Asexual Reproduction
By Julia Pound
Definition of Asexual Reproduction
One cell can split into two, giving you two identical cells
www.biology4kids.com/files/plants_reproduction.html
How does a protist reproduce?
Some protists reproduce sexually (gametes), while others reproduce
asexually (binary fission). Animal-like amoebas and plantlike Euglena reproduce
asexually. Some species, for example Plasmodium falciparum, have extremely
complex life cycles that involve multiple forms of the organism, some of which
reproduce sexually and others asexually. To reproduce
sexually, it requires 2 parents. In Binary Fission the cell wall
begins to rupture. The chromosome makes a copy of itself.
Chromosomes move to opposite sides of the cell as it
begins to elongate. The cell membrane begins to pinch and
a new cell wall is formed each chromosome. Asexual
Reproduction is the formation of a new individual from a
single organism. A gametes is a reproductive cell or sex cell
that contains the haploid set of chromosomes, e.g.
spermatozoon or sperm cell (male reproductive cell) and
egg cell or ovum (female reproductive cell)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protist
http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Gamete
http://www.henry.k12.ga.us/ugm/academic/Team702/liberatore/SAGE%20Website%20for%20Kingdom
s/Amie%20an d%20Jena%5Chome%20page.htm
How Does Bacteria Reproduce?
Bacteria are prokaryotic organisms that reproduce asexually. Bacteria reproduce
by a way of asexual reproduction called binary fission. In one bacterium, the
single circular chromosome duplicates. Then, the two resulting chromosomes
attach to the inside of the plasma membrane. The cell elongates and separates
into two strands. Finally, the cell membrane grows inward, the cell wall forms
separating two daughter cells each with a chromosome. Exchange of genetic
material Bacteria also reproduce with the exchange of DNA. When bacteria
exchange DNA, it has a similar effect to sexual reproduction, in that, there is a
blending of genes between two organisms. There are three was in which bacteria
exchange DNA. Conjugation – male cell passes DNA to female cell by means of a
conjugation tube (sex pilus).
Transformation – bacterium takes up DNA released by dead bacteria.
Transduction – bacteriophages carry DNA from one cell to another. https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090206120146AAcyjeN
www.microbiologyonline.org.uk/about-microbiology/introducing.../bacteri...
Fungi
3 ways Fungi Reproduce
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Budding
Fragmentation
Spoculation
1. Budding, in biology, a form of asexual reproduction in which a new
individual develops from some generative point of the parent organism. In
some species buds may be produced from almost any point of the body,
but in many cases budding is restricted to specialized areas. The initial
protuberance of proliferating cytoplasm or cells, the bud, eventually
develops into an organism duplicating the parent. The new individual may
separate to exist independently, or the buds may remain attached, forming
aggregates or colonies. Budding is characteristic of a few unicellular
organisms (e.g., certain bacteria, yeasts, and protozoans)
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/83411/budding
2.
2. Fragmentation
Many fungi can reproduce by fragmentation.
Any mycelium that is fragmented or disrupted,
provided that the fragment contains the
equivalent of the peripheral growth zone, can
grow into a new colony. Many fungi are subcultured using this hyphal fragment technique.
All of this week’s practical plates have been. An example of fragmentation is a
mushroom. A small piece breaks away from the main body. It attaches to a new
host or new part of the host and begins to grow. Each break away part must
contain the whole set of chromosomes.
Science notes Fragmentation
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/83411/fragmentation
3. Sporulation
By far the most important type of asexual reproduction is that of spore formation.
Asexual reproduction is extremely important to fungi. It is responsible for the
production of large numbers of spores throughout the year. Asexual reproduction
by the production and release of spores. An example is mold. A spore is a
reproductive cell inside the mold (sporangium). It explodes and small pores are
released into the air. It lands on a new host and grows.
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/83411/sporulation
http://dictionary.kids.net.au/word/sporulation
Science notes