Discovering Computers
Fundamentals,
2012 Edition
Your Interactive Guide
to the Digital World
Objectives Overview
Identify the keys and buttons
commonly found on desktop
computer keyboards, and
describe how keyboards for
mobile computers and devices
differ from desktop computer
keyboards
Describe different mouse types
Describe various types of touch
screens and explain how a
touch-sensitive pad works
Describe various types of pen
input
See Page 187
for Detailed Objectives
Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition
Chapter 5
2
Objectives Overview
Explain other types of
input
Explain the characteristics
of LCD monitors, LCD
screens, and CRT monitors
Identify the purpose and
features of speakers,
headphones, and earbuds; data projectors; and
interactive whiteboards
See Page 187
for Detailed Objectives
Summarize the various
types of printers
Identify input and output
options for physically
challenged users
Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition
Chapter 5
3
What Is Input?
• Input is any data and instructions entered into the
memory of a computer
Pages 188– 189
Figure 5-1
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Chapter 5
4
What Is Input?
An input device
is any hardware
component that
allows users to
enter data and
instructions into
a computer
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5
Keyboard and Pointing Devices
Page 189
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Chapter 5
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Keyboard and Pointing Devices
• A keyboard is an input device that contains keys
users press to enter data and instructions into a
computer
Page 190
Figure 5-2
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Keyboard and Pointing Devices
• Most desktop computer keyboards have…
Page 190
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Keyboard and Pointing Devices
• An ergonomic keyboard has a design that reduces
the chance of wrist and hand injuries
• Ergonomics incorporates comfort, efficiency, and
safety into the design of the workplace
Page 190
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Keyboard and Pointing Devices
• Keyboards on mobile devices typically are smaller
and/or have fewer keys
• Some phones have predictive text input, which
saves time when entering text using the phone’s
keypad
Page 191
Figure 5-3
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10
Keyboard and Pointing Devices
• A mouse is a pointing device that fits under the
palm of your hand comfortably
– Most widely used pointing device on desktop
computers today
• A mouse can be wired or wireless
• An optical mouse emits and senses
light to detect mouse movement
Pages 191 – 192
Figure 5-4
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Chapter 5
11
Page 192
Figures 5-5 – 5-7
• A touchpad is
a small, flat,
rectangular
pointing
device that is
sensitive to
pressure and
motion
Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition
Chapter 5
Pointing Stick
• A trackball is a
stationary
pointing
device with a
ball on its top
or side
Touchpad
Trackball
Keyboard and Pointing Devices
• A pointing
stick is a
pressuresensitive
pointing
device shaped
like a pencil
eraser that is
positioned
between keys
on a keyboard
12
Touch Screens and Touch-Sensitive Pads
• A touch screen is a touch-sensitive display device
Page 193
Figure 5-8
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13
Touch Screens and Touch-Sensitive Pads
Microsoft Surface
Page 193
Figures 5-9 – 5-10
Touch-sensitive pads
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Chapter 5
14
Pen Input
• With pen input, you touch a stylus or digital pen on a flat
surface to write, draw, or make selections
• Stylus is the primary input device for PDAs
Page 194
Figure 5-11
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15
Other Types of Input
Page 195
Figure 5-12
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16
Other Types of Input
• Video games and computer games use a game controller
as the input device that directs movements and actions
of on-screen objects
Gamepads
Pages 196 - 197
Joysticks and
Wheels
Light guns
Motionsensing
controllers
Wii Remote
Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition
Chapter 5
Dance pads
17
Other Types of Input
Page 196
Figure 5-13
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18
Other Types of Input
• A digital camera is a mobile device that allows
users to take pictures and store them digitally
Studio cameras
Field cameras
Point-and-shoot cameras
Page 197
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19
Other Types of Input
Page 197
Figure 5-14
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20
Other Types of Input
• Two factors affect the quality of digital camera photos:
Resolution
Page 198
• Resolution is the
number of horizontal
and vertical pixels in
a display device
• A pixel is the smallest
element in an
electronic display
Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition
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21
Other Types of Input
• Voice input is the process of entering input by
speaking into a microphone
– Your voice is the traditional input method for smart
phones.
• Voice recognition is the computer’s capability of
distinguishing spoken words.
