Kingdom Protista
Anything but a prokaryote, fungus,
plant or animal!
Protozoans
animal-like because they do not have a cell wall, heterotrophic & most have
a structure for movement NOT like animals because they are single-celled
Types
Example
How they
move
Zooflagellates
Trypanosoma-
Flagella- whiplike
causes African Sleeping
Sickness- Tsetse flies
transmit it
extension
Sarcodines
Amoeba
Pseudopod
Ciliates
Paramecium
Cilia
Sporozoans
Plasmodium-
Non-motile-no
causes Malaria
transmitted by
mosquitoes- RBC bursts
structures for movement
Trypanosoma gambiense
Giardia lambila
http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dpd/parasites/leishmania/factsht_leishmania.htm
Leishmania
transmitted by
sand flies
Flagellate Video Clip-
only problem is Euglena it has flagella
but is classified as a type of algae now!
• Protists\flagellates.asf
Amoeba proteus
Sarcodines Video Clip
• Protists\sarcodines.asf
Paramecium
Stentor
Ciliates Video Clip
• Protists\ciliates.asf
Plasmodium malariae
Algae
plant-like because they have cell walls and are autotrophic
NOT like plants because some algae are single-celled
and the multicellular algae DO NOT have the complex
structures that plants do such as roots, stems, and
leaves….also the cell wall composition can be different as well.
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Red Algae- Rhodophyta
Brown Algae- Phaeophyta
Green Algae- Chlorophyta
Euglena- Euglenophyta
Golden Algae- Chrysophyta
– Diatoms- in class Bacillariophyceae
• Dinoflagellates- Pyrrophyta
Rhodophytausually deeper in
the ocean
Phaeophyta-usually floating near the surface
Elk kelp (Pelagophycus porra)
Chlorophyta
Volvox
Euglena- hard to classify because it has characteristics
of BOTH plant-like AND animal-like protists
Chrysophyta
Many have silica in the cell walls
(Diatoms are in class
Bacillariophyceae- your book
lists it in a separate phylum)
Karenia brevis
They produce a potent neurotoxin
Pyrrophyta (dinoflagellates)
causes red tides which kill
other organisms and can
harm us too!
G. Gonyaulax
Fungus-like
• Fungus-like because they are heterotrophicfood breakdown outside cell and they absorb
the nutrients, they act as decomposers- of
dead/decaying matter, and grow in damp
environments
• Not like fungus because these protists DO
NOT have chitin in their cell walls, they have
centrioles-(which help separate chromosomes during cell division) and
some can move during their lifetime
• Examples
– cellular slime molds
– acellular slime molds
– water molds
cellular slime molds
Most are single-celled and are like
amoebas in the soil
They can when needed come
together in a large colony and
work together
ACELLULAR SLIME MOLDS
Like amoebas but when they come
together the cells fuse and are known
as Plasmodial slime molds
WATER
MOLDS
Phytophthora infestans- 1846- close to 1million people died and another
million emigrated to the US because this water mold infected the main crop
How are protozoans classified?
How are algae classified?
How are fungus-like protists classified?
Why are these organisms NOT in
the other Kingdoms?
Why are these organisms SIMILAR
to organisms in the other
kingdoms?