Study for verbs and grammar exam # 2
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Irregular verbs (from « forget » to « quit »). Your need to learn the 4 columns.
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Conjugaison :
Simple present : You add –s to the 3rd person singular. Verbs ending with –s,
sh, ch, o, x and z need –es. Verbs ending with –y need to be looked at. If the
preceding letter is a vowel, you only add –s (ex : play becomes plays). If the
preceding letter is a consonant, you change the –y for –ies (ex : try becomes tries)
Simple past : You add –ed to most verbs. Check if it is an irregular verbs
because then it is another word. The easy part is that it is the same word for every
pronoun.
Simple future : You put will before the basic form of the verb (infinitive).
Again, it is the same for every pronoun.
Present progressive : When the action is taking place the moment you speak of
it. You use the auxilary « to be » and you add -ing to the basic form of the verb.
Present perfect : You use it to talk about an indefinite time. The action is in the
past but is still connected to the present. You form it by using the auxilary « to
have » in the present tense and you add the past participle of your main verb.
Ex : I have had a wonderful time at the fair.
- Modals
A modal is used to modify the verb and precise the meaning of your sentence. You have
many modals and they each mean something. You place the modal before the verb,
usually in its infinitive form. Watch out for the passive voice…
Modal
Can, could
Meaning
Ability, capacity
Ex : You can play the guitar well.
He could run 5 kilometers last year.
Must, must not, have to, had to
Obligation
Ex : She must finish her homework.
May, can
Permission
Ex : May I use your phone ?
Might, may
Possibility
Ex : It might rain tonight.
Would like
Wants, desires
Ex : Would you like some coffee ?
Can, could, will, would
Request
Ex : Can you give a hand ?
Should, shouldn’t
Advice
Ex : They should visit their parents more.