A&P Winter Final Study Guide
You are responsible for knowing all the information in this study guide as well as reviewing color coding
worksheets, labs and all notes from this semester. By completing this study guide in writing (NOT TYPED) you
may earn up to 10% bonus on your final exam score. You may use 1 page of notes (1 side only) handwritten
only on the test.
Intro & Anatomical Terminology
Be able to explain and identify the following terms in writing and on a diagram.
Regional Terms:
1. Acromial
9. Olecranal
Directional Terms:
2. Antebrachial
10. Orbital
17. Anterior
3. Antecubital
11. otic
18. Inferior
4. Cervical
12. Palmar
19. Posterior
5. Femoral
13. Patellar
20. superior
6. Frontal
14. Pedal
21. distal
7. Gluteal
15. Popliteal
22. lateral
8. Lumbar
16. Vertebral
23. proximal
Planes/Sections
24. transverse
25. frontal
26. sagittal
27. median
(midsaggital)
Concepts:
1. What is homeostasis? Be able to give an example.
2. What are the major cavities of the dorsal and ventral body cavities? Where are they located?
Organic Compounds:
1. What are the 4 major classes of organic compounds? Be able to describe the role they play in living organisms and
give an example of each.
2. What is the difference between organic and inorganic?
Cells, Tissues, & Osmosis:
1. Be able to describe the difference between hypertonic, hypotonic and isotonic solutions including what happens in
each circumstance.
2. Be able to describe the structure, function and location of the major epithelial (simple squamous, stratified
squamous, simple columnar, simple cuboidal), connective (areolar, adipose, dense fibrous, bone cartilage, blood
hemopoeitic), muscle (skeletal/striated voluntary, cardiac/striated involuntary, smooth/nonstriated involuntary) and
nervous tissues.
3. Be able to identify these tissues in a diagram.
Cell Cycle & Integumentary System
Be able to explain and identify the following terms in writing and/or on a diagram.
1. Oncogene
5. Mitosis
10. Cytokinesis
15. Nociceptor
2. protooncogene
6. Prophase
11. Apoptosis
16. Mechanoreceptor
3. Malignant
7. Anaphase
12. Chromosome
17. Melanocytes
4. Tumor suppressor
8. Metaphase
13. Daughter cell
18.
gene
9. Telophase
14. Thermoreceptor
19. What is mitosis? How is it related to growth of an organism?
20. How is mitosis related to cancer?
21. Be able to describe the types, structure, function and location of synovial, cutaneous and serous membranes.
22. Be able to describe how the Cell Cycle and mitosis are related to cancer-(Evidence/Claims/Notes from How Cancer
Works Videos, Virtual Lab)
23. Review Skin Cancer & Integumentary System Coloring Pages, Effects of Tanning & Sun on Skin Cancer
24. Integumentary System (Vocab, Notes)
25. Know the 3 main layers of skin and tissue types of each.
26. Know what happens in each of these layers (major structures)
27. Be able to discuss function of each layer of epidermis. (CLGSB)
28. Thermoregulation in the body and the Effect of Ecstasy on this process.
Skeletal System
Be able to explain and identify the following terms in writing and/or on a diagram.
1. Fibula
18. Ribs
31. Lumbar
2. Cranium
19. Radius
vertebrae
3. Tibia
20. Frontal
32. Sacrum
4. Mandible
21. Mandible
33. Coccyx
5. Metacarpals
22. Zygomatic
34. Foramen
6. Patella
23. Maxilla
35. Epiphyseal Line
7. Clavicle
24. Coronal suture
36. Spongy Bone/
8. Pelvic Girdle
25. Parietal
trabecular bone
9. Femur
26. Occipital
37. Periosteum
10. Tarsals
27. Nasal
38. Articular
11. Scapula
28. Pelvis
Cartilage
12. Phalanges
29. Cervical
39. Hyaline
13. Metatarsals
vertebrae (atlas
Cartilage
14. Sternum
& axis)
40. Medullary
15. Carpals
30. Thoracic
Cavity
16. Humerus
vertebrae
41. Epiphysis
17. Ulna
42. Diaphysis
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
Haversian Canal
Canaliculi
Hematoma
Compact/dense
bone
Enchondral
ossification
PTH
Calcitonin
Thyroid
Inhibit
Deposition
Absorption
Know the basic differences between a male and female pelvis.
Be able to describe how bone forms from cartilage.
Be able to identify and explain the basic internal anatomy of the bone.
Know the reasons for bone’s strength.
Distinguish between function and location of red and yellow marrow.
Be able to give examples of flat, sesamoid, long , short and irregular bones.
Be able to explain the functions of the skeletal system.
Know how the skeletal system maintains bone including the function of osteoblasts, osteoclasts and osteocytes.
Know the major types of joints.
Be able to explain the risk factors for osteoporosis.
Review your Skeletal System Stations Lab.
Explain the importance of calcium in the blood and what happens in the body to maintain Calcium Homeostasis.
(review the diagram in your notes)