CLOUD COMPUTING: LOOKING FORWARD TO CLOUDY DAYS IN EDUCATION Wayne Pauley April 2011 EMC EDUCATION SERVICES Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. The Big Switch “We will probably see the spread of ‘computer utilities’ which like present electric and telephone utilities, will service individual homes and offices across the country” Kleinrock, 1969 “Goodbye ‘World Wide Web.’ Hello ‘World Wide Computer’ ” Carr, 2008 Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Virtualized Data Center and Cloud Introduction 2 Advancements in Information Technology PC/ Microprocessor Mainframe Mini Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Networked/ Distributed Computing Next… Cloud Computing Virtualized Data Center and Cloud Introduction 3 Business Drivers and IT Challenges • “70% of the budget to keep IT running, 30% available to create new value” IT Challenges “…that needs to be inverted” Globalization • Weeks of planning, justification, and deployment and then Aging data centers we’re stuck with it for 5 years – even if our needs change in a month…” Storage growth Application explosion “…or we could just buy it as a service – right now” • “Most of our legacy applications are stable and predictable” Cost of ownership “…we need to incrementally improve efficiency without disruption” Security Complexity • “but, new, more dynamic and fluid approaches to IT must also Acquisitions Time to Market Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. be leveraged for new applications and changing legacy applications” “…new, revolutionary IT models are essential as well” Virtualized Data Center and Cloud Introduction 4 Data is Growing Exponentially 2009 0.8 Zettabytes Growing by a Factor of 44 • Shift towards user created, unstructured data changes storage needs Secondary storage is the new primary storage • File-based storage raises major management issue 2020 35.2 Zettabytes Online ingest of and access to large volumes of content Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Source: IDC Digital Universe Study, sponsored by EMC, May 2010 :Virtualized Data Center and Cloud Introduction 5 Top Threats in the Cloud • Abuse and nefarious use of Cloud computing • • • • • • Insecure interface and APIs Malicious insiders Share technology issues Data loss or leakage Account or service hijacking Unknown risk profile Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. • • • • • • Loss of governance Lock-in Isolation failure Compliance risks Data protection Insecure or incomplete data deletion • Malicious insider Governance, Risk and Compliance 6 Why GRC & Security is Important Consequences • Risk of fines for failed audits TJX – total cost > $1b for breach Heartland – estimated at more than $140m • Compliance concerns stall • Breach • Regulation • Other? Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. virtualization and Cloud • Audits time consuming and costly • Concerns of identifying risk and proper valuation Governance, Risk and Compliance 7 Virtual Data Center Business Drivers & Benefits • Application level business continuity Simplify and improve disaster recovery process Ensure important applications receive resources required to meet business needs • Improved productivity, operational flexibility, and increased availability Optimize resources - consolidate of servers, storage, and fabrics Reduce hardware, power, cooling and space requirements Reallocate resources with no downtime Quickly and easily provision new servers • Secure desktops Centralized management Patch gold copies once, with automated roll-out Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Virtualized Data Center and Cloud Introduction 8 Virtualization to Cloud Evolution Focus Virtualize Operationalize IT-as-a-Service Cost Efficiency Quality of Service Business Agility IT IT/LOB CIO Ownership/ sponsorship CAPEX OPEX Business Value Key Capabilities Approach • Shared resource pools • Elastic capacity Reactive CAPEX OPEX Availability Responsiveness • Zero-touch infrastructure • Increased control and service assurance Selective Key Benefits Reduced cost and complexity Increased availability, flexibility & responsiveness Characteristics • Automation • Efficiency • Integration of the virtualization platform and the information infrastructure • On-demand • Service Level Management • Increased range of capability: availability, security, etc. Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. CAPEX OPEX Availability Responsiveness Compliance Time-to-market • Service definition • Self-service • Chargeback Proactive IT as a business asset • Metering / charge-back • Federation of resources • Geographically independent Virtualized Data Center and Cloud Introduction 9 Benefits of Cloud • IT provisioning in minutes instead of weeks • Application development, testing, and QA are flexible and self• • • • service enabled Relocation from test and development to production is predictable and seamless Resources scale fluidly to meet growing or reduced need Service level easily adjusted after the fact Resources granularly metered to optimize utilization and cost IT has more time to focus on the strategic; the LOB has more time to focus on the business Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Virtualized Data Center and Cloud Introduction 10 Service Models Type Co-location (Colo) Managed Service(s) Provider (MSP) Cloud Description Examples • Power, pipe, ping, and physical security • Customer owns HW/SW • Navisite • Internap • ColoSpace • Manages facets of IT systems • On-premise or off-premise • mindShift Technologies • Appia Communications • ThePlanet.com • IaaS - IBM Cloudburst, Amazon • Self-service Internet served Web Services, Microsoft Azure computing • PaaS – Google App Engine, • Shared resources (multi-tenant) Force.com, VMforce • Pay-for-what-you-use charge model • SaaS – Salesforce.com, NetSuite, Microsoft Office 365 Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Virtualized Data Center and Cloud Introduction 11 Cloud Computing Definition Cloud Tenets Service Models • Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) • Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) • Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) Deployment Models • Private Cloud • Public Cloud • Hybrid Cloud http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/drafts/800-145/Draft-SP-800-145_Cloud-definition.pdf Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Virtualized Data Center and Cloud Introduction 12 Rapid Elasticity Definition Capabilities can be rapidly and elastically provisioned, in some cases automatically, to quickly scale out and rapidly released to quickly scale in. NIST • Capacity can be scaled up, down, in, or out dynamically • Scaling is immediate • Licensing is also built to scale • Underlying hardware can be anywhere geographically Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Virtualized Data Center and Cloud Introduction 13 Measured Service Definition Cloud systems automatically control and optimize resource use by leveraging a metering capability at some level of abstraction appropriate to the type of service (e.g., storage, processing, bandwidth, and active user accounts). Resource usage can be monitored, controlled, and reported providing transparency for both the provider and consumer of the utilized service. NIST Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. • Infrastructure operational costs incurred on a pay-peruse basis • Contractual obligations tied to price tiering No obligation has the highest price Virtualized Data Center and Cloud Introduction 14 Broad Network Access Definition Capabilities are available over the network and accessed through standard mechanisms that promote use by heterogeneous thin or thick client platforms (e.g., mobile phones, laptops, and PDAs). NIST • Network is essential to consume the service • Endpoints can be of any type: Smartphone, tablet, notebook, laptop, desktop, server, other applications Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Virtualized Data Center and Cloud Introduction 15 Resource Pooling Definition The provider’s computing resources are pooled to serve multiple consumers using a multi-tenant model, with different physical and virtual resources dynamically assigned and reassigned according to consumer demand. NIST Shared Resources • Infrastructure and services run on shared physical devices (e.g., multi-tenant) Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Virtualized Data Center and Cloud Introduction 16 On-Demand Self-Service Definition A consumer can unilaterally provision computing capabilities, such as server time and network storage, as needed automatically without requiring human interaction with each service’s provider. NIST • On-Demand Customers incur no infrastructure capital costs and are charged an Operational Expense (OPEX) Workload forecasting unnecessary Demand trends are predicted managed by the provider The underlying hardware may be anywhere geographically • Self-service Resources directly/indirectly reserved by the customer via a web based portal and appropriate APIs Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Virtualized Data Center and Cloud