Chapter 19: Toward An Urban Society, 1877-1900 Columbian Exposition “old” immigrants “new” immigrants Statue of Liberty Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) Ellis Island Contract labor law American Protective Association Urbanization Streetcar cities Mass transportation Skyscrapers Ethnic neighborhoods Tenements Suburbs Frederic Law Olmsted Political machine Party boss Henry George, Progress and Poverty Edward Bellamy, Looking Backward Settlement houses Jane Addams Social Gospel Movement Walter Rauschenbusch Dwight Moody Salvation Army Mary Baker Eddy National American Women’s Suffrage Association Women’s Christian Temperance Union Frances E. Willard Antisaloon League Carry A. Nation Anthony Comstock Charles W. Eliot Johns Hopkins University Oliver Wendell Holmes Lester F. Ward Clarence Darrow W.E.B. Du Bois Bret Harte Mark Twain William Dean Howells Stephen Crane Jack London Theodore Dreiser Winslow Homer Thomas Eakins James McNeill Whistler Mary Cassatt Ashcan School Armory Show of 1913 Henry Hobson Richardson Louis Sullivan Chicago School Daniel Burnham Frederick Law Olmsted John Philip Sousa Jelly Roll Morton Buddy Bolden Jazz Scott Joplin; ragtime Joseph Pulitzer; New York World William Randolph Hearst P.T. Barnum; James A. Bailey Buffalo Bill; Annie Oakley John L. Sullivan Spectator sports; amateur sports; bachelor sports Melting Pot Cultural diversity