Napoleonic Era
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Corsica, Italy
From nobility
Sent to French military school and had to learn how to speak French
Masters the art of artillery
Divorces his wife to remarry to have children
Defends the French Revolution from foreign armies at Toulon
1795 defends and defeats a Paris uprising against the National Convention
gaining fame, money, and power
Invades Italy and Austria successfully, abolishes the Holy Roman Empire
A hero!!!!!
Becomes interested in Politics writing 3 newspapers
Invades Egypt
Directory wants him out of France
Rosetta Stone hieroglyphics
Sphinx
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Napoleon leaves troops behind to go to Paris because of instability
France loses in Egypt
1799 Directory corrupt, unpopular, in debt, and royalists gaining power
Coup d’etat - makes a 3 person consul – First Consul - Commands the army,
navy, makes laws, appoints and dismisses - “I found the crown of France
lying on the ground, and I picked it up with my sword”, “Sometimes I am a
fox and sometimes a lion. The whole secret of government lies in knowing
when to be the one or the other”
Referendum\Plebiscite – yes or no vote - Consul for life
Higher education, tax codes, sewer\road system, central bank,
centralization of the administration of departments, and the NAPOLEONIC
CODE
- Concordat – reinstituted the Catholic Church
At one point he was sent to imprison the Pope which
happened but not by him
Napoleon appoints new bishops and the state pays them
Believed religion was needed for social order – “Religion is
what keeps the poor from murdering the rich.” “Religion is excellent stuff
for keeping the common people quiet”
- Louisiana Purchase
- Haitian Revolution
- House of Bourbon attempts assassination
- People vote for empire
- Emperor Napoleon – heredity monarchy, crowns himself
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- Napoleonic Wars – Napoleon looks to expand and Coalitions are created
Austria, Prussia, Russia, England, Sweden, Netherlands,
Spain and Portugal
Battle of Trafalgar – France tries to invade Britain
Horatio Nelson
British dominance of the seas
French Continental System – “England is a nation of
shopkeepers”\British Blockade
Peninsular War – Spain\Portugal revolt (nationalism)
defeating Napoleon and Create a
constitutional monarchy (ideals of the
French Rev.)
Invasion of Russia
Scorched Earth Policy
650,000 then 40,000
Scars Russia and helps creates a mind set for WWII
Battle of Nations
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French King Louis XVIII
Elba
Hundred Days – Battle of Waterloo
Island of St. Helena
Legacy – nationalism, code of laws, religious equality, spread of
revolutionary ideals, “If you wish to be a success in the world, promise
everything and deliver nothing”, “The surest way to remain poor is to be an
honest man”
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- Congress of Vienna – reactionaries\conservative- Age of Metternich
Indemnity - All countries had to be paid back
Rule of Legitimacy
Balance of Power\Concert of Europe – France
weakened, others made stronger
Quadruple Alliance
German Confederation
WWI