• 5/5 Focus:
– Between 1400 and 1700 explorers set out on
great voyages of discovery and news of new
lands spread, countries scrambled to setup
colonies in hopes of gaining wealth
• Do Now:
– What process is shown in this image?
Test Review
1. The primary reason the Bantu-speaking
people of West Africa migrated
southward and eastward between 500
B.C. and A.D. 1500 was to
a)
b)
c)
d)
flee warfare
seek religious freedom
establish a colonial empire
find land for farming and grazing
– European dependence on spices from Asia
– Invention of the compass and astrolabe
– Rise of nation-states in Europe
2. These developments influenced the start
of the
a)
b)
c)
d)
Crusades
Reformation
Renaissance
Age of Exploration
3. A similarity between the ancient
western African kingdoms of Mali,
Ghana, and Songhai is that these
kingdoms
a)
b)
c)
d)
limited the power of their rulers
established economies based on trade
practiced Christianity
isolated themselves from contact with
other cultures
– I. Rise of Civilizations of Ghana and Mali
• A. ______________________
• B. Spread of Islam
• C. Development of centers of learning
4. Which term best completes the partial
outline above?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Use of gunpowder
Development of Hammurabi’s Code
Trade of gold and salt
Distribution of the printing press
5. The Aztec use of the calendar and the
Maya writing system both illustrate that
pre-Columbian cultures in the Americas
a)
b)
c)
d)
traded extensively with Africa
declined because of invasion and disease
flourished prior to European contact
converted others to Islam
6. How did the Inca adapt to their
physical environment?
a) They built large fishing fleets to feed their
populations.
b) They built footbridges that connected their
roads across the Andes.
c) They established extensive trade
agreements with Europe.
d) They raised cattle and horses on the pampas.
7. The purpose of the Encomienda
system in Latin America was to
a) control overpopulation in urban centers
b) convert native peoples to Protestantism
c) obtain labor and taxes from the native
peoples in the Spanish colonies
d) introduce political ideas into the colonies
gradually
• Smallpox outbreak spreads throughout Mexico.
• Spanish and Portuguese are introduced to chocolate,
peanuts, tomatoes, and corn.
• Cortés brings Aztec gold and silver treasures to Spain.
8. Which situation is illustrated in these
statements?
a) empathy of Europeans for Native American
Indian civilizations
b) triangular trade and its effects on agrarian
economies
c) the relatively high costs of colonialism
d) the impact of contact between different
peoples
9. A direct result of the conquest of
Tenochtitlán by Hernán Cortés in 1521
was the
a) expulsion of Jews and Muslims from Spain
b) establishment of Portuguese trade routes
around Africa
c) fall of the Aztec Empire
d) conquest of the Kush Kingdom
10.What was one effect of the Columbian
exchange?
a) rapid decline in European population
b) economic instability in China and Japan
c) introduction of new foods to both Europe and
the Americas
d) spread of Hinduism into Latin America
11. The term “mercantilism” is defined as an
economic system in which
a) prices are determined by the laws of supply
and demand
b) colonies exist for the benefit of the colonial
power
c) factors of production are owned by the
government
d) the proletariat benefit at the expense of the
bourgeoisie
Ottomans take control of
Byzantine and disrupt
overland spice trade routes
Italian merchants and Muslim
traders charge high prices for
Asian goods
Spain and Portugal
begin searching for
sea routes to Asia
Impact of Technology on Exploration
Technology
Impact
Compass
Chinese invention that allowed
sailors to know what direction they
were traveling
Printing
Press
Allowed books to made cheaply and
quickly; increased spread of ideas
including geography
Astrolabe
Alllowed sailors to determine their
latitude
Caravel
Larger ships which could hold more
cargo
Voyages of Exploration
Explorer
Zheng He
Dias
Vasco De
Gama
Magellan
Columbus
Country
Significance
China
Sailed around the Indian Ocean and
along the East Coast of Africa
Portugal
Portugal
Spain
Spain
First to sail around the southern tip
of Africa
First European to sail directly to
India
Circumnavigated the globe
Discovered the Americas in 1492
Built Step Pyramids
Developed
hieroglyphic
writing
Developed
concept of zero
Kept records on
knotted strings
called Quipas
Developed
calendars (2)
Established schools
Advanced
knowledge of
astronomy
Used slash and burn
farming technique
Capital city built
by filling in
parts of lake
Developed floating
gardens
Yucatan
Peninsula
Built system of roads
and bridges to connect
empire
Used terraces
to farm in
mountains.
Central Mexico
West Coast of
South America
Animism
Worship spirits
or forces in
nature
Shinto
Characteritics
Presence of natural barriers
such as the Sahara Desert
and the interior plateau
Few natural harbors
Geography of Africa
Effect
Limited movement of
people
Restricted trade by
sea
Events in African History
Event
Effect
The Bantu Migration
Spread Bantu language;
cultural diffusion
Establishement of TransSaharan Gold and Salt Trade
Routes
Increased wealth of W.
African kingdoms
Spread Islam to W.
Africa
Mansa Musa makes the hajj to
Mecca
Exposed world to the
wealth of Mali empire
Returned to make Mali a
center of Islamic learning
and culture
The Atlantic slave trade
Disrupted W. African
society and politics
Millions of Africans
brought to the Americas
Positive
Negative
Arrival of new foods
led to population
growth
New products
increased economic
activity in Europe
Cultural Diffusion
Death of Millions of
Native Americans
from disease
The Columbian
Exchange
Slavery
List three principles associated with
Mercantilism:
Countries should develop surpluses of gold
and silver
Establish a favorable balance of trade
Colonies exist to provide raw materials to
the colonial power and a market to buy
finished goods from the colonial power
• 5/2 Focus:
– The creation of colonies in the Americas
and elsewhere led to the establishment of
new patterns of trade and new economic
systems in Europe.
• Do Now:
– What economic system encouraged
European nation states to gain colonies
that would benefit the “mother country”?