– Current voice recognition programs can recognize
millions of words.
• Audio input is the process of entering any sound
into the computer
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22
Other Types of Input
• Music production software allows users to record,
compose, mix, and edit music and sounds. Users input
music and other sound effects using external MIDI devices
like an electronic piano keyboard.
Page 198
Figure 5-15
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23
Other Types of Input
• Video input is the process of capturing full-motion images and
storing them on a computer’s storage medium
Record video on a digital video (DV) camera or use a
video capture card to convert analog signals to digital
Connect the camera to a port on the system unit
Transfer video and images
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Video: Video Editing on Your Computer
CLICK TO START
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25
Other Types of Input
• A Web cam is a type of digital video camera that
enables a user to:
Capture video and
still images
Send e-mail
messages with
video attachments
Broadcast live
images over the
Internet
Page 199
Add live images to
instant messages
Make video
telephone calls
Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition
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26
Other Types of Input
• A video conference is a meeting between two or
more geographically separated people
• To participate in a video conference, users need
video conferencing software, microphones,
speakers, and a web cam.
Page 199
Figures 5-16 – 5-17
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27
Other Types of Input
• A flatbed scanner creates a file of the document
in memory
– Works in a manner similar to a copy machine
Page 200
Figure 5-18
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28
Other Types of Input
• Optical character recognition (OCR) involves reading
characters from ordinary documents
• A turnaround document is a document you return to the
company that creates and sends it
Page 200
Figure 5-19
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Other Types of Input
• Optical mark recognition (OMR) reads hand-drawn
marks such as small circles or rectangles
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Other Types of Input
• A bar code reader, also
called a bar code
scanner uses laser
beams to read bar
codes
Page 201
Figure 5-20
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31
Other Types of Input
• RFID (radio frequency identification) uses radio signals to
communicate with a tag placed in or attached to an object
• An RFID reader reads information on the tag via radio waves
• RFID can track:
Times of
runners in a
marathon
Location of
soldiers
Inventory
Page 201
Employee
wardrobes
Pressure and
temperature
of tires
Airline
baggage
Checked out
library books
Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition
Chapter 5
Lift tickets of
skiers
Toll payments
32
Other Types of Input
• Magnetic stripe card readers read the magnetic
stripe on the back of cards such as:
Credit cards
Entertainment cards
Bank cards
Other similar cards
Pages 201
Figure 5-22
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33
Other Types of Input
• MICR (magnetic ink character recognition) devices read text
printed with magnetized ink
• An MICR reader converts MICR characters into a form the
computer can process
• Banking industry uses MICR for check processing
Page 202
Figure 5-23
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34
Other Types of Input
• Biometrics authenticates a person’s identity by
verifying a personal characteristic
Fingerprint
reader
Face
recognition
system
Signature
verification
system
Pages 202 - 203
Hand
geometry
system
Iris recognition
system
Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition
Chapter 5
Voice
verification
system
Retinal
scanners
35
Other Types of Input
Fingerprint scanners are the most widely used biometric device today.
iris
recognition
system
fingerprint
reader
Pages 202 – 203
Figures 5-24 – 5-25
Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition
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36
Other Types of Input
• A terminal is a computer that allows users to send data
to and/or receive information from a host computer
A POS terminal
records purchases,
processes payment,
and updates
inventory – used in
grocery stores and
most retail stores
Pages 204 – 205
Figures 5-26 – 5-28
An automated teller
machine (ATM)
allows users to access
their bank accounts
A DVD kiosk is a selfservice DVD rental
machine
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37
What Is Output?
• Output is data that has been processed into a
useful form
Pages 206 – 207
Figure 5-29
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38
What Is Output?
• An output device is any type of hardware
component that conveys information to one or
more people
Display
devices
Printers
Data
projectors
Page 206
Speakers,
headphones,
and earbuds
Interactive
whiteboards
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39
Display Devices
• A display device visually
conveys text, graphics,
and video information
• A monitor is packaged
as a separate peripheral
– LCD monitor
– Widescreen
Pages 207 – 208
Figure 5-30
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40
Display Devices
• Liquid crystal display (LCD) uses a liquid compound to
present information on a display device
Resolution
Response time
Dot pitch
Page 209
Brightness
Contrast ratio
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41
Display Devices
• Plasma monitors are display devices that use gas
plasma technology and offer screen sizes up to
150 inches
Page 210
Figure 5-32
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Video: SID: Size Matters
CLICK TO START
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43
Display Devices
• A CRT monitor is a desktop monitor that contains
a cathode-ray tube
• Pixel (picture-element) smallest element in an
electronic image.
