Parker Andrews
MUSCULAR SYSTEM
function
 Generate force
 Movement
 In some ways communicate (physical
expressions)
 The ability to use chemical energy to produce
force and energy is present in all cells but is a
dominate characteristic of muscle cells.
3 Types of muscle tissue
 Skeletal
 Smooth
 Cardiac
 Single muscle cell is referred to as a muscle
fiber
 Skeletal and cardiac are group together in the
sense that they are both striated. And are
both cylindrical
striation
 Cardiac and skeletal muscle are called striated
because there is thick and thin filaments called
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myofibrils
The thin part is composed of Actin Troponin and
Tropomysoin
Thick part is composed of myosin
the gap between the striations is called a cross
bridge
This thick and thin pattern repeats it’s self. One
section of this pattern is called a sarcomere
How movement occurs
 Contraction (movement) happens through a
process called sliding-filament mechanism
 The cross bridge attaches to the thin filament
and pulls it toward the center of the
sarcomere resulting in a contraction
Skeletal muscles
 Are Voluntary
 are used to move the body as well as keep it in place.
 Can be replaced by satellite cells that are located
adjacent to major muscles. Satellite cells are basic
and undifferentiated that can specialize to replace
skeletal muscle but will not function to full strength
 Tendons- muscle to bone
 Ligaments- bone to bone
 * the nucleus is located on the outside edge of cell.
Why is this?
Smooth muscle
 INVOLUNTARY
 Found in muscles that are involuntarily
controlled by the brain.
 Broke into two groups… single unit and
multiunit
 Single unit-whole muscle responds as a group
 Multiunit- each cell responds independently
dependant upon nerve frequency
Cardiac muscle
 Muscles of the heart
 Branched rather than cylindrical
 Is Autorythimatic- holds steady beat
involuntarily
 Generates own action potential
 *what is the gap that the branch crosses
between the branches of heart muscle called?
 PROBLEM 
 Muscle degeneration is the most common
 Result of lack of use or major injury
 Two main treatments are physical therapy or
a work out program.
Citations
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"Interactive Biology, by Leslie Samuel." Interactive Biology by Leslie Samuel. N.p., n.d. Web. 28
Aug. 2013.
Widmaier, E.P.W., Raft, H.R., and Strang, K.T.S. (2008). Wander’s Human Physiology:The
Mechianism of body functions. (11ed, pp. 254-279). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Higher Education
“Rich Wilkie's Portfolio: Character Design." Rich Wilkie's Portfolio: Character Design. N.p., n.d. Web.
28 Aug. 2013.
"Mammalian Smooth Muscle Tissue." Olympus Microscopy Resource Center. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Aug.
2013.
“Muscle." Muscle. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Aug. 2013.
“Molecular Expressions Microscopy Primer: Anatomy of the Microscope - Brightfield Microscopy
Digital Image Gallery - Mammalian Smooth Muscle Tissue." Molecular Expressions Microscopy
Primer: Anatomy of the Microscope - Brightfield Microscopy Digital Image Gallery - Mammalian
Smooth Muscle Tissue. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Aug. 2013.
"Illustration of Man Working Out." Illustration Of Man Working Out. Royalty Free Illustration by
FeaturePics.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Aug. 2013.
"Bicep Development for Beginners." Bicep Development for Beginners. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Aug.
2013.
"Anatomy Atlases: Atlas of Microscopic Anatomy: Section 1 - Cells." Anatomy Atlases: Atlas of
Microscopic Anatomy: Section 1 - Cells. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Aug. 2013.
 Happy Happy Happy 
 Study silently for the next 5 minutes for your
quiz.