A PRESENTATION OF INPUTS
OF HKILA ON“HK2030
PLANNING VISION AND
STRATEGYSTAGE 3 PUBLIC
CONSULTATION”
HONG KONG INSTITUTE OF
LAND ADMINISTRATION
(HKILA) - www hkila. hk
1
INDEX OF INPUTS


A VISION TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT
PROPOSED FUTURE ROADMAP –
DIRECTION I: PROVIDING A QUALITY LIVING
ENVIRONMENT- Sustainable Use of Land
Resource

SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PATTERNS
2
A VISION TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
-page 4 –Consultation Booklet (CB)
 “---ASIA’S WORLD CITY----”
 ---develop WORLD-CLASS “hard”
infrastructure and “soft” infrastructure-- ---to provide a HIGH QUALITY of life-- We need a SPATIAL PLANNING
FRAMEWORK to support and help achieve
these strategic objectives and policies.----------------------- adopted SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT as
an OVERARCHING GOAL."
3
A VISION TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT -HKILA’ Inputs
• We agreed to most of the “Vision”
statements.
• Except that we need more than a Spatial
Planning Framework (SPF)
• A pressing need for modern Land
Administration System (LAS):
 to support and help achieve these strategic
objectives and policies.
 to manage the competing economic, environmental
and social priorities that constitute Sustainable
Development .
4
A Global Land Administration Perspective
(based on Enemark & Sevantal 1999)
5
A VISION TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT- HKILA’ Inputs
“Integrated planning and management of land
resources is the subject of chapter 10 of Agenda
21-----.This broad integrative view of land
resources,------, is the basis of Agenda 21 and
the Commission on Sustainable Development
consideration of land issues.------“
UN-Commission on Sustainable Development-CSD 2000 –
http://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/sdissues/land/land.htm
6
A VISION TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT -HKILA’ Inputs
 UN-FIG Bogor-Declaration (1996): visions for
modern cadastral infrastructures:
(1) to support long term sustainable development and
land management;
(2) to fully service the escalating needs of greatly
increased urban populations.
(International Federation of Surveyors (FIG)-- http://www.fig7.org.uk/)
 UN-FIG Bathurst Declaration (1999):
• dynamic humankind/land-relationship,
• sustainable development needs sound land
administration.
(U N FIG (1999) Bathurst Declaration on Land Administration for Sustainable Development and
Proceedings of UN-FIG International Conference, Melbourne, 24-27 October 1999. )
7
A VISION TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT- HKILA’ Inputs
Confirmed by
• six UN agencies-Economic Commission for
Europe (UNECE), Food and Agriculture
Organization of the United Nations (FAO)etc.,
• the World Bank, and
• the UN Director for Sustainable Development.
(ABSTRACT OF “SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURES AND GOOD GOVERNANCE: FRAMEWORKS FOR LAND ADMINISTRATION REFORM TO SUPPORT
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT.” Lisa Ting & Ian Williamson, Department of
Geomatics, The University of Melbourne, 4th Global Spatial Data Infrastructure
Conference, Cape Town, South Africa, 13-15 March 2000 )
8
PROPOSED FUTURE ROADMAP –
DIRECTION I: PROVIDING A QUALITY LIVING
ENVIRONMENT- Sustainable Use of Land
Resource - 11 -Consultation_Booklet
 Rural Planning and Land Management
“Some people have suggested that the
Government could take more proactive measures
to address these complex issues. A holistic
approach involving policy review, new
implementation mechanism and land
management practices with adequate funding
support would be a possible option. This
alternative for a holistic land management system,
however, requires significant resources and
extensive private participation.”
9
HKILA’ Inputs on “Proactive Measures”&
“A Possible Option”
 CB did not recognise
• the importance of land as a basic
cross-cutting issue -cross-sector aspects of the
modern LAS which would cater for all land-related
issues.
• Sustainable Development needs
sound Land Administration.
 CB put the comments on “holistic land
management system” under ‘Rural Planning
and Land Management’
10
Placing LA System in context
COUNTRY
Geography
Economy
Development
Policy
History
Law
Land Tenure
Arrangements
Government
Land Law
Market-Place
Considerations
Land Policy
Land
Administration
Arrangements
Public Lands LM
Land
Settlement
Land
Survey
Private Lands LM
Land
Registration
Land
Valuation
and
Assessment
Source: Land Administration (Peter Dale and John McLaughlin)
Land Use
Control and
Management
Infrastructure
Utilities
11
HKILA’ Inputs on “Proactive
Measures”& “A Possible Option”
• “ Sustainable development demands complex
decision-making. Complex decision-making
requires ready access to current, relevant
and accurate information.
