CHAPTER
NEW CHAPTER
Ocean Systems
the BIG idea
The oceans are a connected system of water in motion.
10.1 The oceans are a connected system.
10.2 Ocean water moves in currents.
10.3 Waves move through oceans.
10.4 Waters rise and fall in tides.
CHAPTER OUTLINE
CHAPTER RESOURCES
10.1
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
The oceans are a connected system.
• Much of Earth is covered by ocean water, which
contains dissolved salts and gases.
VOCABULARY
salinity
density
continental shelf
sonar
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE
10.1
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
The oceans are a connected system.
• Much of Earth is covered by ocean water, which
contains dissolved salts and gases.
VOCABULARY
salinity
• Ocean temperatures decrease with depth.
density
• The ocean floor has canyons, mountains, and many
other features.
continental shelf
sonar
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE
10.1
CHAPTER HOME
KEY CONCEPT
The oceans are a connected system.
• Much of Earth is covered by ocean water, which
contains dissolved salts and gases.
VOCABULARY
salinity
• Ocean temperatures decrease with depth.
density
• The ocean floor has canyons, mountains, and many
other features.
continental shelf
sonar
SIMULATION
CLASSZONE.COM
See what the ocean floor
looks like.
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE
10.2
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
Ocean water moves in currents.
• Surface currents are set in motion by winds and carry
heat around the globe.
VOCABULARY
ocean current
upwelling
downwelling
El Niño
• Deep currents are caused by differences in water
density. Dense water sinks at the poles and very slowly
flows toward the equator.
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE
10.3
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
Waves move through oceans.
• Ocean waves transport energy, not water. When a
wave passes, water particles end up in the same
places they began.
• Longshore currents occur when waves hit shores at
angles.
• Rip currents are narrow streams of water that
breakthrough sandbars.
VOCABULARY
longshore current
rip current
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE
10.4
CHAPTER HOME
KEY CONCEPT
Waters rise and fall in tides.
VOCABULARY
The Moon’s gravity pulls Earth’s waters into bulges and
dips. As Earth rotates, its movement through these
bulges and dips causes tides.
tide
tidal range
spring tide
direct high tide
indirect
high
tide
neap tide
Moon
Earth
VISUALIZATION
CLASSZONE.COM
Watch daily tides in action.
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE
10.1
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
The oceans are a connected system.
I. The oceans are a connected system.
VOCABULARY
salinity
A. Ocean water covers much of Earth.
B. Ocean water contains salts and gases.
1. Salts
2. Oxygen and Other Gases
density
continental shelf
sonar
C. Ocean temperatures vary.
D. The ocean floor has many features.
1. Ocean Exploration
2. Mapping the Ocean Floor
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY
10.2
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
Ocean water moves in currents.
II. Ocean water moves in currents.
VOCABULARY
ocean current
A. The oceans have major currents.
1. Surface Currents
2. Deep Currents
B. Currents interact with climate and weather.
upwelling
downwelling
El Niño
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY
10.3
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
Waves move through oceans.
III. Waves move through oceans.
A. Waves form in the open ocean.
1. Wave Action at the Water’s Surface
VOCABULARY
longshore current
rip current
2. Wave Action near Shore
B. Waves cause currents near shore.
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY
10.4
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
Waters rise and fall in tides.
IV. Waters rise and fall in tides.
VOCABULARY
tide
A. Coastal waters rise and fall each day.
B. The gravity of the Moon and the Sun causes
tides.
1. Daily Tides
tidal range
spring tide
neap tide
2. Monthly Tides
C. Tides can be used to generate electricity.
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY
CHAPTER HOME
Chapter Resources
Image Gallery
Click here to view chapter images and animations
Click on the items below to access resources on
CLASSZONE.COM
Resource Centers
Content Review
Get more information on select
science topics
Review key concepts and vocabulary
Math Tutorial
Standardized Test Practice
Review math concepts
Practice state standardized tests
BACK TO CHAPTER