Introduction 17 Cloud Service Models Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Cloud Services 18 Cloud Service Models Service Model Description Examples SaaS Consumer can use the provider’s applications running on a Cloud infrastructure. The consumer does not manage or control the underlying Cloud infrastructure. Mozy, Zimbra, Salesforce.com, Intuit, Microsoft, Google Apps, Concur, Zoho, Cisco Webex PaaS Consumer deploys on the Cloud infrastructure applications that they have created or purchased applications using programming languages and tools supported by the provider. SpringSource, Google App Engine, Force.com, Windows Azure, Appistry, Engine Yard, Flexiscale, Bungee Connect, Longjump IaaS Consumer provisions processing, storage, networks, and other fundamental computing resources where the consumer is able to deploy and run arbitrary software, which can include operating systems and applications. EMC, VMware, Cisco, Amazon Web Services, Terremark, Savvis, Rackspace, AT&T, Verizon Business, BT, IBM, HP, CSC Sources: IDC 213197, 215504, 217579, 217945, 218252, 218938; Gartner 166525; the451Group Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Virtualized Data Center and Cloud Introduction 19 Examples of Cloud Eco-systems • Microsoft • Google Apps Components - Hyper-V & .NET SaaS - Office 365 PaaS - Azure IaaS - Azure • Amazon Web Services (IaaS) Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) • • • SaaS - Gmail • SaaS - Docs • PaaS - Apps Marketplace • PaaS - Development IBM Cloud Burst Enterprise (IaaS) CloudFront Terremark SimpleDB SAVVIS Simple Queue Service (SQS) SunGard Simple Storage Service (S3) Rackspace Elastic Block Storage (EBS) Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Virtualized Data Center and Cloud Introduction 20 Cloud Deployment Models Cloud Service Provider Enterprise X Dedicated for Enterprise X Enterprise P Enterprise Q Cloud Service Provider Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Virtualized Data Center and Cloud Introduction 21 Data Center Evolution Data Center to VDC (short term) VDC to Cloud (long term) • Compute: Automated VM restart, resource pooling • Network: 10 GbE • Storage: Virtual provisioning and storage tiering • Applications: Migrating/re-working applications • Network: WAN technologies, rapid elasticity • Storage: Erasure coding, rapid elasticity • Applications: Multi-tenancy, eventual consistency VDC (mid term) • • • • Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Compute: Elastic Network: Unified fabric Storage: Storage resource pools Applications: Clustering and scaling Designing for Virtualized and Cloud Environments 22 Concepts in Practice: Scenario Disruptive Relocation Across Sites Key Challenges: • Improve resource utilization across sites • Eliminate service outages associated with VM migrations between sites MS Exchange MS Exchange MS Exchange MS Exchange Offline vMotion Synchronous Distance 100 Kms SharePoint 2007 SharePoint 2007 Stretched VLANs VMFS Volumes VMFS Volumes Symmetrix VNX Third-Party Symmetrix VNX Third-Party OTV Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Virtual Data Center Architecture 23 Disaster Recovery: Fault Resilience, Multi-Site Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Virtual Data Center Architecture 24 Evolution of IT Roles Imperative: Business and financial management New focus area: Cloud service Operations management IT Service Management Software-as-aService New roles emerging: • Cloud Architect • Cloud Admin • Cloud Capacity Planner • IT Automation Engineer Traditional roles still essential Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Platform-as-aService Infrastructure-as-aService Virtual Infrastructure Management Virtual Infrastructure Architecture Systems Storage Backup and Recovery Data Center Networks Security Virtualized Data Center and Cloud Introduction 25 Using Hadoop to Handle Big Data • Open source software • Hadoop’s HDFS can store massive amounts of data Scales up incrementally Work coordinated among clusters of systems Data distributed among multiple nodes within the cluster Data analysis achieved by parallel processing across all the nodes Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Virtual Data Center Architecture 26 Analysis Using Dimensions Business Transformation Compute, Resiliency Storage Network Security and GRC Management Data Center Clients ‘’s Phased Approach Near-Term (Data Center to VDC) Mid-Term (VDC) • Automated workflows • Reduced workplace footprint (physical space) • Improved efficiency (reaching 100% utilization) • Capacity planning