Think about your favorite movie. What kind of
movie is it? Comedy, drama, horror, action?
What is it about the movie that you like?
Greece sits at the southern tip of the Balkan
peninsula and the islands that make up its
southern region in the Aegean Sea are called
an archipelago.
Archipelago: a group of islands
 Ancient Greece is considered the birthplace of modern
civilization.
 They came up with ideas like theater, philosophy, and
democracy.
 They created lifelike statues and paintings which are still
imitated by other civilizations to this day.
 They invented new forms of literature including history and
drama.
 They made advances in geometry and math that we still use
today.
 Philosophy is the study of the fundamental nature of
knowledge, reality, and existence.
 The study of philosophy led to advancements in
science and math.
 Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle are considered the
greatest philosophers of ancient Greece.
Using the Greek alphabet, try to write your
initials and then your name.
How does seeing your name in a different
alphabet affect how you perceive it?
How do you get along with someone you don’t
like?
If you can’t get along, how do you handle the
conflict?
The Balkan Peninsula is a very culturally
diverse area.
There are 4 religions, 3 language groups, and
7 ethnicities.
These cultural differences have led to a long
history of violence in the region.
 The 4 religions in the region are:
1. Orthodox Christianity – an ancient branch of
Christianity that does not recognize the Roman
Catholic Pope.
2. Roman Catholics – recognize the Pope as the head
of the church
3. Protestant Christian – Baptist, Methodist,
Presbyterian, etc.
4. Muslim – believe in Allah and follow the teachings
of Mohammed.
Four language groups:
1. Slavic languages – use Cyrillic alphabet
 Cyrillic – a form of the Greek alphabet
2. Latin – related to Spanish, Italian
3. Germanic – related to English and German
4. Other – Albanian and Roma are unlike any
other languages.
Ethnic Groups:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Albanians
Croats
Macedonians
Montenegrins
Bosnians
Serbs
Slovenes
Ethnic Cleansing – an effort to remove all
members of a group from a country or region.
Are you able to influence what your friends
do? How do you get them to do what you
want?
Can your friends get you to do what they
want? Why are they able to have so much
influence over you?
 Communism: a political system in which the
government owns all property and dominates all
aspects of life.
 Leaders of most communist governments are not
elected by citizens.
 They are chosen by the leaders of the Communist
Party.
 The Communist Party is usually the only party in a
communist country.
 Russia adopted Communism after the Bolshevik Revolution
in 1917.
 After World War 1, Russia got several countries to join it in
order to protect itself against Germany.
 This newly organized group was called the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics or the U.S.S.R.
 In Europe, these countries included: Estonia, Latvia,
Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine, and Moldova.
 Other countries also adopted Soviet-style Communism,
including: Hungary, Slovakia, Poland, Romania, and
Bulgaria.
 In order to stop the spread of Communism, the United
States adopted a policy called “Containment.” They wanted
to preserve capitalist markets for their goods.
 As a result, the United States went into several countries
and fought the spread of Communism. The Soviet Union
adopted a policy of helping the Communist Parties of
countries gain influence.
 This lead to a build-up of arms between the two countries
(including nuclear weapons) called the Cold War.
1. What is a command economy?
A. An economic system in which the central
government makes all economic decisions
B. An economic system based on free trade and
competition
C. An economic system that allows buyers to
command what they want to buy
D. An economy in which people are commanded
what to buy.
2.
How does a command economy respond to
changes in the market?
A. It adapts quickly through supply and demand.
B. It makes changes slowly as it works its way
through an advisory committee.
C. It does not respond to changes in the market.
D. The market does not change and so no response
is necessary.
3.
What is not a major drawback to a planned
economy?
A. It limits the amount of choice consumers have.
B. It cannot easily adapt to changes in the market.
C. It does not allow for innovation in products and
services.
D. People are able to buy whatever they want from
whomever they want.
4.
A.
B.
C.
D.
What type of system has elements of both a
market economy and a command
economy?
Planned Market Economy
Traditional Economy
Mixed Economy
Planned Economy
A command economy is an economic
system in which the central government
makes all economic decisions.
 It is also called a planned economy.
Under Communist rule, Russia and the rest of
the U.S.S.R. had a command economy.
