Messana
Every element on the
Periodic Table has it’s own
set of physical & chemical
properties, that is what
makes their “personalities”
unique!!!
Property
 Is a description of
an object
The tree
is GREEN
If struck by
lighting, the tree
could catch FIRE
(BURN)
The tree is TALL
What is a Physical Property?
 A characteristic
of an element or
substance that can
be observed or
measured
without changing
its identity or its
structure
 Use your 5
senses OR
scientific
measurements
to describe or
measure…
Physical Properties


Are determined by the use of the
.
senses
They are a
description
five
of an object.
Examples of Physical Properties
Color
Smell
Taste
Hardness
State of Matter
Boiling, Freezing, or Melting Point
Examples of Physical Properties
Density
Mass
Volume
Malleability (the ability to be molded)
Solubility (the ability to be dissolved)
What is a Physical Change?
 A change that takes
place without
changing the
identity or structure
of the element or
substance
 EXAMPLES:
 Dissolving
 Phase change
(change between
solid, liquid, or gas)
 Changing shape
Examples of Physical
Changes






Change in size, shape, or
color
Pencil shavings
Torn Paper
Crushed ice
Sugar dissolved in water
Painting a wall
VOCABULARY for INQUIRY
STATIONS:
 Solubility
 Melting Point
 Boiling Point
 Magnetism
 Conductivity
 Malleability
 Density
LET’S VISIT SOME STATIONS! 
 Directions: Please go to assigned
station and using the STATION
VOCAB please decide which
PHYSICAL PROPERTY represents the
station and complete your PHYSICAL
PROPERTY CHART & QUESTIONS!
 LET’S DO THIS LIL DARLINGS!! 
DENSITY
 Mass per volume
of a material, or
how much stuff is
packed together in
an area.
SOLUBILITY
 A measure of how
much of a
substance dissolves
in a given amount
of another
substance.
MELTING
POINT
 The temperature at
which a solid
changes to a liquid.
MAGNETISM
 A force of attraction
or repulsion that
exists between like
and unlike poles.
 The ability to be
MALLEABILITY
hammered, shaped,
or rolled into thing
sheets. Most metals
are malleable.
CONDUCTIVTY
 The ability of a
material or
substance that
allows electricity or
heat to flow through
it easily. Most metals
are good conductors.
BOILING
POINT
 The temperature
at which a liquid
changes to a gas.
SPECIFIC
HEAT
 The amount of
heat or energy
needed to raise 1
gram of a
substance by 1
degree Celsius
(1C).
What is a Chemical
Property?
 A characteristic that
gives a substance the
ability to change into a
new substance…BUT
the chemical change
has to be happening
to see the chemical
properties!
What is a Chemical Change?
 A change that results in
the production of a new
substance and cannot
be reversed.
 EXAMPLES:
 Burning
 Rusting
 Cooking
Evidence of a Chemical
Change/Reaction:
 Color changes – (color appears or
disappears)
 Temperature changes
 Gas/gas bubbles produced
 Fire/explosion
 Precipitate is formed – a solid forms
out of 2 liquids
Examples of Reactivity…
Metals Reacting to Being Burned
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d8hpUtRnsYc
Physical Vs. Chemical Foldable
 Match each word in the word in the word bank
with the correct definition…
 Then, decide whether each pair represents a
physical or chemical property and put them on
the correct side of your foldable under “Examples
of Physical Properties:” or “Examples of Chemical
Properties:”
 Hint: There are 8 Physical examples & 4
Chemical examples…CHECK BEFORE YOU
PASTE!
CHEMICAL
REACTIVITY
 The ability of a
material or
substance to
react with
another material
or substance and
form something
entirely new or
different.
TOXICITY
 The degree to
which a chemical
can harm an
organism.
FLAMMABILITY
 The ability of a
material or
substance to burn
or start on fire
easily.
REACTIVITY
WITH OXYGEN
 The ability of a
material or
substance (usually
metals) to react with
oxygen and cause
them to rust, tarnish,
or combust, spark or
create a flame or
light.
Property or Change?
 THINK, GROUP, SHARE…
Explain the difference between a
property and a change.
Physical or Chemical?
 THINK, GROUP, SHARE…
 Explain how you know the difference
between a physical change and
chemical change?
 What were those 5 helpful hints that I
gave you to identify a chemical change?
What were the 5 Things that
give you a hint that a chemical
change/reaction has occurred?
 Color changes – (color appears or disappears)
 Temperature changes
 Gas/gas bubbles produced
 Fire/explosion/flame/light produced
 Precipitate is formed – a solid forms out of 2
liquids
Labs to Examine Chemical
Changes
Mini Lab 1:
Make your prediction based on
the items you see the teacher
has…
Watch closely…keep watching!
Write your observations
What was your “hint” that a
chemical change occurred?
FRIENDLY REMINDERS!!
**Anyone sensitive to strong odors? Let me know if any of
the odors are bothering you at any point during the labs
today!
**Absolutely none of the lab chemicals should come in
contact with your mouth, eyes, or be breathed deeply!!
 GROUP 1 = SINK 1
 GROUP 2 = SINK 2
 GROUP 3 = SINK 3 ETC…
 GROUP 7 & 8 = SHARE A SINK
 USE YOUR PLASTIC BIN TO CATCH ANY SPILLS, FOR EXAMPLE
WHEN YOU POUR VINEGAR INTO YOUR GRADUATED CYLINDER
DO IT OVER THE BIN!
