5- INFECTION CONTROL:
PRINCIPLES & PRACTICES
Date:
Rating:
Text Pages: 54-83
POINT TO PONDER:
“One pound of learning requires ten pounds of common sense to apply it.”
—Persian Proverb
1. Explain in your own words why it is important to study infection control.
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
REGULATION
2. In regards to regulating the practice of cosmetology, what is the difference between federal
agencies and state agencies?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
3. Define OSHA. ______________________________________
4. OSHA was created as part of the US Department of Labor in order to
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
5. What is the purpose of the Hazard Communication Act?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
6. What does a Material Safety Data Sheet include?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
7. What does the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) license?
____________________________________________________________________________
8. What two types are used in salons?
a) ______________b) ______________
9. If you do not follow the instructions for mixing contact time and the type of surface the
disinfecting product can be used on, you’ve broken federal law.
a) True
b) False
10. Why do state regulatory agencies exist?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
11. State agencies rules are enforced through _____________and investigations of consumer
complaints.
12. What is the difference between laws and rules?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
Chapter 5
Page 1
5- INFECTION CONTROL:
PRINCIPLES & PRACTICES
II. PRINCIPLES OF INFECTION
13. List the three types of potentially infectious microorganisms that are important in the practice
of cosmetology.
a) ______________(b) _______________c) _____________________
14. Disinfectants used in the salon must be_____________, _____________,
and_____________.
What does that mean?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
15. Explain why the cosmetologist is obligated to provide safe services in the salon.
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
16. One-celled microorganisms with both plant and animal characteristics are known as
__________________. Where can they exist?
____________________________________________________________________________
17. The vast majority of bacteria which are completely harmless and do not produce disease
are ____________________organisms.
18. List some of the useful functions of this harmless bacterium.
a) _______________________
b) _______________________
c) _______________________
23
19. Pathogenic bacteria are harmful because they may cause ___________or infection when
they enter the body.
20. Match each term with its correct definition
1. microbes/germs
________a) Poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms
2. Microorganism
________b) One-celled microorganisms
3. Parasite
________c) Organism of microscopic to submicroscopic size
4. Bacteria
________d) Infection spread from one person to another
5. Virus
________e) An organism that lives on another organism
6. Infectious
________f) Synonyms for any disease-producing bacteria
7. Toxin
________g) Microorganism capable of infecting almost all plants
and animals
21. Match each of the following bacteria with its unique shape.
1. Cocci
________a) Curved lines
2. Staphylococci
________ b) Spiral or corkscrew
3. Streptococci
________ c) Short, rod shaped
4. Diplococci
________ d) Round shape
5. Bacilli
________e) Grape like clusters
6. Spirilla
________f) Spherical
22. Pus forming bacteria that causes abscesses, pustules and boils is known
as______________
23. Pus forming bacteria that causes infections such as strep throat and blood poisoning is
known as ____________________
24. Diplococci is a bacteria that causes diseases such as_______________.
25. How do the following bacteria move about?
a) Cocci ___________________
b) Bacilla___________________
Chapter 5
Page 2
5- INFECTION CONTROL:
PRINCIPLES & PRACTICES
c) Spirilla __________________
26. Bacteria move in different ways, motility, which is _____________and__________) or cilia,
a whip like motion, which moves the bacteria in liquid.
27. Unscramble these words and use them to complete the sentences below.
briateac _______sopotparlm______aticve ______cniatvie_________
______________generally consist of an outer cell wall containing a liquid called
______________They manufacture their own food from the surrounding environment, give off
waste products, and grow and reproduce. The life cycle of bacteria is made up of two distinct
phases: the _________stage, and the __________or spore-forming stage.
28. During the active stage, bacteria:
a) _________
b) _________
c) _________
d) _________
29. The division of bacteria cell is called __________The cells that are formed are
called’_______
30. What happens to bacteria in favorable conditions?__________________
What happens in unfavorable conditions? ___________________________
31. Why do certain bacteria, such as anthrax and tetanus bacilli, coat themselves with wax outer
shells? _________________________________________________________
32. What happens when favorable conditions are restored?
___________________________________________________________________________
33. What occurs when body tissues are invaded by disease-causing or pathogenic bacteria?
____________________
34. What is pus?
____________________________________________________________________________
35. Staphylococci are among the most common human bacteria and are normally carried by
what percentage of the population?
a) 1⁄8
b) 1⁄2
c) 1⁄3
d) 1⁄4
36. How is a staph infection most frequently transferred? ______________________________
37. Staph infections occur most frequently in people who have _______________ immune
systems. The symptoms usually appear as skin infections such as: ____________________
38. A _____________ is one that is confined to a particular part of the body and is indicated by
a lesion containing pus.