• Of particular significance is information
from a spatial perspective that links into
GIS, SDI and Decision support systems
(DSS).”
(ABSTRACT OF “SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURES AND GOOD GOVERNANCE: -FRAMEWORKS FOR LAND
ADMINISTRATION REFORM TO SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT.” Lisa Ting & Ian Williamson,
Department of Geomatics, The University of Melbourne, 4th Global Spatial Data Infrastructure Conference, Cape
Town, South Africa, 13-15 March 2000 )
12
HKILA’ Inputs on “Proactive Measures”& “A
Possible Option”
Modern land administration studies and
experiences have led to the conclusion that
• adequate LAS is crucial to Sustainable
Development,
• sound Land Information System (LIS) is
crucial to adequate LAS and
• integrated Spatial/Geo-referenced Data
Information System (S/GDIS) is crucial
to sound LIS
13
HKILA’ Inputs on “alternative for a
holistic land management system”
• Growing awareness of the LAS and the
SDI by countries and cities in Asia region,
• Hong Kong is losing its competitive
edge in the information strategy and
public administration for ignoring
this important aspect of SDI
development
14
HKILA’ Inputs on “alternative for a
holistic land management system”
• One of the top priorities of digital earth
development strategy in China is to
build China's National Spatial Data
Infrastructure (CNSDI). (The Digital Earth
(DE) strategy has been vigorously developed in
recent years especially in Pearl River and Yangtse
River Delta cities.)
http://www.upo.com.cn/eupo/index_02.asp?classid=3&Nclassid=8&articleid=84
URBAN PLANNING ONLINE, Guangzhou Urban Planning Automatic Center
• Even Macau has taken the initiative to
establish SDI under the Cartography
and Cadastre Bureau (DSCC)http://www.gis.gov.mo/dscc/engl/newfirst.htm
15
HKILA’ Inputs on “alternative for a
holistic land management system”
• HKSAR Government have a tradition of
separate governmental institutions
involved in the L A implementation
work.
• Tedious and separate inquiries have to
be made about relevant spatial
/cadastral information before any
decision can be made and appropriate
action can take place.
16
HKILA’ Inputs on “alternative for a
holistic land management system” -The
Current LAS in HKSAR
The Planning & Lands Bureau
Lands Unit
Planning Unit
Buildings Unit
U R Unit
Lands Dept
T P Board
Land Registry
URA
Planning Dept.
Land Administration Office
Survey & Mapping Office
Legal Advice & Conveyance Office
17
Spatial data information system in HKSARG
Land Registry (LR)
• An Integrated Registration Information
System (IRIS) to replace the existing
fragmented core business systems.
Survey and Mapping Office (SMO)
• The digital map features are separately
coded thereby enabling selective retrieval
and display. The L I Centre for maintaining
a set of topographical mapping information
in digital form,
18
Spatial data information system in HKSARG
 Town Planning Board Spatial Data
Information System
• The e- Statutory Plans- All Statutory Plans (The
Outline Zoning Plans and Development
Permission Area plans), uploaded onto the
Internet. http://www.ozp.tpb.gov.hk/eng/disclaimeraccept.htm
• The e-Planninginfo Archives - New online
planning information service
http://www.ozp.tpb.gov.hk/epa/eng/DisclaimerAccept.htm
 Planning Department (PD) -Setting up of A
spatial planning information system
19
Spatial data information system in HKSARG
 Sustainable Development Council-THE
CASET SYSTEM- The Computer Aided
Sustainability Evaluation Tool System is
accompanied by a powerful Geographical
Information System (GIS)/database
containing the datasets relevant to the
sustainability indicators.
 The Census and Statistics Department-Census Pro 2001 GIS CD-ROM Package is a
powerful knowledge-based product includes the
superb Geographical Information System
(GIS) functions and features.
http://www.info.gov.hk/censtatd/eng/public/pub_list/CDROM/hkcp2001.htm
20
Spatial data information system -GIS in other
Government departments or subvented
institutions
• Environmental Protection Department
• Buildings Department
• Building Services engineering
• Highway Department
• Water Supply Department
• Urban Renewal Authority
• Civil Engineering Department
• FISHERIES IMPACT ASSESSMENT -the KCRC
Spur Line
• Registration & Electoral Office- January 2003
21
Spatial data information system in
HKSARG
Two initiatives within Government to integrate the
spatial data assets:
1.
