother are very close and they spend a lot of time
together, with Joe describing her as his ‘idol.’
PROFESSION:
Joe is highly intelligent, which earned him a job as the manager of a large
corporation where he is required to be very organised and methodical. His desk
at work is immaculate with everything in alphabetical order and neatly filed
away. His work colleagues describe him as a ‘workaholic’ and a ‘perfectionist’
but they say he is friendly and caring too. His home mirrors this with everything
being clean and orderly. Joe feels stressed when there is mess and feels that he
can not get any work done unless his home and desk are clean.
PERSONAL/SOCIAL LIFE:
Joe is a chain smoker who smokes at least 3 packets a day, as are most of his
friends. He is sociable and loves talking with his friends, who often describing
him as talking ‘too much.’ Joe describes his worst habit as ‘nail biting.’ Joe’s
friends describe him as having ‘aggressive tendencies’ although he very rarely
shows these in public. Instead of arguing with people he often holds in his anger
and transfers it to a safer target when he gets home, such as punching a wall. He
also tries to channel his aggression into more socially acceptable behaviours and
so he undertakes boxing classes and Karate.
PHYSICAL APPEARANCE
Joe is 6 feet tall and has blonde hair and a pale complexion. He has a scar just
beneath his left elbow and a small tattoo of his mothers name above his left
ankle. In regards to his body, Joe has a very small frame and is often described by
others as ‘skinny.’ Although Joe eats a lot of junk food and rarely exercises, he
does not put on weight.
HEALTH PROFILE:
Joe has recently been diagnosed with kidney stones and may soon need to
undergo surgery for this. This has made Joe very stress and worried, as he
doesn’t want to miss any days at work whilst recovering. This worry has been
keeping Joe up at night, unable to sleep and he has stopped eating regular meals.
This has caused Joe’s doctor to diagnosed him with major depressive disorder
and generalized anxiety disorder.
SELF IMAGE:
When asked to describe himself Joe says he is ‘organised, sociable, caring and
calm’- all of which he believes are ideal traits to possess. He says he rarely feels
angry or aggressive and suggests that he is different to his father in that respect,
which he believes is a good thing. Joe believes he is sociable and outgoing which
he likes as they help him in his job, as does being a workaholic, although he
doesn’t really like that he is a workaholic and suggests that it is something about
himself that he would like to change. Joe spends a lot of time worrying about
what other people think of him and often goes out of his way to try and make
other people like him. He frequently feels that his friends are talking behind his
back even when there is no evidence of this.
PERSONALITY
YOUR TASK: You’re are a Psychologist who has been asked to create a
personality profile of Joe Bloggs, using the above background information.
Please answer the following questions about Joe to create his profile:
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1. Based on this, which somatype is Joe?
a) mesomorph
b) ecotmorph
c) musclemorph
d) endomorph
2. According to Adler’s Birth Order Theory, Joe is a
a) first born
b) later born
c) last born
d) only child
3. Which drive would Freud suggest most controls Joe:
a) Aggressive Drive
b) Sex Drive
c) Oedipus Drive
d) Penis Envy
4. Which complex would Freud say Joe suffers from?
a) Oedipus Complex
b) Electra Complex
c) Penis Envy
d) None of the Above
5. According to Roger’s theory, with the personality trait ‘organised’ Joe is
a) congruent
b) incongruent
c) consistent
d) inconsistent
6. Which of the following traits does Joe exhibit and incongruent personality on
a) organized
b) caring
c) sociable
d) aggressive
7. According to Costa Mc Rae’s Big 5 Theory, Joe is
a) Extraverted and Neurotic
b) Extraverted and Emotionally Stable
c) Introverted and Neurotic
d) Introverted and Emotionally Stable
8. According to Friedman and Rosenbaum’s theory, Joe is most likely a
a) Type A personality
b) Type B personality
c) Type C personality
d) Type D personality
9. According to his personality type, Joe is most likely to suffer from
a) heart attack
b) cancer
c) a flu
d) AIDS
10. Tick whether Joe does or does not exhibit the following defense mechanisms
Exhibited
Not Exhibited
Denial
Regression
Repression
Displacement
Projection
Sublimation
Multiple Choice:
Select the best response for each question. If you select the incorrect response, cross
it out and circle the correct response. Questions with more than one answer
selected will be marked as incorrect.
1. An attitude is:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Learned
Stable
Relatively Enduring
All of the above
2. Which of the following is an example of Negative Reinforcement
a.
b.
c.
d.
Giving someone a toy for doing the right thing
Giving someone a week off chores for doing the right thing
Giving someone a smack for doing the wrong thing
Confiscating someone’s phone for doing the wrong thing
3. In Pavlov’s Dog experiment, which of the following best describes
the bell, after learning took place:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Conditioned stimulus
Unconditioned Stimulus
Neutral Stimulus
None of the above
4. In Pavlov’s dog experiment, which of the following best describes the
salivation before learning took place
a.
b.
c.
d.
Unconditioned response
Unconditioned Stimulus
Conditioned Response
Conditioned Stimulus
5. Which type of learning was studied by Bandura?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Operant Conditioning
Classical Conditioning
Hair Conditioning
Observational Learning
6. The main difference between discrimination and prejudice is:
a. Prejudice is an mental process whilst discrimination is a behaviour
b. Discrimination is a behavior whilst Prejudice is a mental process
c. Prejudice is always negative where as discrimination can be
positive or negative
d. Discrimination is always negative where as prejudice can be
positive or negative
7. Which of the following is an example of Discrimination
a.
b.
c.
d.
