NEW TECHNOLOGY, INVENTORS (FACTORY AND AGRICULTURE) • Samuel Slater • Eli Whitney • Elias Howe & Issac Singer • John Deere • Cyrus McCormick IMPACT ON SOCIETY (FACTORY, AGRICULTURE) • Samuel Slater- “Father of Factory System” • First successful water-powered roller spinning textile mill, Slater Mill (1793) • Spread to Rhode Island, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and New Hampshire • 1815 Providence, 140 cotton manufacturers • Eli Whitney • Cotton Gin (1794) • 50x more effective than separating by hand • Flourished in South • Machine-made inter-changeable parts, muskets (1850) • Flourished in north CONTINUED.. • Elias Howe (1846) and Issac Singer (1850s) • Inventers of sewing machine • Foundation of clothing industry • Made in factories, than homes • Cyrus McCormick • First mechanical mower-reaper to harvest grain • quicker and cheaper harvesting of grain • John Deere (1837) • Steel plow • Speed up farming across the Midwest IMPACT ON SOCIETY (COMMUNICATION, AND TRANSPORTATION) People • Samuel Morse • Cyrus Field • Robert Fulton • Dewitt Clinton “Roads” • Cumberland Road • Lancaster Turnpike • 1st Railroad • Pony Express COMMUNICATION • Samuel Morse (1844) • First telegraph message (Baltimore to Capitol Building) • Cyrus Field (1858) • Telegraph cable between US and Europe • Instant communication with Europe • Pony Express (1860-1861) • West’s most direct means of communication (Missouri to California) TRANSPORTATION • Lancaster Turnpike (1795) • Hard road from Philadelphia to Lancaster, PA • Economic expansion westward • Robert Fulton (1807) • First steamboat, Clermont • Increase in trade, no concern for weather or water current • Cumberland Road AKA The National Road • Maryland to Illinois 625 miles CONTINUED… • Dewitt Clinton’s “Big Ditch” (1804) • Erie Canal, between Lake Eerie and Hudson River • Shorten expense and time of transportation • First Railroad (1828) • By 1860, 30,000 miles of railroad tracks • Increase in trade • Opened west, connected raw materials • To markets and factories IN THE FUTURE • More inventors throughout rest of 19 th-early 20th century (productivity) • Foundations of mid-1800s set stage for future inventions • Light bulb (Thomas Edison) • Telephone (Alexander Bell) • Automobile (Karl Benz) • Impact of these and other inventions are enormous