Mini Quiz- Half Sheet
H = 1.01 g/mol, O = 16.00 g/mol
S = 32.07 g/mol, N = 14.01 g/mol, I = 126.90 g/mol
1. How many grams in 3.4 x 1023 molecules of
H2SO4?
2. How many molecules are there in 0.40 g of
N2I6?
Nuclear Chemistry
Unstable Nuclei
Often nuclei of very large atoms are unstable…
Unstable Nuclei  Stable Nuclei + Energy
Cause of Instability
A p+ to no ratio that is not close to 1:1
Example: Polonium (Po) has 84 protons
and 125 neutrons
Radioactive
Oxygen has 8 protons and 8 neutrons
Not Radioactive
Nuclear Reaction
• Reaction that affects the nucleus of an atom.
• Radioactive decay: Spontaneous disintegration
of a nucleus into a slight lighter nucleus.
• Particles and energy can be emitted.
• This is called nuclear radiation
92-Uranium-238
• 92 protons and 146
neutrons
• Radioactive nuclide
• Undergoes a series of
radioactive decay
3 Main types of radioactive decay
• Alpha
• Beta
• Gamma
Alpha Particle
• Nucleus of a Helium atom
• 2 p+ and 2 no
• Mass = 4, Atomic number = 2
Beta Particle
• neutron to proton ratio that is too high
• Mass = 0, number -1
Gamma Radiation
• High energy electromagnetic waves (light)
• No mass
• Pure energy
g
Radiation Exposure
Balancing Nuclear Equations
212-4 = 208 mass of new element
84-2 = 82 atomic number of new element
Balancing Nuclear Equations
Uses for Nuclear Radiation
Uses for Nuclear Radiation
Uses for Nuclear Radiation
Nuclear Fission
• Heavy nuclei splits into more stable nuclei
• Releases enormous amount of energy
Nuclear Reactors
Nuclear Fusion
2 small nuclei form a larger
nuclei, producing a crazy
amount of energy.
Warm Up
What is the difference between
nuclear fission and fusion?
Nuclear Reactors
Nuclear Fusion
2 small nuclei form a larger
nuclei, producing a crazy
amount of energy.
Questions on Vegium?
Check your calculations… do you have the right
number of SF?
Check your Isotope WS
Do you have any questions on
these calculations?
Work I’m Collecting
Vegium
Unit 2 Review
Atomic Structure WS- (3 worksheets on 1 sheet)
Isotope WS