Thinking that all blondes are dumb
Believing that women cant drive
Feeling angry at all teachers, even if you haven’t met them
Failing all Australian students on their test and giving A’s to every
student who is non- Australian.
8. Companies often use famous people to sell their products in
Advertisements. According to the Yale Model of Persuasion, which of
the following best describes this:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Source Factor
Message Factor
Recipient Factor
Medium
9. According to the Yale Model of Persuasion factors such as mood and
interest of the person watching the advertisement can influence the
level of persuasiveness. These factors are known as:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Source Factors
Message Factors
Recipient Factors
Medium Factors
10. Which of the following is an example of pro-social behaviour?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Kicking a dog
Helping a little old lady across the street
Eating your dinner
Driving to work
11. Amber sees a gentleman wearing torn clothing laying on a park
bench. She is not sure if he is asleep or hurt/sick/injured, so she
decides not to help him in case she looks like an idiot in front of the
other people that are around. Her decision not to help can be best
defined as:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Social Influence
Cost-Benefit Analysis
Audience Inhibition
Proximity
12. The main factor influencing people not to assist in the Kitty
Genovese case was
a.
b.
c.
d.
The Bystander Effect
Conformity
Power
Obedience
13. Which of the following displays a positive incongruent attitude to
smoking?
a. I like smoking, and I do it but I think its bad for my health
b. I don’t believe smoking kills but I don’t like it and I don’t do it
anyway
c. I hate smoking, I think it smells and I avoid all smokers
d. I often smoke socially and I think it makes me look cool and I have
fun doing it.
14. Which of the following is a component of Operant conditioning
a.
b.
c.
d.
Positive Punishment
Neutral Stimulus
Attention
Retention
15. The Bystander effect suggests people are more likely to help when
they are _____________________ . One main cause of the bystander effect is
_________________________________________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Alone; diffusion of responsibility
In a Group; diffusion of responsibility
Alone; Social Norms
In a group; Social Norms
16. Which of the following is not a factor that influences conformity
a.
b.
c.
d.
Culture
Group Size
Unanimity
The Bystander Effect
17. In Operant Conditioning, shaping refers to
a. Confronting a person with a phobia with a large amount of the
feared stimulus until they no longer feel it
b. Gradually introducing a person to a feared stimulus, starting with
the least scary interaction and increasing to the most scary
interaction
c. Rewarding each behavior a person does that gets closer to the
desired response
d. All of the above
18. Teachers give detentions when students do not complete their work.
Therefore, when a teacher tells a student to complete their work,
and the student does as they are told because they are scared of
getting a detention, the type of power exhibited is:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Legitimate
Coercive
Informational
Expert
19. The Robbers cave experiment mostly studied
a.
b.
c.
d.
obedience
the bystander effect
prejudice
stereotypes
20. Which of the following is not a component of an attitude
a. Actions
b. Feelings
c. Thoughts
d. Obedience
Short Answer Section:
Answer the questions in the space provided. The number of marks allocated to each
questions are indicated in brackets.
1. Fill in the following table about the Tri-component Model of
Attitudes:
Component of Attitude
Definition
Example
Affective
I believe dogs are
vicious creatures
Your observable actions
6 marks
2. Explain the difference between Prejudice and Stereotypes
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
1 mark
3. Define Anti-Social Behaviour and give an example to support your response
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2 marks
4. Name and explain one factor that influences Pro-Social Behaviour. Use
an example to support your response.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
3 marks
5. Name and explain one type of power. Give an example to support your
response
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
3 marks
6. Fill in the following table
Theorist/ Study
Psychological Concept Studied
Zimbardo
Conformity
Obedience
Latane and Darley
Jane Elliott
5 marks
7. Susan’s aunty died of lung cancer from smoking when Susan was 17. At the
time Susan felt very angry, and decided that she wanted nothing to do with
cigarettes ever again. She got rid of her friends who smoked, quit smoking
herself, refused to go to restaurant that allowed smoking. In addition, Susan
often said she ‘hated’ all smokers, even if she didn’t know them.
Recently, Susan interviewed a potential employee for a job in her company. The
employee came into the interview smelling like smoke and so Susan instantly
decided that this person would not be given the job, regardless of how well they
interviewed.
a) What type of attitude does Susan hold towards smoking ?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2 marks
b) Name one example of discrimination in this scenario
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
1 mark
c) Define Superordinate goals and give an example of how a Psychologist
could use superordinate goals to help Susan overcome her prejudice
towards smokers.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2 marks
8. Jordan wants to teach his son Matthew how to tie his shoelaces. He decides to
use the Observational Learning method to do this. Fill in the following table to
show the names of the steps involved and what Matthew would have to do at
each step.
STEP NUMBER
ONE
STEP NAME
Attention
TWO
THREE
FOUR
EXAMPLE
Matthew must
remember how to tie his
shoelaces
Reproduction
Matthew wants to learn
how to tie his shoelaces
so that he can impress
his friends at school.
4 marks
9. Explain the difference between Graduated Desensitisation and Flooding.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
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