Page 210
Figure 5-33
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Printers
• A printer
produces text
and graphics on
a physical
medium
• Before
purchasing a
printer, ask
yourself a series
of questions
Page 211
Figure 5-34
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Printers
Page 212
Figure 5-35
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46
Printers
• A nonimpact printer forms characters and
graphics on a piece of paper without actually
striking the paper
Ink-jet
printers
Photo
printers
Mobile
printers
Page 213
Laser
printers
Plotters
Thermal
printers
Largeformat
printers
Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition
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47
Printers
• An ink-jet printer forms characters and graphics by
spraying tiny drops of liquid ink onto a piece of paper
– Color or black-and-white
– Printers with a higher dpi (dots per inch) produce a higher
quality output
Page 213
Figure 5-36
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Chapter 5
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Printers
A photo printer produces color
photo-lab-quality pictures
• Most use ink-jet technology
• PictBridge allows you to print photos
directly from a digital camera
• Print from a memory card and preview
photos on a built-in LCD screen
Page 214
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Printers
Page 214
Figure 5-37
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Printers
Highspeed
Blackandwhite
Laser
printer
Highquality
Color
Pages 214 – 215
Figure 5-38
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51
Printers
• A multifunction peripheral (MFP) is a single
device that prints, scans, copies, and in some
cases, faxes
– Sometimes called an all-in-one device
Page 215
Figure 5-39
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Printers
• A thermal printer generates images by pushing
electrically heated pins against the heat-sensitive
paper
Dyesublimation
printer
Pages 215 – 216
Figure 5-40
Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition
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Printers
• A mobile printer is a
small, lightweight,
battery-powered printer
that allows a mobile
user to print from a
mobile device
Page 216
Figure 5-41
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Printers
• Plotters are used to produce high-quality
drawings
• Large-format printers create photo-realistic
quality color prints on a larger scale
Page 216
Figure 5-42
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55
Printers
• Impact printers form characters and graphics on a
piece of paper by striking a mechanism against an
inked ribbon that physically contacts the paper
Dot-matrix
printer
Page 217
Line
printer
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56
Printers
• A dot-matrix printer
produces printed
images when tiny wire
pins on a print head
mechanism strike an
inked ribbon
• A line printer prints an
entire line at a time
Page 217
Figure 5-43
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Other Output Devices
• An audio output device produces music, speech,
or other sounds
Most computer users attach
speakers to their computers to:
• Generate higher-quality sounds for playing
games
• Interact with multimedia presentations
• Listen to music
• View movies
Page 217
Figure 5-44
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Other Output Devices
• Headphones are
speakers that cover or
are placed outside of
the ear
• Earbuds (also called
earphones) rest inside
the ear canal
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Other Output Devices
Voice output occurs when you hear a
person’s voice or when the computer
talks to you through the speakers
• Some Web sites dedicate themselves to
providing voice output
• Often works with voice input
• VoIP uses voice output and voice input
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Other Output Devices
• A data projector is a
device that takes the
text and images
displaying on a
computer screen and
projects them on a
larger screen
Page 218
Figure 5-45
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Other Output Devices
• An interactive
whiteboard is a touchsensitive device,
resembling a dry-erase
board, that displays the
image on a connected
computer screen
Page 218
Figure 5-46
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Putting It All Together
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Figure 5-47
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Putting It All Together
Page 219
Figure 5-47
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Putting It All Together
Page 219
Figure 5-47
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Input and Output Devices
for Physically Challenged Users
Head-mounted pointer
Pages 220 – 221
Figures 5-48 – 5-49
Braille printer
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Chapter 5
66
Summary
Various techniques for
entering input and
several commonly
used input devices
Page 222
Various methods of
output and several
commonly used
output devices
Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition
Chapter 5
67
Discovering Computers
Fundamentals,
2012 Edition
Your Interactive Guide
to the Digital World
Chapter 5 Complete