Structured Query Language FOR DATA MANAGEMENT
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Structured Query Language FOR DATA MANAGEMENT
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Table of Contents
PHASE 1- DATABASE DESIGN AND DDL ...............................................................................................3
BUSINESS RULES & ENTITY TABLES ........................................................................................................ 3
ENTITY TABLES:........................................................................................................................................ 4
SQL CODE: .............................................................................................................................................. 4
SCREENSHOTS: .......................................................................................................................................... 8
PHASE 2 – SECURITY AND DML ......................................................................................................... 13
TASK 1 ..................................................................................................................................................... 14
TASK 2 ..................................................................................................................................................... 15
TASK 3 ..................................................................................................................................................... 16
TASK 4 ..................................................................................................................................................... 17
TASK 5 ..................................................................................................................................................... 18
PHASE 3 - DML (SELECT) AND PROCEDURES ...................................................................................... 19
TASK 1 ..................................................................................................................................................... 19
TASK 2 ....................................................................................................................................................... 20
TASK 3 ....................................................................................................................................................... 21
TASK 4 ....................................................................................................................................................... 22
TASK 5 ..................................................................................................................................................... 23
PHASE 4 – ARCHITECTURE, INDEXES ................................................................................................. 27
STEP 1: CREATE TABLE [DEGREES] .............................................................................................................. 27
STEP 2: RE-CREATE ‘CLASSES’ TABLE TO ADD ‘DEGREEID’ COLUMN AND INSERT 6 CLASSES .................................. 29
STEP 3: ALTER TABLE [STUDENTS] ............................................................................................................... 31
STEP 5: DML SCRIPT TO INSERT INTO THE ‘STUDENTS’ TABLE ‘DEGREEID’ DATA ................................................. 33
STEP 6: DISPLAY ERD .................................................................................................................................. 36
PHASE 5 – VIEWS, TRANSACTIONS, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE ..................................................... 37
REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................... 38
Sructured Query Language FOR DATA MANAGEMENT
Phase 1- Database Design and DDL
My team was recently contracted to design and develop a database for CTU that will
store personal and confidential university data. This database is expected to provide the backend architecture for a front-end web application with an intuitive User/Interface (U/I) to be used
by the university HR department. We’ve decided to use Microsoft SQL Server 2012 given the
nature of data to be stored because it will be more secure, and it also provides a suite of server
maintenance tools to be left behind with the IT Department once the database and web
application have been tested and accepted by university stakeholders.
During our preliminary meetings, CTU’s requirements were defined and adequately
scoped to begin creation of the database. The following sections contain the business rules and
entity tables developed during the preliminary meetings, as well as copies of all the SQL code
used to build the database and create the Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD).
Business Rules & Entity Tables
Business Rules:

A student has a name, a birth date, and gender.

You must track the date the student started at the university and his or her current GPA, as
well as be able to inactivate him or her without deleting information.

For advising purposes, store the student's background/bio information. This is like a little
story.

An advisor has a name and an e-mail address.

Students are assigned to one advisor, but one advisor may service multiple students.

A class has a class code, name, and description.

You need to indicate the specific classes a student is taking/has taken at the university. Track
the date the student started a specific class and the grade earned in that class.

Each class that a student takes has 4 assignments. Each assignment is worth 100 points.