Does a command economy effectively
produce and distribute goods and services?
Why or why not?
Which person would you rather have in
charge: a king, a dictator, or a president?
Why?
From the 1540 to 1917, Russia was ruled by a
czar or emperor.
 Czar is Russian for “Caesar” which was the title given to Roman
emperors.
 The first czar of Russia was Ivan IV, also known as Ivan the Terrible.
 The czars expanded the Russian Empire from Moscow into eastern
Europe and western Asia.
 Despite it’s growth, Russia remained largely a country of poor
farmers, while the czars and nobles had most of the wealth.
In 1914, Russia entered World War I.
 The country suffered huge losses in the war.
 The people experienced severe shortages of
food.
The czar ignored the people’s hardship and
so the people revolted.
In 1917, the Bolshevik Revolution brought the
Communists to power.
 They killed the czar and his family.
 They formed the USSR which included 15
republics, the strongest of which was Russia.
 Vladimir Lenin was the first leader of
Communist Russia.
 After Lenin died, Joseph Stalin took power.
 He was a brutal and paranoid dictator.
 Russia set up a command economy under his
leadership.
 Anyone who spoke out against him was sent to a
gulag.
 Gulags were a harsh Soviet labor camps often
located in the harsh sub-Arctic climates of Siberia.
 After World War II, Stalin began setting up more Communist
governments in Eastern Europe as a buffer to protect
Russia from invasion.
 The United States opposed this and saw it as a threat to
democracy and free markets.
 This rivalry led to the Cold War, which was a period of time
when these two countries became military superpowers as
they competed to have superior weapons.
 The Soviet economy began collapsing in the 1980s.
 This was mainly because of the high cost of producing weapons to
keep up with the United States.
 There was also a great deal of corruption in their economic system.
 Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev introduced a set of policies
called glasnost which made the government more open and
accountable and also allowed for some democratic reforms.
 In spite of these changes, the economy collapsed in 1991 and
the USSR disbanded.
 Today the Russian government is a federal republic like the
United States, with power divided between national and
local governments.
 Voters elect a president who serves as the country’s chief
executive and most powerful official.
 The president appoints a prime minister to oversee a
legislature called the Federal Assembly.
 Russia has also shifted towards a market economy although
the government still owns the energy production (oil, gas,
coal, nuclear, power plants, etc.) in the country.
 On your timeline, use colored pencils or crayons to
indicate periods of Russian history that you would
NOT want to live in by shading in the area between
those dates.
 Using a different color, indicate the periods of time
that you would want to live in.
 Provide a brief explanation of your reasoning for
each.
Do we have a duty to speak out against the
government when it does something we think
is wrong?
Why or why not?
From the 1930s to the 1980s, the Soviet Union
used forced labor camps called gulags to
punish people who spoke out against the
Communist Party.
 Russian soldiers took Esther’s family from their
home in Poland to work in Siberia.
 How do you think this fact affects Esther’s feelings
as she views the landscape of Siberia from the
train?
 As you watch the following video, pay attention to
the following:
 Why were people arrested?
 When were they arrested?
 How were they arrested?
 How were they treated once they were arrested?
 What were others told about the arrest?
 Write a 3.5 paragraph in response to the following:
 Why do you think gulags were used as punishment?
 It may help you to consider the following:
 What about the environment made it such a bad place to
live?
 What were the conditions like there?
 What were your chances of surviving?
 Get an iPad and log on.
 Go to http://www.bath.kyschools.us/olc/class.aspx?id=12717&s=242
 Click on “Russian Culture Links”
 Open the folder that is assigned to your group
 Art
 Dance
 Music
 Work together with your group to pick something from that folder for
the next group to read or view.
 Write the link on the paper provided and give an explanation for why
you chose that link.
 When you move to the next table, view the link they have
chosen for you and then choose another one for the next
group, repeating what you did at the first table.
 You must select a different link than the one that was selected
for you.
 At the 3rd table, view both of the links selected by the first
two groups.
 As a group, select which one you believe best represents
that aspect of Russian culture and explain why.
 Using the rubric on the board, respond to the
following prompt:
 Based on what you know about Communism, explain why
you would or would not recommend it as a form of
government. Be sure to include specific examples in your
answer.