transformation • Default to virtualized • Automated VM restart • Cross-site disaster recovery • Machine Check Architecture Recovery • • • • • • • • Storage resource pools and quality of service • Incremental forever backups and recovery • * full storage virtualization Thin-provisioning Data deduplication Continuous data protection Consolidated backup and restore Storage tiering 10 GbE Distributed virtual switch • Non-production VMs in DMZ • Default to DLP and SSO • Event and access monitoring • Infrastructure inventory and health • Basic business intelligence (capitalization, performance, and health) • Automated patch/provision • Cost savings from better utilization, consolidation, reduction • Desktop virtualization, backup • Mobile business PCs plus handhelds Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. • Unified fabric (compute, storage) • Secure live VM migration • VM isolation Long-Term (VDC to Cloud) • • • • • IT-as-a-Service (ITaaS) On-demand self-service Measured services Trusted VMs Near-native virtualization performance • Solid-state data center • Rapid elasticity • 40 GbE • Rapid Elasticity • Public Cloud federation • * Support Cloud-bursting • Pervasive encryption • Auto end-to-end life cycle management • Cloud brokerage and federation • Private-public Cloud live migration • Cross-platform power and data center management • Near-linear power scaling • Power usage effectiveness improvements • Expanded small form-factor support • Client-aware services Designing for Virtualized and Cloud Environments 27 EMC’s IT Phased Approach 2011 2012 VDI Client User Interface Cloud Mobile App Access Info Services Tiered Shared Virtualized Clusters Storage Tiered Shared Virtualized Storage Data Center Networks Data Center Ethernet Management & Automation Security Mobility Integration Cloud Next Generation Business Systems (ERP, CRM) Unified User Experience Development Cloud Application Mobility Application Cloud eBusiness Enterprise Social Media Role-based Access BIaaS Predictive Analytics Information Governance Knowledge Management Enterprise Content Mgmt Master Data Management Collaboration as a Service Systems BRS BYOC Choice Computing Next Generation Online Experience Apps 2013+ Intra-Datacenter VM Mobility Intra-Datacenter Storage Mobility Multi-hop FCoE Source and Target De-Dupe Integrated Management Solutions (virtual) Point based solutions eGRC Framework Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Inter-Datacenter VM Mobility VM Federation In Partner Datacenters Inter-Datacenter Storage Availability Storage Federation In Partner Datacenters Datacenter Bridging Archive De-Dupe IT Automation Framework Policy based Decisions Automation Orchestration Auditing/ Compliance Framework Embedded Data Protection Intelligent Policy Based Resource Automation Policy based Enforcement Automated Policy Enforcement Designing for Virtualized and Cloud Environments 28 Applications: Migrating to the Cloud Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Designing for Virtualized and Cloud Environments 29 Open Stack Cloud Initiative • Open source, open standards based Cloud • Includes compute and storage • Key members include: Rackspace NASA Citrix Dell • Compute based on XEN and KVM • Storage is software that is also object based Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Governance, Risk and Compliance 30 Datacenter Evolution • Dedicated servers • DAS & small SANs • Tape backup • Monolithic apps • Virtualized dedicated servers • Tiered SANs • Disk-based backup • Monolithic apps Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. • Tiered, virtualized app hosting platform • De-duplicated backup • Enterprise services • 100% virtualized • X86 architecture • SAN driven replication architectures Summary 31 Service Management Customer Portal Knowledge Bank Issues & Requests Service Catalog Approvals Reporting Service Desk Incident Management Service Level Agreements Problem Management Request Fulfillment Change & Release Management Federated CMDB Events API’s Tools Infrastructure Layer Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Discovery Provisioning and Automation Protocol Tools Cloud Services Layer VDC Layer Managing Virtualized Environments 32 A Before View: Traditional Development Environment Dev Server Windows or Linux QA/Test Production Customer • Developer Writes code on workstation in an individual development environment (IDE , ex .NET, Java, or Python) Pushes code to Development Server Code runs through a successful build EXE is sent to QA/Test When passes QA/Test, application is moved to production environment