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Sructured Query Language FOR DATA MANAGEMENT
Entity Tables:
SQL CODE:
Create Database:
CREATE DATABASE [Cameron_CTU]
CONTAINMENT = NONE
ON PRIMARY
( NAME = N'Cameron_CTU', FILENAME = N'c:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL
Server\MSSQL11.SCAMERON_CTU\MSSQL\DATA\Cameron_CTU.mdf' , SIZE = 3072KB , FILEGROWTH =
1024KB )
LOG ON
( NAME = N'Cameron_CTU_log', FILENAME = N'c:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL
Server\MSSQL11.SCAMERON_CTU\MSSQL\DATA\Cameron_CTU_log.ldf' , SIZE = 1024KB , FILEGROWTH
= 01% )
GO
ALTER DATABASE [Cameron_CTU] SET COMPATIBILITY_LEVEL = 110
GO
ALTER DATABASE [Cameron_CTU] SET ANSI_NULL_DEFAULT OFF
GO
ALTER DATABASE [Cameron_CTU] SET ANSI_NULLS OFF
GO
ALTER DATABASE [Cameron_CTU] SET ANSI_PADDING OFF
GO
ALTER DATABASE [Cameron_CTU] SET ANSI_WARNINGS OFF
GO
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Sructured Query Language FOR DATA MANAGEMENT
ALTER DATABASE [Cameron_CTU] SET ARITHABORT OFF
GO
ALTER DATABASE [Cameron_CTU] SET AUTO_CLOSE OFF
GO
ALTER DATABASE [Cameron_CTU] SET AUTO_CREATE_STATISTICS ON
GO
ALTER DATABASE [Cameron_CTU] SET AUTO_SHRINK OFF
GO
ALTER DATABASE [Cameron_CTU] SET AUTO_UPDATE_STATISTICS ON
GO
ALTER DATABASE [Cameron_CTU] SET CURSOR_CLOSE_ON_COMMIT OFF
GO
ALTER DATABASE [Cameron_CTU] SET CURSOR_DEFAULT GLOBAL
GO
ALTER DATABASE [Cameron_CTU] SET CONCAT_NULL_YIELDS_NULL OFF
GO
ALTER DATABASE [Cameron_CTU] SET NUMERIC_ROUNDABORT OFF
GO
ALTER DATABASE [Cameron_CTU] SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER OFF
GO
ALTER DATABASE [Cameron_CTU] SET RECURSIVE_TRIGGERS OFF
GO
ALTER DATABASE [Cameron_CTU] SET DISABLE_BROKER
GO
ALTER DATABASE [Cameron_CTU] SET AUTO_UPDATE_STATISTICS_ASYNC OFF
GO
ALTER DATABASE [Cameron_CTU] SET DATE_CORRELATION_OPTIMIZATION OFF
GO
ALTER DATABASE [Cameron_CTU] SET PARAMETERIZATION SIMPLE
GO
ALTER DATABASE [Cameron_CTU] SET READ_COMMITTED_SNAPSHOT OFF
GO
ALTER DATABASE [Cameron_CTU] SET READ_WRITE
GO
ALTER DATABASE [Cameron_CTU] SET RECOVERY SIMPLE
GO
ALTER DATABASE [Cameron_CTU] SET MULTI_USER
GO
ALTER DATABASE [Cameron_CTU] SET PAGE_VERIFY CHECKSUM
GO
ALTER DATABASE [Cameron_CTU] SET TARGET_RECOVERY_TIME = 0 SECONDS
GO
USE [Cameron_CTU]
GO
IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sys.filegroups WHERE is_default=1 AND name = N'PRIMARY')
ALTER DATABASE [Cameron_CTU] MODIFY FILEGROUP [PRIMARY] DEFAULT
GO
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Create Students Table:
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Students]
(
[StudentID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
[FistName] [varchar](255) NOT NULL,
[LastName] [varchar](255) NOT NULL,
[BirthDate] [date] NOT NULL,
[Gender] [char](1) NOT NULL,
[StartDate] [date] NOT NULL,
[GPA] [numeric](4, 0) NOT NULL,
[IsActive] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,
[Bio] [varchar](255) NOT NULL,
[AdvisorID] [int] NOT NULL,
)
Create Advisors Table:
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Advisors]
(
[AdvisorID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
[FirstName] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,
[LastName] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,
[EmailAddr] [varchar](100) NOT NULL,
)
Create Classes Table:
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Classes]
(
[ClassID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
[ClassCode] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,
[ClassName] [varchar](100) NOT NULL,
[Description] [varchar](300) NOT NULL,
)
Create Students_Classes Table and make ‘AdvisorID’ and ‘DegreeID’ FOREIGN KEYS, and make
‘StudentID’ a FOREIGN KEY on the Students_Classes table.
