Features of Cells and
Prokaryotes:
Worksheet 2
Leader: Courtney
Course: Bio 211 (4)
Instructor: Boury
Supplemental Instruction
Iowa State University
Date: 8/29/12
1. What are the 3 different domains?
Bacteria, Archea, Eukarya,
2. The _____proteome__________________ is the entire set of proteins expressed by a cell
The ______genome_________________ is the genetic information contained in the cell
3. List the differences in prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells
Prokaryotes
Nucleoid region
Cell wall
Flagella (most)
Pilli
Eukaryotes
endomembrane system
mitochondria
chloroplasts (plants)
Membrane enclosed nucleus
4. Match each structure of the eukaryotic cell with its description and/or function.
_C__ smooth ER
_E__ nucleus
A. Digestive organelle where macromolecules are
hydrolyzed; found only in animal cells.
B. Nonmembranous organelle involved in production of
ribosomes.
C. Synthesis of lipids, metabolism of carbs,
detoxification.
D. Sorts, modifies, and ships products; contains the cis face
and the trans face.
E. Double membrane organelle that houses the DNA and
the nucleolus; perforated by pores.
F. The ‘Energy Transformers’
_F__ mitochondria/chloroplasts
G. Makes the proteins; either bound or free.
_G__ ribosomes
H. Only in plant cells; Storage, breakdown of waste
Products, hydrolysis of macromolecules, support.
I. Bound ribosomes on the surface- aids in protein secretion
and synthesis, adds carbohydrates to glycoproteins.
_I__rough ER
_D__golgi apparatus
_A__lysosomes
_H_ vacuoles
_B__ nucleolus
5. True or False, Plant cells contain both mitochondria and chloroplasts.
True
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6. Which of the following is not included in the Endomembrane System?
a. nuclear envelope
b. endoplasmic reticulum
c. golgi apparatus
d. mitochondria
e. lysosomes
f. vacuoles
g. peroxisomes
h. plasma membrane
7. The ____Paladae’s pulse-chase experiment_____ was used to determine the pathway a
protein takes through the endomembrane system by using radioactive amino acids
Explanation of ‘pulse-chase’: researchers administered a pulse of radioactive amino acids
to the cells so they made radioactive proteins. A few minutes later the cells were given a large
amount of non-radioactive amino acids. This is called a chase because it chases away the ability
of the cells to make any more radioactive proteins.
osmium tetroxide labeled the membrane that the proteins were passing through
8. Protein secretion begins in the _____Lumen of the Rough ER (ribosomes)______, where
the proteins are made. The proteins then are transported to by ___Vesicles_____ to the
_____Golgi apparatus _____
9. Choose the correct answer in the parenthesis
Gram (positive / negative) bacteria will be stained pink
Gram (positive / negative) bacteria will be stained purple
10. Are ALL Archaea extremophiles? Where do we find thermophiles or halophiles?
No all Archea are not extremophiles, thermophiles are ‘heat loving’ and we would find them
somewhere such as a hot spring. Halophiles are ‘salt loving’ and we would find them somewhere
such as the great salt lake
11. Genes are transferred in two ways: through horizontal gene transfer and vertical gene
transfer. Differ between the two. Why is horizontal gene transfer beneficial?
horizontal: trade genes within a generation. This creates diversity in the population, which then
increases
their chance of survival. Since their reproduction is not sexual if there was no horizontal gene
transfer the
population would all be the same.
vertical: transfer genes from parent to offspring.