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The Cell
the BIG idea
All living things are made up of cells.
15.1 The cell is the basic unit of living things.
15.2 Microscopes allow us to see inside the cell.
15.3 Different cells perform various functions.
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15.1
CHAPTER HOME
KEY CONCEPT
The cell is the basic unit of living things.
All living things are made up of one or more cells.
Organisms share the following characteristics:
• organization
• ability to grow and develop
• ability to respond
• ability to reproduce
VOCABULARY
organism
unicellular
multicellular
microscope
bacteria
Multicellular organisms
include this frog and
these water-lily plants.
Many unicellular
organisms live in pond
water.
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SECTION
OUTLINE
15.2
CHAPTER HOME
KEY CONCEPT
Microscopes allow us to see inside the cell.
A prokaryotic cell is relatively simple in structure,
with no nucleus or other organelles.
VOCABULARY
cell membrane
cytoplasm
nucleus
eukaryotic cell
prokaryotic cell
organelle
cell wall
chloroplast
SIMULATION
View cells through
different types of
microscopes.
A bacterium consists of a single prokaryotic cell.
mitochondria
CHAPTER
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SECTION
OUTLINE
15.2
CHAPTER HOME
KEY CONCEPT
Microscopes allow us to see inside the cell.
A prokaryotic cell is relatively simple in structure,
with no nucleus or other organelles. A eukaryotic
cell is more complex, with many different organelles
inside it.
VOCABULARY
cell membrane
cytoplasm
nucleus
eukaryotic cell
prokaryotic cell
organelle
cell wall
chloroplast
mitochondria
plant cell
animal cell
Plants and animals are made up of many eukaryotic cells.
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SECTION
OUTLINE
15.2
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
Microscopes allow us to see inside the cell.
A prokaryotic cell is relatively simple in structure,
with no nucleus or other organelles. A eukaryotic
cell is more complex, with many different organelles
inside it.
VOCABULARY
cell membrane
cytoplasm
nucleus
eukaryotic cell
prokaryotic cell
organelle
SIMULATION
Take a virtual tour of a
cell.
cell wall
chloroplast
mitochondria
CHAPTER
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Plants and animals are made up of many eukaryotic cells.
SECTION
OUTLINE
15.3
CHAPTER HOME
KEY CONCEPT
Different cells perform various functions.
• The single cell of a unicellular organism does all
that is necessary for the organism to survive.
• A multicellular organism is a community of
specialized cells.
• Scientific models make it easier to understand cells.
VOCABULARY
specialization
tissue
organ
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
archaea
The tarsier has many levels
of organization in its body.
SECTION
OUTLINE
15.1
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
The cell is the basic unit of living things.
I. The cell is the basic unit of living things.
A. Living things are different from nonliving things.
1. Characteristics of Life
2. Needs of Life
B. All living things are made of cells.
VOCABULARY
organism
unicellular
multicellular
microscope
bacteria
C. The microscope led to the discovery of cells.
D. Cells come from other cells.
E. The cell theory is important to the study of
biology.
1. Louis Pasteur
2. Bacteria and Spontaneous Generation
CHAPTER
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KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY
15.2
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
Microscopes allow us to see inside the cell.
II. Microscopes allow us to see inside the cell.
VOCABULARY
cell membrane
A. The microscope is an important tool.
cytoplasm
B. Cells are diverse.
nucleus
C. Plants and animals have eukaryotic cells.
eukaryotic cell
1. Structures That Process Information
prokaryotic cell
organelle
2. Organelles That Provide Energy
3. Organelles That Process and Transport
4. Organelles for Storage, Recycling, and
Waste
cell wall
chloroplast
mitochondria
CHAPTER
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KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY
15.3
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
Different cells perform various functions.
III. Different cells perform various functions.
A. Organisms can be classified by their cell type.
1. Archaea and Bacteria
VOCABULARY
specialization
tissue
organ
2. Eukarya
B. Cells in multicellular organisms specialize.
C. A multicellular organism is a community of
cells.
D. Scientists use models to study cells.
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KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY
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