USE Cameron_CTU
CREATE TABLE Students
(StudentID INT IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
FirstName VARCHAR(35) NOT NULL,
LastName VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
BirthDate DATE NOT NULL,
Gender CHAR(1) NOT NULL,
StartDate DATE,
GPA DECIMAL(4,2),
IsActive CHAR(3) NOT NULL,
Bio VARCHAR(3000),
AdvisorID [int],
DegreeID [int] NOT NULL,
)
ALTER TABLE Students
ADD FOREIGN KEY (AdvisorID)
REFERENCES Advisors ([AdvisorID])
GO
ALTER TABLE Students
ADD FOREIGN KEY ([DegreeID])
REFERENCES Degrees ([DegreeID])
GO
ALTER TABLE Students_Classes
ADD FOREIGN KEY (StudentID)
REFERENCES Students(StudentID)
Once the relationships have been established, the ERD can be created
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Sructured Query Language FOR DATA MANAGEMENT
New DML script to add required constraints for GPA, Gender, and Assignments1 – Assignments4
USE Cameron_CTU
ALTER TABLE Students
ADD CONSTRAINT chkGPA
CHECK (GPA BETWEEN 0.00 and 4.00);
ALTER TABLE Students
ADD CONSTRAINT chkGender
CHECK (Gender IN ('M', 'F'));
ALTER TABLE Students_Classes
ADD CONSTRAINT chkAssignment1
CHECK (Assignment1 BETWEEN
0 AND 100);
ALTER TABLE Students_Classes
ADD CONSTRAINT chkAssignment2
CHECK (Assignment2 BETWEEN
0 AND 100);
ALTER TABLE Students_Classes
ADD CONSTRAINT chkAssignment3
CHECK (Assignment3 BETWEEN
0 AND 100);
ALTER TABLE Students_Classes
ADD CONSTRAINT chkAssignment4
CHECK (Assignment4 BETWEEN
0 AND 100);
(Fehily, 2008)
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Sructured Query Language FOR DATA MANAGEMENT
This section contains screenshots of the query windows once the code was executed successfully.
Screenshots:
Create Database:
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Create Students Table with FOREIGN KEYS:
Create Advisors Table:
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Create Classes Table:
Create Students_Classes Table:
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Sructured Query Language FOR DATA MANAGEMENT
Alter [Students_Classes] & [Students] Tables to assign Foreign Keys to them, which are PRIMARY
KEYS on the referenced tables. Once the relationships have been established, the ERD can be created
New DML script to add required constraints for GPA, Gender, and Assignments1 – Assignments4
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Sructured Query Language FOR DATA MANAGEMENT
New Database Diagram: ERD
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Sructured Query Language FOR DATA MANAGEMENT
Phase 2 – Security and DML
Carrying on from Phase 1 tasks of creating our university database, with the four tables of
Students, Advisors, Classes, and Students_Classes, Phase 2 calls for data to be inserted, deleted,
and updated. The INSERT statement has two ways to enter. The positional insert inserts
ordered values into a new row in the same order of the table columns. A named-column insert
names the exact column where each value’s inserted into a new row. Its good practice to use a
named-column insert, which allows your SQL code to work if the table’s columns are reordered
or a new column is added. You would use INSERT VALUES to specify column values, and
INSERT SELECT to insert rows from another table. Some DBMS don’t make it mandatory to
use the INTO keyword after the INSERT statement; however, you should use it for its portability
capabilities. (Fehily, 2008)
The UPDATE statement is used to change values in a table’s existing rows. You need to be very
cautious when using the update statement because if you forget to add the ‘WHERE’ clause, you will
update all rows instead of just your target rows. Remember that each updated value has to have the same
data type or be totally convertible to the same type as its column. (Fehily, 2008)
The DELETE statement is a little more powerful because its used to delete an entire row, not jjust
a column or columns. You can delete just one or all rows of a table, so be cautious with the delete
statement also. Without the WHERE clause, all table rows will be deleted. (Fehily, 2008)
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Sructured Query Language FOR DATA MANAGEMENT
Task 1
The first task was to insert data into four rows of the Classes table. The following SQL
code is what I used to accomplish the task, followed by the screenshot of the query being
executed successfully.