Infrastructure belongs to the department Even engineering is silo’d • Customer uses production image • All infrastructure is “silo’d” Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Cloud Services 33 Transformation to IaaS to PaaS to SaaS T2 T1 VDI .NET PaaS AP/AR Customer Paying Status Java PaaS Test Scale Test E-Mail VDI Customer QA • Developer WS runs IDE IaaS, PaaS Expense Mgmt SaaS MAPS SaaS IDE is linked live to PaaS environment Engineer can self-serve VM’s for test and QA or other IDEs • VM policy pushes code to top tier infrastructure It is scale tested then turned over to production • Linkages via SOAP/REST are built into the apps Apps can bind on the fly Apps cross private & public Cloud boundaries Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Cloud Services 34 Extended Cloud Service - XaaS Cloud Services Lifecycle Business Management ITSM System vDC Service Catalogs Provisioning Policy Provisioning Policy Access Policy Access Policy vApps vApps RESTful API vDC Service Catalogs Virtual Infrastructure Physical Infrastructure Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Resource Dist System vCompute vStorage vConnectivity Server Automation Orchestration RESTful API Resource Creation System Storage Connectivity Cloud Services 35 Why the Cloud ‘for’ Education • Economics Costs to deliver higher education Funding loses force tough decisions Competition • Match technology use to demands • Costs tied to usage • Community Cloud • Less need to be in the IT Business Improves institutional focus on education development & delivery • Improves institutional agility & time to market • Examples: UMASS – Google Apps Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Course Introduction 36 Risk & Barriers of Cloud ‘for’ Education • Integration Legacy to Cloud Substantial Amount of Services – pro or con? • Security Track record of providers Security standards of provider • Governance, Risk, & Compliance Legality of placement of Institutional data externally Data Location – transborder issue • Standards Traditional Standards Bodies - ISO, NIST, DMTF New Standards Emerging – CSA, ENISA, OpenStack Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Governance, Risk and Compliance 37 Why the Cloud ‘in’ Education • Preparing students for a web services world Virtualization of the full stack: Networks, Storage, & Servers Platform_as_a_Service Frameworks Microsoft .NET on Azure Google Apps, App Engine (Python, Java, Eclipse), & Marketplace IBM Software & System Access (Java, WebSphere, Lotus, Hadoop) • Modifying existing curriculum Computer Science & Information Technology Add virtualization and cloud topics & labs Security (risk, forensics) & privacy (risk, compliance) Other Sciences & Disciplines Ethics in the Cloud Law in the cloud Data Scientists Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Governance, Risk and Compliance 38 EMC Academic Alliance Developing Tomorrow’s Information Storage Professionals…Today! • • • • • Partnering with hundreds of leading institutions of Higher Education worldwide 30,000+ students educated in 30+ countries* Offering unique ‘open’ course on Information Storage and Management •Focuses on concepts and principles, not products Providing EMC, Customers and Partners with source to hire storage educated graduates Opportunity for EMC to give back as the industry leader * As of Jan 2011 http://education.emc.com/academicalliance Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Information Storage & Management (ISM) Modules Section 1: Storage System Intro to ISM Storage System Environment Data Protection: RAID Intelligent Storage System Section 3: Business Continuity Introduction to Business Continuity Backup and Recovery Local Replication Section 2: Storage Networking Technologies & Virtualization DAS and Intro to SCSI Storage Area Networks Network Attached Storage IP SAN Content Addressed Storage Storage Virtualization Section 4: Storage Security & Management Securing the Storage Infrastructure Managing the Storage Infrastructure Remote Replication http://education.EMC.com/ismbook Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. EMC Certification Define Service IT and Business Request Service Self-Service Portal Service Catalog Customer Configuration Management System Service Request Management Decommission Service Operations and Governance Perform Compliance and Financial Mgt Discovery and Automated Provisioning Virtualized Infrastructure vStorage vCompute Mgt Apps vConnectivity Middleware & APIs Business vApps Physical Infrastructure Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Course Introduction 41 Becoming an Academic Partner Steps . . . 