The Nervous System
Section A – Higher Level
2005 HL
3.
Indicate whether the following are true (T) or false (F) by drawing a circle around T or F.
(a)
Urea is formed in the kidneys.
T
F
(b)
Motor neurons conduct impulses towards the central nervous system.
T
F
(c)
Endocrine glands secrete hormones.
T
F
(d)
Tendons join muscles to bones.
T
F
(e)
The sino-atrial node (pacemaker) is located on the right side of the heart. T
F
(f)
A nucleus is absent from human red blood cells.
T
F
(g)
Light is essential for the germination of seeds.
T
F
(h)
Lenticels serve the same function as stomata.
T
F
(i)
Parallel leaf veins are characteristic of monocotyledonous plants.
T
F
(j)
Endosperm is a food reserve in some seeds.
T
F
2008 HL
4.
The diagram shows a motor neuron.
(a)
Identify parts A, B and C.
A……………
B ……………
C………………
(b)
Give a function of A
(c)
Place an arrow on the diagram to show the direction of the impulse.
(d)
Give a function of C
(e)
Place an X on the diagram at a point at which a neurotransmitter substance is
secreted.
(f)
What is the role of the motor neuron?
Section A – Ordinary Level
2011 OL
4.
Indicate whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F) by drawing a circle
around T or F in each case.
Example: The liver produces bile
T
F
(a)
The semicircular canals in the ear are involved in balance.
T
F
(b)
The growth response of a plant to light is called phototropism.
T
F
(c)
Tendons attach bone to bone.
T
F
(d)
A motor neuron carries impulses to the brain.
T
F
(e)
Rhizopus is a member of the animal kingdom.
T
F
(f)
Xylem transports water in plants.
T
F
(g)
A potato is a modified stem.
T
F
Section C – Higher Level
2004 HL
15.
Answer any two of (a), (b), (c).
(30,30)
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Draw and label sufficient of two neurons to show a synaptic cleft.
Describe the sequence of events that allows an impulse to be transmitted
across a synapse from one neuron to the next.
Suggest a possible role for a drug in relation to the events that you have
outlined in (ii)
2005 HL
14.
Answer any two of (a), (b), (c).
(30,30)
(c)
Answer the following questions in relation to systems of response to stimuli in the
human body.
(i)
The pancreas is both an exocrine gland and an endocrine gland. Explain the
underlined terms.
(ii)
Name a product of the endocrine portion of the pancreas and state one of its
functions.
(iii) Name a disorder other than cancer for each of the following and indicate a possible
cause and a means of treatment:
1. Musculoskeletal system
2. Nervous system.
2006 HL
14.
Answer any two of (a), (b) and (c).
(30, 30)
(b)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
1.
2.
What is a neuron?
Distinguish between sensory, motor and interneurons (association neurons).
Briefly explain the role of neurotransmitter substances.
State a function for 1. Schwann cells, 2. Myelin sheath.
In relation to Parkinson’s disease or paralysis give:
A possible cause,
A method of treatment
2010 HL
11.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(i)
(ii)
1.
2.
Name a disorder of the human nervous system.
In the case of the disorder referred to in part (i) state:
A possible cause.
A means of prevention or a treatment.
(9)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
What is a reflex action?
Give one example of a reflex action.
Suggest an advantage of reflex actions.
The parts of the nervous system involved in a reflex action make up a reflex
arc.
1.
Draw a large labelled diagram to show the structures involved in a
reflex arc.
2.
Place arrows on your diagram to show the direction of impulse
transmission in the reflex
arc.
(i) What term is used to describe the glands that secrete hormones in the human body?
(ii)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Name a hormone-producing gland in the human body.
Where in the body is the gland located?
Name a hormone that this gland secretes.
State a role of this hormone.
Describe what happens if the body experiences a deficiency of this
hormone.
(iii) Give two examples of the use of hormone supplements.
2012 HL
13.
(a)
system.
(i)
Distinguish between the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous
Include a clear reference to each in your answer.
(ii)
Give one way in which a nervous response differs from a hormonal response.
(b)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(c)
Draw a large labelled diagram of a motor neuron.
Give one function each of any two parts found only in neurons.
Place an arrow on or near your diagram to indicate the direction of impulse
transmission.
Name and state the role of any two types of neuron, other than the motor
neuron. (27)
(i)
State one function for each of the following parts of the human brain.
Cerebrum;
Hypothalamus;
Cerebellum;
Medulla oblongata.
(ii)
In relation to the nervous system, distinguish between grey matter
and white matter.
Include a clear reference to each in your answer.
(iii)
In the case of either paralysis or Parkinson’s disease state:
1.
a possible cause, other than accident;
2.
a method of treatment.
Section C – Ordinary Level
2007 OL
15.
Answer any two of (a), (b), (c).
(30,30)
(a)
The diagram shows part of a reflex arc.
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
Name neurons A, B and C.
In which direction is the impulse transmitted A  B  C or C  B 
A ?
Name the small gaps between neurons.
Neurons produce neurotransmitter substances. What is their function?
Give an example of a reflex action in humans.
Why are reflex actions important in humans?
2012 OL
15.
Answer any two of the parts (a), (b), (c).
(30, 30)
(b)
(i)
1.
2.
3.
4.
(ii)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
In relation to plant responses:
What name is given to a plant’s response to light?
Name one growth regulator produced in plants.
Where in a plant are growth regulators produced?
Give one way by which plants can protect themselves from attack.
In relation to animal responses:
Name the two main parts of the central nervous system in humans.
Messages are carried around the body by neurons (nerve cells).
Name any two types of neuron.
What name is given to the area where one neuron ends and another begins?
Name the type of chemical that carries messages between two neurons.
What happens to this chemical once the messages have been transmitted?