INSERT INTO [Cameron_CTU].[DBO].[Classes]
( [ClassCode], [ClassName], [Description] )
VALUES
( 'ACCT306', 'Accounting 1', 'This course introduces accounting concepts and
explores the accounting environment.
It covers the basic structure of accounting, how to maintain accounts, use
account balances to prepare financial
statements, and complete the accounting cycle. It also introduces the concept
of internal control and how to account for assets.' ),
( 'CS362', 'Structured Query Language for Data Management', 'This course
gives complete coverage of SQL, with an emphasis on storage,
retrieval, and manipulation of data.' ),
( 'ENGL115', 'English Composition', 'In this course, students focus on
developing writing skills through practice and revision.
Students will examine expository, critical, and persuasive essay techniques.'
),
( 'FIN322', 'Investments', 'This course focuses on investments and investment
strategies. Various investment vehicles such as stocks,
bonds, and commodities are examined. Students will explore the principles of
security analysis and valuation.' )
(Fehily, 2008)
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Sructured Query Language FOR DATA MANAGEMENT
Task 2
The second task was to insert data into three rows of the Advisors table. The following
SQL code is what I used to accomplish the task, followed by the screenshot of the query being
executed successfully.
INSERT INTO [dbo].[Advisors]
( [FirstName],
[LastName],
[EmailAddr] )
VALUES
( 'Fred', 'Stone', 'fred@college.edu' ),
( 'Bob', 'Gordon', 'bob@college.edu' ),
( 'Jack', 'Simpson', 'jack@college.edu')
(Fehily, 2008)
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Sructured Query Language FOR DATA MANAGEMENT
Task 3
The third task was to insert data into four rows of the Students table. The following SQL
code is what I used to accomplish the task, followed by the screenshot of the query being
executed successfully.
INSERT INTO [dbo].[Students]
( [FirstName],
[LastName],
[BirthDate],
[Gender],
[StartDate],
[GPA],
[IsActive],
[Bio],
[AdvisorID] )
VALUES
( 'Craig', 'Franklin', '1970-03-15', 'm', '2010-05-30', 3.10, 'Yes', '', 3 ),
( 'Harriet', 'Smith', '1982-04-15', 'f', '2010-05-30', 3.22, 'Yes', '', 1 ),
( 'George', 'David', '1984-11-05', 'm', '2010-10-01', 0.00, 'Yes', '', 3 ),
( 'Ben', 'Jefferson', '1976-09-25', 'm', '2009-02-21', 1.80, 'No', 'The student has
gone on temporary leave to pursue other opportunities but plans on returning in 1 year.',
3 )
(Fehily, 2008)
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Task 4
The fourth task was to delete the course named Investments from the system, and the following
SQL code is what I used to accomplish the task, followed by the screenshot of the query being executed
successfully.
DELETE FROM Classes
WHERE ClassID = 'FIN322';
(Fehily, 2008)
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Task 5
The fifth and final task called for changing 2 columns in a row on the Students table, and the
following SQL code is what I used to accomplish the task, followed by the screenshot of the query being
executed successfully.
UPDATE Students
SET BirthDate = '1982-04-25',
GPA = 3.25
WHERE StudentID = '2';
(Fehily, 2008)
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Sructured Query Language FOR DATA MANAGEMENT
Phase 3 - DML (Select) and Procedures
Phase 3 has seven tasks that call for retrieving data using the SELECT and FROM
Statements. The SELECT clause calls for which column or columns to display, and the FROM
clause identifies the table or tables the columns belong to. You can also use the AS clause in
order to create column aliases, which I’ll go over in the last few tasks. You can also sort rows
with the ORDER BY clause, which I’ll also hit on in the tasks. The WHERE clause filters
unwanted rows. Without it, you results would be every row on your queried table. Some other
statement clauses include AND, OR, ORDER BY GROUP BY, JOIN. There are two types of
JOIN clauses. They are Implicit and explicit. Implicit is used a lot, and you may not even
realize your using it because there is no actual JOIN clause with JOIN in it; its implied when
you’re querying more than one table. Lets get started with the tasks now, shall we?