Group Roles
Leader: Reads the directions for each lab, keeps
group on task and following directions
Materials/Clean Up: collects, returns, cleans and
disposes of materials
Data Discussion Leader: Ensures there is a
conversation about each data table to share
information.
Quality Management: Ensures every student has
detailed quality answers written in complete
sentences using scientific language & turns their lab
guide in!
Mini Lab 2:
 Send your materials person to get a cup of
milk and a cup of vinegar, and a stir stick
 Pour the milk into the vinegar and stir it
like you mean it!
 Observe and record any changes that occur
at this time.
 Let this one sit on your table to see if there
is any change by the time class ends.
Mini Lab 3:
 Send your materials person up to pick up a
ziploc bag with baking soda in it for each group
 Use the graduated cylinder to measure about
30 mL of vinegar
 Add the 30 mL of vinegar to the baking soda in
the bag and SEAL THE BAG IMMEDIATELY
 Observe and record any changes that occur.
 Rinse your GRADUATED CYLINDER and throw
away the ziplock bag ONCE YOU HAVE
DUMPED THE CONTENTS DOWN THE DRAIN
Mini Lab 4:
 Send your materials person up to get a
MYSTERY test tube for each group member
 Use the eyedroppers to add an eyedropper full
of the cabbage juice (purple liquid) to each
test tube…DO THIS ONLY ONCE
 Observe and record any changes that occur
 WAIT FOR FURTHER INSTRUCTIONS!!!
 Rinse your test tubes and return it to the test
tube rack. Flush your eyedroppers with water.
Rinse your bin & dry it! Clean up any spills at
your group!
Mini Lab 5:
 Send your materials person to the sink to get
approximately 5 ml of water in your graduated
cylinder
 Put the water into your film canister & close the lid!
 Break one Alka-Seltzer tablet in half and hold it up
in the air!
 ONCE WE ARE OUTSIDE…
 Put the Alka-Seltzer tablet into the film canister
and snap the lid TIGHTLY
 QUICKLY put the canister on the ground CAP
SIDE DOWN AND STEP BACK!
Your lab station should be clean and
your bin should contain all of the
supplies it did when you started!
 Clean, dry plastic bin
 1 graduated cylinder
 1 bottle of vinegar
 1 small beaker of cabbage juice
 2 pipettes (eyedroppers)
 1 packet of Alka-Seltzer
 1 film canister
What about the milk & vinegar?
Something to try at home 
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VFvik_THcNQ
 Check for changes in Mini Lab 2 – then pour
your “new” substance down the drain and
throw the cups and stir stick in the trash.
Let’s Take a Look at the Lab…
 Quality Management: Ensures every student has
detailed quality answers written in complete
sentences using scientific language & turns their
lab guide in!
 Stop using the word “it” – what is “it?” use the
vocabulary/explain with detail
SOME COMMON ERRORS:
 The 2 liquids, the milk and the vinegar, formed a
precipitate…instead of it precipitated/it was
precipitating – what does that mean?
 Is dissolving chemical or physical?
Let’s Take a Look at the Lab…
 Question #2 on the back – some examples of good
answers were:
 In the beginning we didn’t know what would happen in
Mini Lab 2, but it greatly displayed how this
relationship between properties and changes because
you had to mix the milk and vinegar together before
their properties could react and cause them to form a
precipitate which was the chemical change.
 For experiment #4, we had to pour the cabbage juice
into the mystery liquid to see it undergo the color
change. The color couldn’t change without mixing the
two liquids allowing you to see the chemical property
through the chemical change.
Physical Vs. Chemical
Change Examples
From the lab guide…
From the homework…
Whiteboard Quiz – Physical or
Chemical?
Number your whiteboard 1-10
You must get at least 9 correct
to get a ticket
1. Physical or Chemical?
 Freezing water…
2. Physical or Chemical?
 Chopping Wood…
3. Physical or Chemical?
 Dissolving salt in water…
4. Physical or Chemical?
 Crumpled paper…
5. Physical or Chemical?
 Burning Wood…
6. Physical or Chemical?
 Melting Gold…
7. Physical or Chemical?
 Dying Easter eggs…
8. Physical or Chemical?
 Boiling Water…
9. Physical or Chemical?
 Frying chicken…
10. Physical or Chemical?
 Tarnish on the Statue of Liberty…
Whiteboard Quiz Part 2 –
Which Property?
Number your whiteboard 1-10
You must get at least 8 correct
to get a ticket
1. Which Property?
The temperature at which a
liquid changes to a gas.
2. Which Property?
 Mass per volume of a material, or how
much stuff is packed together in an area.
3. Which Property?
 The ability to be hammered, shaped, or
rolled into thin sheets. Most metals
have this quality.
4. Which Property?
 The ability to start on fire or to
burn.
5. Which Property?
 The amount of heat or energy needed to
raise 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree
Celsius (1C).
6. Which Property?
 A measure of how much of a substance
dissolves in a given amount of another
substance.
7. Which Property?
 The temperature at which a solid
changes to a liquid.
8. Which Property?
 The ability of a material or substance to
react with another material or substance
and form something entirely new or
different.
9. Which Property?
 The ability of a material or substance
that allows electricity or heat to flow
through it easily. Most metals have this
property.
10. Which Property?
The degree to which a chemical can
harm an organism.
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Physical & Chemical Changes of Matter