Quick Grammar Review
Present Tense Conjugations
• What kind of verb do you have?
– AR, ER, IR?
• What pronoun do you have?
• Drop ending, add new ending that matches
your pronoun
AR endings
Yo
-O
Nosotros/Nosotras
-AMOS
Tú
-AS
Él/Ella/Usted
Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes
-A
-AN
Yo
-O
Nosotros/Nosotras
-EMOS
-IMOS
Tú
-ES
Él/Ella/Usted
Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes
-E
-EN
IRREGULAR VERBS: no stem change in
1st person plural!
• JUGAR: to play (juego)
– UUE
• QUERER: to want
– E IE
• TENER: to have
– EIE
– Irregular in first person
• PENSAR: to think
– EIE
• DAR: to give
– Irregular in first person
• IR: to go
– Totally irregular (voy, vas, va, vamos, van)
• DORMIR: to sleep
– OUE
SER
• DOCTOR
Soy
Somos
Eres
Es
Son
Estar
• For how you feel and where you are
Estoy
Estamos
Estás
Está
Están
Present Progressive
• English: to be + ing
• Spanish: estar + ando/iendo
– Conjugate estar for your pronoun
– Drop the ar/er/ir from your infinitive and add
either ando (for ar verbs) or iendo (for er/ir verbs)
– Irregular: ir (yendo), leer (leyendo),
dormir(durmiendo)
Affirmative Tú Commands
• Conjugate the verb in third person singular
– ARA
– ER/IRE
• Irregular:
– Ponerpon
– Hacerhaz
DOP’s
• Replace the direct object of the sentence with
the DOP
– Must agree in gender and number and replace the
DO and all adjectives with it
– Put IOP BEFORE conjugated verb
• If you have 2 verbs you can attach it to the infintive
– Lo/La/Los/Las (it/them)
IOP
• Correspond with the IO of the sentence
– Must agree in number
– IO always comes after the “A”
– Put IOP BEFORE conjugated verb
• If you have 2 verbs you can attach it to the infinitive
– Me/Te/Le/Nos/les (to or for: me, you, he/she/you
(formal), us, them(y’all)