(Fehily, 2008) The first thing I’m going to do is fix my SQL statement in the Phase 2 section,
Task 5. I fixed it by using StudentID in the SELECT clause.
Task 1
The first task calls for a list of all active male students assigned to Advisors 1 or 3.
So, we want to query the Advisor. Advisor ID, FirstName and LastName columns along with
theStudents.AdvisorID, FirstName, LastName, Birthdate, Gender, and GPA columns of the
Students and Advisors tables. We use an implicit JOIN with the WHERE clause to JOIN the two
tables of Student.AdvisorID and Advisor.AdvisorId together. Below, you’ll find the SQL
Statement I used to retrieve the required data, and screenshot that shows a successful query.
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Sructured Query Language FOR DATA MANAGEMENT
SELECT Gender, IsActive, AdvisorID
FROM
Cameron_CTU.dbo.Students
WHERE Gender = 'm'
AND IsActive = 'yes'
AND AdvisorID IN (1,3)
Task 2
The second task asks for a list of students without a biography. Here’s the SQL
Statement I used, and screenshot that shows a successful query.
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Sructured Query Language FOR DATA MANAGEMENT
Task 3
Task 3 is a very simple statement asking what classes are in the English Department. This
SQL statement involves a wild card just after the L in the word “English”. The SQL statement
and its associated screenshot are below.
SELECT ClassCode, ClassName
FROM
Cameron_CTU.dbo.Classes
WHERE ClassName LIKE 'ENGL%'
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Sructured Query Language FOR DATA MANAGEMENT
Task 4
Task 4 calls for a list of all students and their advisors, and sorted by Advisors, and a few
columns from the Students table
SELECT A.AdvisorID, A.FirstName, A.LastName,
S.AdvisorID, S.FirstName, S.LastName,BirthDate, Gender, GPA
FROM Cameron_CTU.dbo.Students S, Cameron_CTU.dbo.Advisors A
WHERE S.AdvisorID = A.AdvisorID
ORDER BY A.LastName, S.LastName ASC;
SELECT A.CustomerID, A.FirstName, A.LastName,
S.AdvisorID, S.FirstName, S.LastName,BirthDate, Gender, GPA
FROM Cameron_CTU.dbo.Students S, Cameron_CTU.dbo.Advisors A
WHERE S.AdvisorID = A.AdvisorID
ORDER BY A.LastName, S.LastName ASC;
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Sructured Query Language FOR DATA MANAGEMENT
Task 5
The fifth task calls for the number of students born in the 80s. Below, you’ll find the
SQL Statement I used to retrieve the required data, and screenshot that shows a successful query.
SELECT COUNT (StudentID) as Students_born_in_the_80s
FROM Cameron_CTU.dbo.Students
WHERE BirthDate between '1980-01-1' AND '1989-12-31';
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Task 6
Task 6 wanted to know the average GPA score sorted by men and women. Here is the
SQL code and screenshot.
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Task 7
Task 7 is looking for all of the advisors with only 1 student. Here’s the SQL code and
screenshot.
SELECT A.firstname, A.LastName,
COUNT (A.AdvisorID) AS Total_Active_Students
FROM Cameron_CTU.dbo.Students S,
Cameron_CTU.dbo.Advisors A
WHERE A.AdvisorID = S.AdvisorID AND S.IsActive = 'yes'
GROUP BY A.FirstName, A.LastName
HAVING COUNT (S.StudentID) = '1';
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Phase 4 – Architecture, Indexes
Phase 4 calls for a way to track classes required for degrees, and which degree students
are pursuing. We were given the task of creating a table for tracking degrees with Degree Name
and Degree Description. However, the best way to track the classes required for degrees is to
create a table labeled ‘Degrees’ with columns labeled ‘DegreeID’, ‘DegreeName’ and
‘DegreeDescription’, and ‘DegreeCode’. Also adding a column to the ‘Classes’ table, labeled
DegreeID will help link the ‘Degrees’ and ‘Classes’ tables. After the tables have been created,
I’ll need to test the architecture to ensure it can render the results I’m looking for in queries.