39. A disease that spreads from one person to another by contact is said to be contagious or
________________
40. List the more common contagious diseases that will prevent a cosmetologist from servicing
a client. _______________________________________________
41. A _______________is a microorganism capable of infecting almost all plants and animals
including bacteria. They cause:
a) ___________b) _________________________c) ________________d) ______________
e) ________________________f) _________________g)_______________h)____________
i) ________________j) _____________k)_______________ l)_________________________
Chapter 5
Page 3
5- INFECTION CONTROL:
PRINCIPLES & PRACTICES
42. What’s the difference between bacteria and viruses?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
43. ___________________can usually be treated with antibiotics while
_____________generally are not affected by antibiotics.
44. Vaccination prevents viruses from growing in the body, but are not available for all viruses.
True
False
45. Disease-causing bacteria or viruses that are carried through the body in the blood or
body fluids are called ____________________________
List the three types of hepatitis: _____________________________
46. What does HIV stand for? _______________________________
47. What does AIDS stand for?____________________________)
What is AIDS?__________________________________________________
48. Is it possible to have HIV for many years and have no symptoms?
a) Yes b) No
49. How is the HIV virus transmitted?
a) _____________________________________
b) ____________________________________
c) ____________________________________
50. Name some ways in which the HIV virus is not transmitted.
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
51. ________________are organisms that live in, or on, another ____________ organism and
draw their_____________from that organism or _____________
52. _______ which include molds, mildews, and yeasts can produce ________diseases, such
as ringworm.
53. ___________ is the most frequently encountered infection resulting from hair services. What
does it affect? ______________________________________________________________
54. Nail fungus can be spread through ____________implements or when the natural nail is not
properly ____________ before the enhancement is applied. Nail fungus is usually a
_____________condition that is _____________but can spread to other nails or clients if
implements are not properly (cleaned and disinfected) after each service.
55. What should a client do if they are concerned about a fungal infection of the nails?
______________________________________27
56. Pathogenic bacteria or viruses or fungi can enter the body through
a)__________________________________
b)__________________________________
c)__________________________________
d) _________________________________
e)__________________________________
57. The body prevents and controls infections with
a)___________________________________________
b)___________________________________________
c)____________________________________________
d) ____________________________________________
58. Match each of the following terms with its correct definition.
1. Immunity
________a) both inherited and developed through healthy living
2. Natural immunity ________ b) ability to overcome disease through inoculation
3. Acquired immunity ________ c) the body’s ability to destroy and resist infection
Chapter 5
Page 4
5- INFECTION CONTROL:
PRINCIPLES & PRACTICES
PRINCIPLES OF INFECTION PRACTICAL
1. Preventing the spread of infections is easy if you know what to do and you
________________________________________________________________________
2. In the salon, safety begins and ends with the _______________________
3. What are the three types of potentially infectious microorganisms that are important in the
salon? ____________________________
4. In the salon, we are not treating diseases; however, we must take steps to ensure
_____________________________
5. What may happen if dirty salon tools and equipment are used?
______________________________________________________________
PRINCIPLES OF PREVENTION
6. List the three main types of decontamination:
a) ______________
b) ______________
c) ______________
7. Which of the three are required in the average salon by regulatory oversight agencies?
____________________
8. Simply cleaning and removing all visible dirt and debris is called _____________3
9. Explain what will happen when a surface is properly sanitized:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
10. Cleaned surfaces can still harbor pathogens.
True OR False
11. What is the most powerful and important way to prevent the spread of infection?
_____________
12. List three methods of cleaning:
a) _______________
b)_______________
c)_______________
13. The second step of decontamination is _______________ .
14. Disinfection is the process that kills most, but not necessarily all,_______________
in nonliving surfaces.
15. Disinfectants are chemical agents that destroy all bacteria, fungi, and viruses but not
16. Disinfectants are chemical agents used to destroy bacteria and viruses on (tools) .
a) -__________
b)___________
c)__________
d)___________
17. Where should disinfectants never be used? _____________
18. Explain how the term “sterilize” is often used incorrectly.
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
19. List two methods:
a)_______________________
b)_______________________
Chapter 5
Page 5
5- INFECTION CONTROL:
PRINCIPLES & PRACTICES
20. Of the two methods, which one is less efficient and why?
________________________________________________________
21. __________________who use needles and probes that lance the skin must follow the
___________________procedures. What is a simpler solution for
this(__________________________________________________
22. Proper use of an autoclave requires
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
23. All disinfectants must be approved by the
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
24. When using a disinfectant, always __________________________________
25. Disinfectants must have ______________claims on the label. What does that mean?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
26. When salon implements contact blood, body fluids, or unhealthy conditions, they should
be cleaned and then completely immersed in an ____________________________or 10%
bleach solution.
27. Before soaking in a disinfectant solution, all implements must be ____________________ .
Why?____________________________
28. List the tips for using disinfectants:
a) -____________________________________________
b) -____________________________________________
c) _____________________________________________
d) -____________________________________________
e)______________________________________________
f) -______________________________________________
g) ____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
29. What are quats? _________________________________________
30. Most quat solutions disinfect implements in________ minutes.
a) 5
b) 10
c) 15
d) 20
5
31. What will happen if tools are left in the solution longer than recommended?
________________________________________________________________________
32. __________________________have a very high pH and can cause damage to the skin and
eyes, and some can be harmful to the environment).