A consultancy study to examine the sharing and exchange
among concerned Government departments of
geographical data collated for land,
planning, development and other purposes.
This study will involve a total of 13 departments,
2.
A joint study for developing the technical
infrastructure for exchanging underground
utilities information electronically and
automatically. (Highways Department, in conjunction with Drainage Services
Department, Water Supplies Department, and five major utility undertakers),
22
HKILA’ Inputs on “alternative for a
holistic land management system”
• These diverse information arrangements are
normally well established politically and
historically hence it is costly to rectify them.
• But it will be cost even more not to alter
them as they :
(a)failed to meet the great public demands for
rapid access to relevant and correct
information :
23
HKILA’ Inputs on “alternative for a
holistic land management system”
(b) have caused confusion resulting in
wrong decisions and undesirable
outcomes in some of the recent socioeconomic policies for lack of
transparency & accessibility.
(c) have resulted in duplication of efforts,
unnecessary additional costs,
inaccuracies/inconsistencies in the
data.
24
WHY SPATIAL DATA
INFRASTRUCTURES?
INFRASTRUCTURE
INTEGRATION OF DATA
SHARING DATA
BETTER INFORMATION
MAKING BETTER ECONOMIC, SOCIAL
AND ENVIRONMENTAL DECISIONS
25
BASIC DATA LAYERS OF AN SDI
CLIMATE
RESTRICTIVE SITES
LAND CONDITION
LAND USE
FAUNA
LAND COVER/ VEGETATION
SOILS
HYDROGEOLOGY
GEOLOGY / MINING
FEATURE / LOCALITY NAMES
MAJOR UTILITY SERVICES
ADMINISTRATIVE BOUNDARIES
SATELLITE IMAGERY
TRANSPORTATION
DRAINAGE / SHORELINES
DIGITAL SURFACE MODEL
CADASTRE
SURVEY CONTROL NETWORK
26
HKILA’ Inputs on “alternative for a
holistic land management system
• Unification of Spatial Data systems to
form the LIS is more urgent than
statutory and regulatory reforms or the
introduction of new systems and
technologies.
• A modern Cadastre and an unified L I S
should be established.
• LR to push ahead Land Title Registration.
• SMO to complete the Cadastral Survey.
27
HKILA’ Inputs on “alternative for a
holistic land management system
• The present Land Information Centre (LIC) in
the SMO of the Lands Department should be
expanded to become an independent
organization under a Land
Administration Authority (L A A).
• The present cadastral and spatial data
processes in SMO, LR and LAO should be
unified and administered within the LIC
28
Unification/Centralization of the HKSAR Spatial
Data Systems within the LAS
Land
Administratio
n Authority
Land Information
Centre
Spatial Data from Urban
Renewal Authority
CASET System of the
Sustainable Development
Council
Spatial Data from the Town
Planning Board & the
Planning Department
Land
Administration
office
Survey &
Land
Mapping
Registry
Office
Spatial Data from the Census
& Statatistics Dept.
Spatial Data from other
Departments
29
HKILA’ Inputs on “alternative for a
holistic land management system”
• Pulling together digital spatial
information from various
GOVERNMENT and PRIVATE agencies.
• The LIC will be an ONE-STOP
RESOURCE CENTRE for complete,
comprehensive and accurate digitised
spatial/cadastral data.
30
HKILA’ Inputs on
“significant resources ”
[UN-ECE Guidelines on Land
Administration, 1996]
The central issue is not whether
countries can afford such a
system, but whether they can
Afford To Live Without One.
31
HKILA’ Inputs on
“significant resources ”
[UN-ECE Guidelines on Land
Administration, 1996]:
Although land records are expensive to
compile and to keep up to date, a good
land administration system can
produce benefits that significantly
outweight the costs.
32
HKILA’ Inputs on
“significant resources ”
• Both LR and SMO have already
demonstrated their abilities in cost
recovery for their IT Strategy
development projects.