(Fehily, 2008)
However, I just received my grade for my Phase 1 IP with identified errors. See Phase 1 section
for fixed errors. The errors that need corrected are:
- Considerations regarding my data types and field lengths: FirstName and LastName too long
- Fix constraints for assignments 1 through 4 to ensure only 0-100 can be input.
- Fix GPA Constraint to ensure input of only 0.00 – 4.00, and permit only 3 total digits after
decimal.
- Constrain ‘Gender’ to either M or F, and IsActive to either Yes or No.
Step 1: CREATE TABLE [Degrees]
I’ll start by creating the table, ‘Degrees’ with the following DDL script, followed by a
screenshot of the query being completed successfully, and the table structure that displays the
table columns to include the PRIMARY KEY, ‘DergeeID’.
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Sructured Query Language FOR DATA MANAGEMENT
USE [Cameron_CTU]
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Degrees]
(
[DegreeID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
[DegreeName] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,
[DegreeDescription] [varchar](1000) NOT NULL,
[DegreeCode] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,
)
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Sructured Query Language FOR DATA MANAGEMENT
Step 2: Re-create ‘Classes’ TABLE to add ‘DegreeID’ column and INSERT 6 classes
The next step is to delete and re-create the ‘Classes’ table, and ensure that the
‘DegreeID’ column is included in the creation, and made a FOREIGN KEY. Also, ensure you
re-insert the original 3 classes, and add 3 new classes into the ‘Classes’ table required by
different degrees. And since you’ve re-created the ‘Classes’ table with ‘DegreeID’ as a
FOREIGN KEY, make sure you add it to the INSERT INTO DDL script or you’ll receive an
error regarding the ‘DegreeID’ column. Below are the following DDL scripts, followed by a
screenshot of the queries being completed successfully, and the table structure that displays the
table columns with ‘DegreeID’ as a FOREIGN KEY, and the query results of the SELECT *
FROM Classes query.
USE [Cameron_CTU]
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
SET ANSI_PADDING ON
GO
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Classes]
(
[ClassID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
[DegreeID] [int] NOT NULL,
[ClassCode] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,
[ClassName] [varchar](100) NOT NULL,
[Description] [varchar](1000) NOT NULL,
)
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Classes]
ADD FOREIGN KEY([DegreeID])
REFERENCES [dbo].[Degrees]([DegreeID])
GO
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INSERT INTO [Cameron_CTU].[DBO].[Classes]
( [DegreeID], [ClassCode], [ClassName], [Description] )
VALUES
( '4', 'ACCT306', 'Accounting 1', 'This course introduces accounting concepts and
explores the accounting environment. It covers the basic structure of accounting, how to maintain
accounts, use account balances to prepare financial statements, and complete the
accounting cycle. It also introduces the concept of internal control and how to account for assets.' ),
( '5', 'CS362', 'Structured Query Language for Data Management', 'This course gives
complete coverage of SQL, with an emphasis on storage, retrieval, and manipulation of data.' ),
( '3', 'ENGL115', 'English Composition', 'In this course, students focus on developing
writing skills through practice and revision. Students will examine expository, critical, and persuasive
essay techniques.' ),
( '3', 'BHVS205', 'Managerial Psychology', 'This course introduces Psyhology concepts
that will serve as the foundation to other concepts, such as Motivation and Emotion and Interpersonal
Communications and Dynamics.' ),
( '4', 'CSS150', 'Introduction to Computer Security', 'This course covers Computer
Security Principles, such as Policy letters, Remote Logins, and Network Security.' ),
( '5', 'CS126', 'UNIX Fundamentals', 'This course teaches you thed origins of the UNIX
Operating System, and teaches you how to build directories.' )
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Sructured Query Language FOR DATA MANAGEMENT
Step 3: ALTER TABLE [Students]
As the paragraph title implies, the next step is to add the ‘DegreeID’ column to the
‘Students’ table, and make it a FOREIGN KEY. Below is the following DDL script used to add
the column, and make it a FOREIGN KEY, and the screenshot of the successful command.