33. What are the drawbacks of phenolic disinfectants?
____________________________________________________________________________
34. List the two types of alcohol used as disinfectants in the salon:
a)____________________b._______________________
35. What must their strength be? _______________________
36. The technical term for household bleach is ____________________
Chapter 5
Page 6
5- INFECTION CONTROL:
PRINCIPLES & PRACTICES
37. Why do ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, and sodium hypochlorite not have an EPA number?
____________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
38. Explain how bleach is mixed:
___________________________________________________
39. It is OK to store bleach near heat and light.
True
False
40. Formalin tablets were used in the past as _________________in dry cabinet sanitizers.
41. Why are fumigants no longer necessary?
a) ________________________________________________________________
b) ________________________________________________________________
c) ________________________________________________________________
d) ________________________________________________________________
6
42. List the safety precautions to take when using a disinfectant.
a._________________________________________________________________________
b__________________________________________________________________________
c.__________________________________________________________________________
d___________________________________________________________________________
e___________________________________________________________________________
i___________________________________________________________________________
43. The two types of items used in the salon are _-______________or reusable, and
________________or disposable.
44. Which of the two can be cleaned, disinfected, and used on more than one person?
_________________
45. What tools are considered multi-use?
____________________________________________________________________________
46. Define porous: ____________________________________
47. Some porous items can be safely cleaned, disinfected, and used on more than one client.
True
False
48. If you are not sure if an item can be safely cleaned, disinfected, and used again, what
should you do? _______________________
49. Single-use items are disposable and cannot be used more than once because they
cannot be cleaned of all _____________________________
50. List examples of single-use items:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
Chapter 5
Page 7
5- INFECTION CONTROL:
PRINCIPLES & PRACTICES
DISINFECTION PROCEDURE
51. Tools and equipment must be ______________and _____________________ after each
use and before they may be used on another client.
52. List the guidelines for disinfecting tools and implements such as combs, brushes, rollers,
picks, styling tools, scissors, tweezers, nail clippers, and multi-use abrasive nail files.
a) ___________________________________________________________
b) ___________________________________________________________
c)___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________
d) _________________________________________________________________________
e) _________________________________
f)___________________________________________
53. What must be used to keep capes from touching the client’s skin?
_____________________
54. Describe how to disinfect work surfaces:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
55. When is it necessary to disinfect tables and chairs?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
56. Is it OK to save client packs with items like nail files and buffers? ______
Under what condition?
___________________________________________________________________________
57. How should foot spas be disinfected?
After each client
a) _________________________________________________
b)
____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________
c)____________________________________________________________________
d) _____________________________________
e)_______________________________________________________________
At the end of each day
a) _______________________________________________________________
b) ________________________________________________________________
c) __________________________________________________________________
d) ____________________________________________
e)_____________________________________________________________________
Once a week
a) ____________________________________________________________________
b) ____________________________________________________________________
c)_____________________________________________________________________
d)_____________________________________________________________________
f) _____________________________________________________________________
Chapter 5
Page 8
5- INFECTION CONTROL:
PRINCIPLES & PRACTICES
58. What are chelating surfactant soaps or detergents?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
59. The _______________________must be kept clean and orderly, with all containers marked
clearly as to content. _____________________________________________
60. For hand-washing, studies show that antibacterial soaps are no more effective than regular
soaps or detergents.
True
False
61. Antibacterial soaps may actually promote _______________________________9
62. Using a ________________________can help prevent dry skin caused by repeated handwashing.
63. List the correct procedure for washing hands.
a) ___________________________________________
b) ______________________________________________________________________
c) ______________________________________________________________________
d) ______________________________________________________________________
64. _____________________are agents formulated for use on skin.
UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS
65. Why should you use the same infection control practices on all clients?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
66. Define asymptomatic:
____________________________________________________________________________
67. How should blood spill in the salon be handled?
a) ________________________________
b) _____________________________________________________
c) _____________________________________________________
d) _____________________________________________________
e) _____________________________________________________
f)___________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
g)__________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
h)__________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
10
Chapter 5
Page 9
5- INFECTION CONTROL:
PRINCIPLES & PRACTICES
THE PROFESSIONAL SALON IMAGE
68. List the guidelines you should follow to keep your salon looking its best and being its best:
List a through s steps
a___________________________________________________________________________
b___________________________________________________________________________
c___________________________________________________________________________
d___________________________________________________________________________
e___________________________________________________________________________
f____________________________________________________________________________
g___________________________________________________________________________
h__________________________________________________________________________
i____________________________________________________________________________
j____________________________________________________________________________
k__________________________________________________________________________
l____________________________________________________________________________
m___________________________________________________________________________
n___________________________________________________________________________
o___________________________________________________________________________
p___________________________________________________________________________
q___________________________________________________________________________
r___________________________________________________________________________
s___________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
Chapter 5
Page 10