LR is operating cost-effectively as
a Trading Fund entity
SMO is pushing for privatisation
33
HKILA’ Inputs on “ extensive private
participation”
• Effort towards achieving Sustainable
Development always require extensive
Public and private partnership
• The land and property-related institutions
(Public or Private) must cooperate both
among themselves and with the users
in order to produce a centralized LIS and
related individual databases that will suit the
needs of each organization.
34
HKILA’ Inputs on “ extensive private
participation”
• The resources of the private sector can be
used both in the introduction and in the
updating and maintenance of An LIS.
• There should be a clear definition of those
parts of the total land administration
that must be undertaken by governmental offices,
and those activities that should be left to the
private sector.
35
HKILA’ Inputs on “ extensive private
participation”
The institutions need
• to refocus Land Administration
education, training and organisations
to reflect market requirements for
modern holistic approach rather than
traditional divisional specialisations.
• to encourage Public and private
partnership in the modern human
resource development
36
SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT
PATTERNS (SDP)
 CONSOLIDATION PATTERN
 DECENTRALISATION
PATTERN
 IMPLICATIONS OF
DEVELOPMENT PATTERNS
 EVALUATION OF THE
OPTIONS
37
HKILA’ Inputs on SDP
• It is very important for SDP to have a
formal relationship with the LAS
because of the impact that development
proposals will have on the land and the
associated land rights.
• SDP would result in new subdivisions
of the land and new patterns of land
use. IV. LAND-USE PLANNING- Land Administration Guidelines , 9
August 2000, the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
(ECE)
38
HKILA’ Inputs on SDP
• Failure to identify existing patterns and
rights of ownership frequently leads to
delays or even failure in development
programmes, especially in urban areas.
• “The key issue is : “ No compensation is
payable to property owners who may be
affected by the government's regulation
on land use through zoning except in the
case of resumption under the Lands
Resumption Ordinance.”
http://www.info.gov.hk/bspu/ehtml/paper_economic_content17.htm The
Business and Services Promotion Unit, Hong Kong Economic Policy Studies
Series -Major policy recommendations and the Administration's views -Town
Planning in Hong Kong: a Critical View-Author- Lawrence Wai-chung LAI
39
HKILA’ Inputs on SDP
• SDP is primarily concerned with future land usethe interaction between land rights and land
management.
• includes the enjoyment of the land and the
rights that are associated with it.
• Should rely on some form of land administration
infrastructure which permits the complex range
of Rights, Restrictions and Responsibilities
in land to be identified, mapped and
managed as a basis for policy formulation and
implementation.
40
HKILA’ Inputs on SDP
“Decision support systems (DSS) link into that
infrastructure to help manage and analyse
information for the process of decision-making.
imperative driving
forces in the development of a new
generation of land administration systems
that are appropriate for the changing
humankind-land relationship.”
Relevant DSS and SDI are
(
ABSTRACT OF “SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURES AND GOOD GOVERNANCE: FRAMEWORKS FOR LAND ADMINISTRATION REFORM TO SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT.” Lisa Ting & Ian Williamson, Department of Geomatics, The University of Melbourne, 4th
Global Spatial Data Infrastructure Conference, Cape Town, South Africa, 13-15 March 2000 )
41
HKILA’ Inputs on SDP
• Concern about SDP ‘s Equity,
Transparency and Accessibility
• Implications and evaluation of the Consolidation
Pattern Decentralisation Pattern may be
incomplete, inaccurate and misleading
without the support of the Land
Administration System.
• Land administration has a critical role
in helping to address the
tension between environment
and development
42
香港土地行政學會
Hong Kong Institute of Land Administration
43
Attachment 1 –SUGGESTED REFERENCES
ON LAND ADMINISTRATION
• Dale P.D. and McLaughlin, J.D., Land
Information Management, Clarendon Press:
Oxford, 1988 (especially chapters 1 and 2).
(RESERVE)
• Dale P.D. and McLaughlin, J.D. Land
Administration, Oxford University Press,
1999 (Chapter 2) (RESERVE)
• Papers by Prof Ian WIlliamson and other
researchers:
http://www.sli.unimelb.edu.au/research/publications/IPW_publ.html
44
Attachment 1 -SUGGESTED REFERENCES ON
LAND ADMINISTRATION
• UNECE, Land Administration Guidelines, WPLAMeeting of Land Administratorshttp://www.unece.org/env/hs/wpla/welcome.html
• IAMSD- Land Management Issues -- Inter-Agency
Meeting on Sustainable Development
http://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/land.htm
• International Federation of Surveyors (FIG)Commission 7 for Cadastre & Land Managementhttp://www.fig7.org.uk/
• U N FIG (1999) Bathurst Declaration on Land
Administration for Sustainable Development and
Proceedings of UN-FIG International Conference,
Melbourne, 24-27 October 1999.
http://www.geom/unimelb.edu.au/UNConf99/
45
Attachment 1Suggested References for Cadastres
•
FIG Statement on the Cadastre:
http://www.sli.unimelb.edu.au/fig7/cadastre/statement_on_cadastr
e.html.
