Causes and Effects Lessons in History What can we learn from History? How does it instruct and what are the lessons to be learned? Wilsonian Internationalism • • • • • • • Making the World Safe for Democracy US Declaration of War and Entrance No Victors and No Vanquished The Fourteen Points League of Nations Defeat and Victory What were the Cause of the War? Versaille Revisited • • • • • • • Germany and an Armistice Fatherland Torn Asunder: Poland & CZ War Guilt Clause: Article 231 Reparations: $32 Billion Empire Dismantled and Mandate System Emasculated Military http://www.history.ucsb.edu/faculty/marcuse/clas ses/33d/projects/1920s/VersaillesTreatyCarlos.h tm Rise of Fascism • • • • • • • • Post War Instability t/o Europe Fascist Promise: Order! Anti Democratic and Anti Communist Dictatorship and The Strongman Constitutional Order Dead: NO Rights Use of Terror and Police State Corporatist Order and Militarism Marching to War Italy • Post War Conditions • Rise of Il Duce • Future Model Weimar Republic • • • • • Discord, Strife, Revolution and Poverty Democracy founded on eggshells Die Dicktat: The Right and The Left Ruhr Crisis, 1923 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustav_Strese mann • The Dawes Plan: Circuitous Payments The U.S. • • • • • • • WWI Disillusion Washington Accords Mexican Revolution & Imperial Interests Caribbean and Nicaragua Japan in Asia and Pacific Tide of Isolationism Dominant Power & Drift to Neutrality Rise of Hitler • • • • • • • • Der Drittle Reich & Fuerher Principle http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%BChrer Bavarian Putsch and Mein Kampf Racist Ideology: Aryans, Slavs and Jews The Communist & The West Lebenschraum Struggle: Survival of Fittest NAZI Party Search for Order • • • • • • • Democracy in Retreat France’s Paranoia & Alliances Locarno Treaty: Italy’s Role Germany & Soviet Union Kellogg Briand Peace Pact The Great Depression Manchurian Incident The Soviet Union • • • • • Bolsheviks & WWI Civil War: Reds v. Whites Lenin’s NEP Rise of Stalin: RED CZAR Isolation and Resurgence Sliding Towards War • • • • • • • Italian Adventurism in Africa Civil War in Spain Hitler and NAZI Seize Power, 1933 Militarization of the Rhineland Invasion of Austria, 1937 Munich Conference & CZ Poland and WWII, September 1939