Rels. 205 Lecture 11.1
Christian Reactions
John Wesley (1703-1791)
Jonathan Edwards
(1703-1758)
Evangelicals
“They translate into meaning and life all the liberal plans
for the education of adults and children …”
Frederick Denison Maurice
Charles Finney
(1792-1875)
John Wesley
(1703-1791)
Charles Grandison Finney
(1792-1875)
Lectures on Revival (1835)
Systematic Theology (1847)
Oberlin College, 1837
Anti-Slavery
200th. Anniversary of the Abolition of the
North Atlantic Slave Trade
Slavery was abolished in the
British Empire in 1833
Amazing Grace
Gustavus Vassa
(Olaudah Equiano)
http://www.amazinggracemovie.com/
Charles Hodge (1797-1878)
John Henry Newman
(1801-1890)
Historical Truth
And if we trace back the
power or ordination from
hand to hand, of course
we shall come to the
Apostles at last.
The Idea of the University
(1852)
http://www.newmanreader.org/works/idea/#contents
Apostolic Succession
Frederick Denison Maurice
(1805-1872)
The Kingdom of God
(1838)
Christian Socialism
A church which was looked upon,
and almost looked upon itself, as a
tool of the aristocracy …The Liberal
proclamation which says, “Teach
them …” was more genial and
humane ... More impressive far was
the speech of the Methodist and the
Evangelical …
Adolph von Harnack
(1851-1930)
Fatherhood of God – Brotherhood of Man
To our modern way of thinking
and feeling, Christ's message
appears in the clearest and
most direct light when grasped
in connexion with the idea of
God the Father and the infinite
value of the human soul.
World War I - The Failure of Liberalism
Impact on Church – lost generation
Karl Barth (1886-1968)
B.B. Warfield (1851-1921)
John Gresham Machen
(1881-1937)
The Fundamentals - Issues
Rejection of theological liberalism
Reality of sin
Christ’s death as an atonement for sin
Resurrection of Christ – empty tomb
Reliability of the Bible - the Word of God
Some Fundamentalist Authors
James Orr - Edinburgh
B. B. Warfield - Princeton
Sir Robert Anderson - London
H. C. G. Moule - Durham
W. H. Griffith Thomas - Toronto
The Impact
Church splits
Schisms
Power struggles
After World War II
The rebirth of Evangelicalism
William Franklin “Billy” Graham (1918-)
The Crusade
Peace With God (1953)
Christianity Today
James Barr
Fundamentalism (1981)
Barr’s Fundamentalism - 1
1. A very strong emphasis on the inerrancy
of the Bible, the absence from it of
any sort of error;
2) a strong hostility to modern theology
and to the methods, results and
implications of modern critical
study of the Bible;
Barr’s Fundamentalism – 2
3) an assurance that those who do
not share their religious viewpoint
are not really ‘ture Christians’ at all
(Barr 1981:1)
Barr’s Fundamentalism - 3
“fundamentalism is a bad word: the peop
to whom it is applied do not like to be so
called. It is often felt to be a hostile and
opprobrious term, suggesting narrownes
bigotry, obscurantism and sectarianism”
(Barr 1981:2)
History of Fundamentalism
S. G. Cole, The History of Fundamentalism
New York, 1931
George Marsden, Fundamentalism and
American Culture,New York: Oxford
University Press, 1980
E.J. Carnell, The Case for Orthodox
Theology, London, Marshall Morgan and
Scott, 1961
Evangelicals
A fundamentalist with a Ph.D.
Issue of culture and lifestyle
Question of Eschatology
Fundamentalism = pre-millenialism
Evangelicalism = open issue
i.e. Pre, Post, or “A” millenialists
J.I. Packer
Fundamentalism and the Word of God, London, InterVarsity Press, 1958.
Kenneth Kitchen
London - Egyptology
Evangelical scholarship
Larry Hurtado – Edinburgh - New Testament
Alvin Plantinga – Nortre Dame – Philosophy
Mark Noll – Wheaton College – History
James Davidson Hunter – Virginia - Sociology