•
•
Henssen, J.L.G. and Williamson I.P. Land
Registration, Cadastre and its interaction: A
world perspective. Proceedings of FIG XIX
International Congress, Vol7, Helsinki, Finland:
14-43 (1990).
Larsson, G., Land Registration and
Cadastral Systems, Longman Scientific and
Technical: London, 1991. (RESERVE)
46
Attachment 1-Reference Links (GIS)
•
•
•
•
•
Geo.com-http://spatialnews.geocomm.com/education/tutorials/
USGS-http://www.usgs.gov/research/gis/title.html
ESRI-http://www.esri.com/company/index.html
ESRI(CHINA)-http://www.esrichina-hk.com/
Geocarto International centre
http://www.geocarto.com/hkchinaad.html
• GIS Dictionary -http://www.geo.ed.ac.uk/agidict/welcome.html
• Dictionary
http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/EART/abbrev.html
47
Attachment 1 -Reference Links (SDI/LIS)
• Rajabifard, A. and Williamson, I.P., 2001. Spatial
Data Infrastructures: Concept, SDI Hierarchy
and Future directions, Proceedings of
GEOMATICS'80 Conference, Tehran, Iran.
http://www.geom.unimelb.edu.au/research/public
ations/IPW/4_01Raj_Iran.pdf
• http://www.anzlic.org.au/
http://www.auslic.gov.au/
http://www.permcom.apgis.gov.au/
http://www.eurogi.org/
http://www.gsdi.org/
48
Attachment 1 -Other Reference Links
• United Nations Environmental Programme:
http://www.unep.or.jp/ietc/publications/insight/jun-98/2.asp
• World Bank Group: Land Policy and Administration
http://lnweb18.worldbank.org/ESSD/essdext.nsf/24ByDocName/LandPolicyand
Administration
• International Institute for SUS DEV http://www.iisd.ca/
• FAO-SUS DEV Department
http://www.fao.org/sd/index_en.htm
•
FAO-Land Reform- http://www.fao.org/sd/LTdirect/landrf.htm
• Sustainable Development HKSAR
http://www.susdev.gov.hk/text/en/index.htm
49
Attachment 2-Power Point
Land Administration Reference
• Modernisation of the Land
Administration (L A) IN Hong Kong
Special Administration Region
(HKSAR)
• Attachments (1-13)
50
Attachment 2-Power Point -Attachments of ”Modernisation
of the Land Administration (L A) IN Hong Kong Special
Administration Region (HKSAR)
Topics
Frame No.
1.
References
91-96
2.
Introduction to and Administration
97-114
3.
Land Administration in Denmark
115-145
4.
Cadastre 2014
146-181
5.
Conception and multi-sources enrichment of
significant features for a multi-purpose cadastre
182-203
6.
Digital Cadastral Data Base
204-222
51
Attachment 2-Power Point -Attachments of ”Modernisation
of the Land Administration (L A) IN Hong Kong Special
Administration Region (HKSAR)
7.
8.
Spatial Data Infrastructure
National and International Spatial Data
Infrastructure
223-271
272-317
The Role of Spatial Data Infrastructure
in supporting Decision-Making
318-354
10. Victoria’s Spatial Data Infrastructure
355-379
11. Examples of Unified LA Structure
380-422
9.
12.
GIS In Other Government Departments Or
Subvented Institutions (Detail Version)
423-444
13.
International Universities
/Institutes offering Degrees in L A and L M
445-450
52
Attachment 3-Word Files-
• Submission for “A Public Consultation On
The Review of the Draft 2004 Digital 21
Strategy”
• HKILA’s Submission on the “Public
Consultation on Review of the Nature
Conservation Policy”
• 香港2030:一項策略性的規劃研究-第二階段
公眾諮詢-學會建議文件的行政摘要
53