Telecommunications, the Internet,
Intranets, and Extranets
Chapter 4
Fundamentals of Information
Systems, Second Edition
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Principles and Learning Objectives
• The effective use of telecommunications and
networks can turn a company into an agile,
powerful, and creative organization, giving it a
long-term competitive advantage.
– Define the term telecommunications and identify and
describe the function of the components of a
telecommunications system.
– Identify and briefly describe three basic data
processing strategies, including their advantages and
disadvantages.
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Systems, Second Edition
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Principles and Learning Objectives
• The Internet is like many other technologies - it
provides a wide range of services, some of
which are effective and practical for use today;
others are still evolving, and still others will fade
away from lack of use.
– Briefly describe how the Internet works, including
alternatives for connecting to it and the role of Internet
service providers.
– Identify and briefly describe common Internet
services.
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Systems, Second Edition
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Principles and Learning Objectives
• Originally developed as a documentmanagement system, the World Wide Web is a
menu-based system that is easy to use for
personal and business applications.
– Describe the World Wide Web and the way it works,
including the use of Web browsers, search engines,
Java, and other Web tools.
– Define the terms intranet and extranet and discuss
how organizations are using them.
– Identify several control and management issues
associated with the use of networks.
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Systems, Second Edition
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Elements of a Telecommunications
System
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Media Types
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Common Wiring and Cabling Types
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Common Telecommunications Devices
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Carriers and Services
• Common carriers
• Switched lines
• Digital subscriber lines (DSL)
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Costs, Advantages, and Disadvantages of
Several Line and Service Types
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Networks and Distributed Processing
• Computer network - communications media, devices, and software
needed to connect two or more computer systems.
• Centralized processing - processing occurs in a single location or
facility.
• Decentralized processing - processing devices are placed at
various locations.
• Distributed processing - computers are placed at remote locations
but are connected to each other via telecommunications devices.
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Terminal-to-Host Connection
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File Server Connection
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Client/Server Connection
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A Typical LAN
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A Wide Area Network
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Connecting Computing Devices Using a Home
Network
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Communications Software and
Protocols
• Communications software - provides a number of
important functions in a network
• Network operating system - controls the computer
systems and devices on a network and allows them to
communicate with each other
• Network management software - a manager can
monitor the use of individual computers and shared
hardware
• Communications protocol - rules and standards that
make communications possible
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Common Communications Protocols
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Use and Functioning of the
Internet
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U.S. Internet Usage by Age, Gender,
Region, and Income
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Routing Messages Over the Internet
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How the Internet Works
• Internet Protocol (IP)
• Transport Control Protocol
• Uniform Resource Locator
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U.S. Top-Level Domain Affiliations
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Three Ways to Access the Internet
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A Representative List of Internet Service
Providers
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Internet and
Telecommunications Services
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Summary of Internet Services
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Common Abbreviations Used in Personal
E-Mail
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Two Approaches to Electronic Data
Interchange
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Public Network and Specialized Services
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The World Wide Web
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The World Wide Web
An Internet service comprising tens of thousands
of independently owned computers that work
together as one.
– Home page
– Hypermedia
– Hypertext markup language (HTML)
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Several Interesting Web Sites
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Sample HTML
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Search Engine
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Web Page Providing Java Applets
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Intranets and Extranets
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Intranets and Extranets
• Intranet – an internal corporate network built using
Internet and WWW standards and products
• Extranet - a network that links selected resources of the
intranet of a company with its customers, suppliers, or
other business partners
• Virtual private network - a secure connection between
two points across the Internet
• Firewall - a device that sits between your internal
network and the outside Internet
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Summary of Internet, Intranet, and
Extranet Users
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Virtual Private Network
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Net Issues
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Privacy and Security
•
•
•
•
Cookie
Cryptography
Encryption
Digital Signature
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Cryptography
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Summary
• Networks - used to share hardware, programs,
and databases across the organization.
• Internet - transmits data from one computer
(called a host) to another.
• The Web - a collection of tens of thousands of
independently owned computers that work
together as one in an Internet service.
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