1. Institution enrolls via the EAA online application. http://info.emc.com/mk/get/EAA_APPL_form?src=&HBX_Account_ Number=emc-emccom 2. Institution identifies faculty to teach course and administer the program. 3. Institution identifies faculty to attend the 5 day ISM Faculty Readiness Seminar (FRS) and clear ISM certification exam. 4. Institution accesses secure Faculty website to download teaching aids such as chapter PowerPoints, quizzes, simulators, etc. 5. Institution promotes ISM course to students. 6. Institution schedules and begins teaching the ISM course. Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. References EDUCAUSE white paper: Shaping the Higher Education Cloud http://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/PUB9009.pdf Is Cloud Computing a Credible Solution for Education? http://campustechnology.com/articles/2009/11/12/is-cloud-computing-a-crediblesolution-for-education.aspx Google Apps for Education - http://www.google.com/a/help/intl/en/edu/ IBM Academic Cloud https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/university/academicinitiative/ Microsoft Cloud for Education http://www.microsoft.com/education/solutions/cloudcomputing.aspx Microsoft white paper: Cloud Computing in Education http://download.microsoft.com/download/4/1/8/4182DF40-7EA3-4C13-91D0E3B75D639590/Cloud_computing_in_education.docx Sungard Higher Education - http://www.sungardhe.com/ CampusCruiser - http://www.campuscruiser.com/ Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Course Introduction 43 Recommended Reading Introduction to VDC and Cloud The Big Switch: Rewiring the World, from Edison to Google - by Nick Carr Management Strategies for the Cloud Revolution: How Cloud Computing Is Transforming Business and Why You Can't Afford to Be Left Behind – by Charles Babcock Private Cloud – www.privatecloud.com VDC & Cloud Architecture Cisco: A Beginner's Guide, Fourth Edition - by Toby and Anthony Velt Mastering VMware vSphere 4 - by Scott Lowe Open Stack - http://www.openstack.org/ VMware vSphere and Virtual Infrastructure Security – by Ed Heletky vSphere 4.1 Security Hardening Guide - http://communities.vmware.com/docs/DOC-14548 VMware vCloud Director Security Hardening Guide http://www.vmware.com/files/pdf/techpaper/VMW_10Q3_WP_vCloud_Director_Security.pdf Business Continuity Planning IT Survival Guide, Computer Associates, 2008 http://new.techdata.com/techsolutions/Softwareconnections/files/may2010/CA%20Business% 20Continuity%20Planning%20IT%20Survival%20Guide.pdf Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Course Introduction 44 Recommended Reading (cont) VDC & Cloud Planning & Design Cloud Application Architecture: Building Applications and Infrastructures in the Cloud - by George Reese Host your web site in the Cloud: Amazon Web Services Made Easy: Amazon EC@ made Easy – by Jeff Barr Governance, Risk, & Compliance Governance, Risk, and Compliance – by Anthony Tarantino Cloud Security Alliance(CSA) Guidance - http://www.cloudsecurityalliance.org/csaguide.pdf European Network and Information Security Agency (ENISA) - http://www.enisa.europa.eu/ Shared Assessments - http://www.sharedassessments.org/ Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Course Introduction 45 Recommended Reading (cont) VDC & Cloud Management Virtualization Opportunities, Threats and Challenges, ZISC Colloquium http://www.zisc.ethz.ch/events/slides_ZISC_colloq_HS2009/consecom_zisc-talk20091124_presentation.pdf Tackle the Challenges of Virtualization Management, BMC Best Practices White Paper, undated - http://documents.bmc.com/products/documents/00/61/100061/100061.pdf Virtualization Challenges Whitepaper, http://www.technologent.com/Documents/VirtualizationChallenges_Jan2009.pdf Keeping Your Head Above the Cloud: Seven Data Center Challenges to Consider Before Going Virtual, http://www.f5.com/pdf/white-papers/challenges-to-virtualization-wp.pdf Web Operations: Keeping the Data on Time by John Allspaw and Jesse Robbins Cloud Services Cloud Computing and SOA Convergence in Your Enterprise: A Step-by-Step Guide - by David Linthicum Cloud Computing Best Practices for Managing and Measuring Processes for On-demand Computing, Applications and Data Centers in the Cloud with SLAs - by Michael Miller SOA in Practice: The Art of Distributed System Design (theory in practice) – by Nicolai Josuttis Cloud Computing Explained: Implementation Handbook for Enterprises - by John Rhoton Copyright © 2011 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Governance, Risk and Compliance 46