MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS Ms. Martino’s SNC2P Molecular Compounds Molecular compounds are formed when two non-metals share covalent _______________ electrons in a _______ bond. • Example: _______________________ Carbon dioxide CO2 Molecular Compounds A ____________ is the covalent bond sharing of electrons to fill a ___________ valence shell • Whereas an _________ is ionic bond when electrons are transferred __________ causing atoms to become _________ charged. oppositely • Molecular Compounds Different atoms require a different number of electrons to fill their valence shells. • This means that atoms have different _________________. combining capacities • •Combining _________________: number capacities of ________ bonds a covalent non-metal needs to form a stable molecule Molecular Compounds Most atoms follow the _________: each atom in a Octet Rule molecular compound will form enough covalent bonds to have _____ eightvalence electrons • Molecular Compounds A covalent bond consists of at least ________ of one pair shared electrons. • Each pair of shared electrons results in a ______ bond. single • •Elements that need only one more electron to complete an outer shell form ___________ single bonds Hydrogen and chlorine) (i.e.; Molecular Compounds Elements that need two electrons to complete an outer shell can form _______________ or one two single bonds _______ doublebond • CH4 CO2 N2 Molecular Compounds When two of the same type of atom bond together, they are called diatomic _______ elements or ________ diatomicmolecules. • •Diatomic H2 Molecules: H _______________ O F Br I N Cl O2 F2 Br2 I2 N2 Cl2 COVALENT VERSUS IONIC BONDS VIDEO http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QqjcCvzWw ww Naming Binary Molecular Compounds ________ are added to Prefixes both non-metals in the compound. • •The prefixindicates the _____ _______ of atoms of number each element in the molecule. MonoDiTriTetraPentaHexa- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Notes: the prefix “mono-” is often left out when there is only one atom of the first element in the name. • Example: _______________________________ CO2 carbon dioxide When using the prefixes such as “mono-”, “tetra” (the prefix ends in an “a” or “o”) with oxygen, the last “a” or “o” in the prefix is dropped • Example: _______________________________ Carbon monoxide, sulfur pentoxide