USE [Cameron_CTU]
GO
ALTER TABLE Students
ADD DegreeID [int] NOT NULL
GO
ALTER TABLE Students
ADD FOREIGN KEY (DegreeID)
REFERENCES Degrees(DegreeID)
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Step 4: DML script to insert 3 test records in [Degrees]
The next step is to insert degree data into the ‘Degrees’ table. Below is the DML script
used, and a screenshot of the successful command along with an inset of the results for a
SELECT * FROM Degrees statement.
INSERT INTO [Cameron_CTU].[DBO].[Degrees]
( [DegreeCode], [DegreeName], [DegreeDescription] )
VALUES
( 'BSIP', 'Bachelor of Science in Psychology', 'The Bachelor’s degree in General
Psychology is designed to prepare students to successfully navigate in the 21st century
workplace, in a variety of careers that focus on the business of people, including but
not limited to work in management, administration, research, and sales. It is positioned
to provide an overview of the major psychological concepts, perspectives, and skills that
explain human behavior. ' ),
( 'BSIS', 'Bachelor of Science in Information Security', 'The Bachelors of Science in
Information Assurance and Security degree allows undergraduate learners to acquire and
apply various processes, tools, technologies, and methods of securing an enterprise;
including security policies, social engineering, access control, authentication,
perimeter security, disaster recovery and business continuity, risk management, incident
response, viruses, malware, spam, encryption, and other infrastructure security
techniques that include governance and strategic alignment of IT and business. ' ),
( 'BSIT', 'Bachelor of Science in Information Technology', 'The Bachelor of Science in
Information Technology (BSIT) curriculum includes both a common core, as well as
specialization-specific courses. The BSIT core provides a strong foundation in the key
information technology areas of programming, systems administration, security,
architecture, databases, and ethics.' )
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Step 5: DML script to INSERT INTO the ‘Students’ table ‘DegreeID’ data
The next step is to add the ‘DegreeID’ to 4 records applicable to each of the 4 students.
Below is the DML script used to execute the command and a screenshot showing it was
successful.
INSERT INTO [Cameron_CTU].[dbo].[Students]
( [FirstName],
[LastName],
[BirthDate],
[Gender],
[StartDate],
[GPA],
[IsActive],
[Bio],
[AdvisorID],
[DegreeID] )
VALUES
( 'Craig', 'Franklin', '1970-03-15', 'm', '2010-05-30', 3.10, 'Yes', NULL, 3, 3 ),
( 'Harriet', 'Smith', '1982-04-15', 'f', '2010-05-30', 3.22, 'Yes', NULL, 1, 4 ),
( 'George', 'David', '1984-11-05', 'm', '2010-10-01', 0.00, 'Yes', NULL, 3, 5 ),
( 'Ben', 'Jefferson', '1976-09-25', 'm', '2009-02-21', 1.80, 'No', 'The student has
gone on temporary leave to pursue other opportunities but plans on returning in 1
year.', 3, 3 )
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The last step is to execute a SELECT statement with an implicit JOIN clause to show
what degree each student is pursuing.
USE Cameron_CTU
SELECT FirstName, LastName, Students.DegreeID, Degrees.DegreeName
FROM Cameron_CTU.dbo.Students, Cameron_CTU.dbo.Degrees
WHERE Students.DegreeID = Degrees.DegreeID;
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Step 6: Display ERD
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Phase 5 – Views, Transactions, Testing and Performance
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Sructured Query Language FOR DATA MANAGEMENT
References
Fehily, C. (2008) Visual QuickStart Guide SQL, Third Edition, [CourseSmart e-Book reader
version] Retrieved from http://wow.coursesmart.com/9781256745129/firstsection
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