Define these terms using your
Textbook or other reference Book
Hypothesis
Replication
Sample Size
Control
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
Scientific Method
What is it
History
Plato and Aristotle
Philosophers who first
questioned what is physical
and metaphysical.
But there was no way to
prove, only thinking was
involved.
Far East
Abu Ali al-Hasah
Not quite Science but
a good start.
We must question
what is in the world
(Paraphrase) AND
educate others in what
we find to be true.
Galileo Galilie
Created a system to
prove if what was said
was really true.
(First form of Scientific
method, you must ask
a question, observe,
and draw a
conclusion.)
What is the Scientific
Method
Problem
Question
Research/Observation
Hypothesis
Experiment
Analysis
Conclusion
Peer Review
Observation
Any uses of the senses to gather information.
Problem
Without observing something wrong or different
we would never arrive at this point.
Hypothesis
A possible explanation or answer to a question.
We us If,then format…
Ex. If I leave milk out on the counter all
weekend, then it will become sour due to
bacterial growth.
Test the Hypothesis
The only way to find if a hypothesis is valid is to
test it.
Ex. Leave milk on counter at Room
Temperature and Test bacterial growth using
an agar plate.
(Make sure to have independent dependent, and control
samples)
Independent Variable
What I change in an experiment
Ex. The milk is moved to a ROOM
TEMPERATURE location.
Dependent Variable
What is observed
Ex. Bacterial Growth
Indicates a result
Control
What stays the same
A Control Group is different.
Ex. Milk that has been left in the fridge like
normal.
Gather Data
Remember we gather empirical Data
ALWAYS USE A GRAPH
Dependent Variables- y axis
Independent Variables- x axis
Graphing Independent and
Dependent Variables
Drawing a conclusion
Using your data you declare if your hypothesis was valid or
invalid.
We do not say Correct or Incorrect, Right or Wrong, We
say False (your hypothesis was proven incorrect),or Not False (your hypothesis was
proven valid)
.
Ex. My hypothesis that milk left on the counter for two days
will grow more than that left in the fridge was proven not
false.
PEER REVIEW
Data is tested by other sciences.
We are always trying to prove the other person
wrong. In seeking truth.
Peer Review is being reviewed by your peers,
those who you come into contact with that have
similar interests and backgrounds. I.E. Biologist
will review another Biologists work.
Replication
This causes less variability and higher
Accuracy
For the science fair a minimum of 10-15 trials is
expected for Mr. Zirbel’s Class.
Mythbusters