NEW TECHNOLOGY, INVENTORS
(FACTORY AND AGRICULTURE)
• Samuel Slater
• Eli Whitney
• Elias Howe & Issac Singer
• John Deere
• Cyrus McCormick
IMPACT ON SOCIETY (FACTORY,
AGRICULTURE)
•
Samuel Slater- “Father of Factory System”
• First successful water-powered roller spinning textile mill, Slater
Mill (1793)
• Spread to Rhode Island, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and New
Hampshire
• 1815 Providence, 140 cotton manufacturers
•
Eli Whitney
• Cotton Gin (1794)
• 50x more effective than separating by hand
• Flourished in South
• Machine-made inter-changeable parts, muskets (1850)
• Flourished in north
CONTINUED..
•
Elias Howe (1846) and Issac Singer (1850s)
•
Inventers of sewing machine
• Foundation of clothing industry
• Made in factories, than homes
•
Cyrus McCormick
• First mechanical mower-reaper to harvest grain
• quicker and cheaper harvesting of grain
•
John Deere (1837)
• Steel plow
• Speed up farming across the Midwest
IMPACT ON SOCIETY (COMMUNICATION,
AND TRANSPORTATION)
People
•
Samuel Morse
•
Cyrus Field
•
Robert Fulton
•
Dewitt Clinton
“Roads”
•
Cumberland Road
•
Lancaster Turnpike
•
1st Railroad
•
Pony Express
COMMUNICATION
•
Samuel Morse (1844)
• First telegraph message (Baltimore to Capitol Building)
•
Cyrus Field (1858)
• Telegraph cable between US and Europe
• Instant communication with Europe
•
Pony Express (1860-1861)
• West’s most direct means of communication (Missouri to California)
TRANSPORTATION
•
Lancaster Turnpike (1795)
• Hard road from Philadelphia to Lancaster, PA
• Economic expansion westward
•
Robert Fulton (1807)
• First steamboat, Clermont
• Increase in trade, no concern for weather or water current
•
Cumberland Road AKA The National Road
• Maryland to Illinois 625 miles
CONTINUED…
•
Dewitt Clinton’s “Big Ditch” (1804)
• Erie Canal, between Lake Eerie and Hudson River
• Shorten expense and time of transportation
•
First Railroad (1828)
• By 1860, 30,000 miles of railroad tracks
• Increase in trade
• Opened west, connected raw materials
• To markets and factories
IN THE FUTURE
•
More inventors throughout rest of 19 th-early 20th century (productivity)
•
Foundations of mid-1800s set stage for future inventions
• Light bulb (Thomas Edison)
• Telephone (Alexander Bell)
• Automobile (Karl Benz)
•
Impact of these and other inventions are enormous