POP QUIZ • 1) What was the basis of all wealth? • 2) Name 2 differences between a serf and a freeholder (1 ex.-serf: 2 ex.-serf: 3 ex.-freeholder: 4 ex.-freeholder) • 3) What is a feudal contract? (be specific/explain) • 4) Draw the social structure pyramid of medieval life. • 5) Who created the feudal system? • 6) When taking an oath of loyalty, what obligations does a noble have to provide for the king? Name 3 (in return for land what does a noble do for the king?) Medieval Law Learning Outcomes • What is trial by ordeal and trial by battle? • How did the people know if a person on trial was guilty or innocent? • What different types of courts were there? • What similarities/differences can we see between the Canadian law system and Medieval law? • Have we adapted anything from Medieval times? Is a Person Innocent? Trial By Ordeal • Several varieties to see if a person was innocent • Swallow poison • Pull an object from burning hot oil • Walk over 9 red hot ploughs • Carry a piece of red hot iron for a certain distance • If the burn was infected-the person is guilty Trial By Battle • Two nobles would fight • Often it was a fight to the death • Only noblemen had a right to trial by battle • If a noble woman was prosecuted, she would choose a nobleman to fight on her behalf. A person that lived through or was not injured in the trial was innocent because... GOD PROTECTED THEM! • God would help innocent people • Expose people to danger to see if God will protect them Manor Courts Royal courts Church Courts -Law disputes having to deal with... -Farming -Property -Suing cases -Assault charges -Theft -Drunkenness -Small crimes -Village meeting -Jury -Murder -Treason -Rape -Burglary -Poaching -Common law -Could order execution -Judged bishops, priests, monks, nuns -Lighter sentences -No death penalty -Literacy test -Education as a sentence Canadian Court System - Innocent until proven guilty Medieval Court System - Manor, Royal and Church -trial by jury - Trial by ordeal and battle -Multiple courts -Swear oath on bible -Protects society - Trial by compurgators - Guilty until proven innocent - Proven innocent by God - Social hierarchy played key role - Death penalty - MAGNA CARTA - Supreme, federal and provincial - overlapping case subjects between courts - Judge -Representation/Lawyers - Prison/ community service sentences