The Atom
• Atomic Clock
• Atom Bomb
• Atom Ant
What Do You Think?
• Draw a diagram of what you think an atom
looks like.
• Are atoms mostly
– Empty space
– Stuff
– Equal parts of each
Challenge Question
• Atoms are mostly …
______________________________________
Connection
• If an atom had 11 protons, how many
electrons does it have?
How do you know?
Vocabulary
Define in words, diagrams or both
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Proton
Neutron
Electron
Nucleus
Electron cloud
Charge
Element
atom
Check
Quizlet – I
have made
this set for
you.
Resources
(places to look for information)
•
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Bill Nye – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CnjxrFNie5I
Holt Physical Science Text, pages 288-289
Sciencesaurus Text, pages 255-257
Chem4Kidshttp://www.chem4kids.com/files/atom_intro.html
• The Atom PowerPoint – (see Science Website)
Objective
Notes
Describe what
an atom is
Describe an
element
Describe the
subatomic
particles that
make up atoms
Describe how
atoms are put
together
Particle
Location
Charge
Mass
Other
Parts of an Atom
Notes
First off, what is an atom?
• Atoms are the smallest parts to which an
element can be divided yet still be that
element.
• Atoms are the building blocks of all
matter.
Describe an element
• A substance made up of only one kind of atom
How small is an atom?
• An atom is so small that a penny contains
about 2 x 1022 or
20,000,000,000,000,000,000,000
atoms!!!
But there’s more…
• Atoms consist of even smaller particles. These
include:
– Protons
– Neutrons
– Electrons
The Nucleus
• The center of an atom
• Small, dense (packed tightly)
• Contains protons and neutrons: most
of the atom’s mass
• So dense, if it were the size of a grape,
it would weigh over 9 million tons!
Protons
• Located in the
nucleus
• Positive charge (+)
• Mass of 1 atomic
mass unit (amu)
protons = positive
Neutrons
• Located in the
nucleus
• Have no charge neutral
• Mass of 1 amu
neutrons = neutral
Electrons
• Found outside of the nucleus in electron
clouds
– (think of rings around a target)
• Negatively charged (-)
• Mass of almost zero
• Number of electrons equals the numbers of
protons to cancel out the charges
– (think of -1+1=0)
electrons = negative
How Atoms Are Put Together
The protons and
neutrons make up the
center or nucleus.
Objective
Notes
Describe what
an atom is
Atoms are the smallest parts to which an elements can be divided yet still be
that element.
Describe an
element
A substance made up of only one kind of atom
Describe the
subatomic
particles that
make up atoms
Describe how
atoms are put
together
Particle
Location
Charge
Mass
Proton
nucleus
+
1 amu
Neutron
nucleus
none
1 amu
electron
Electron
cloud
-
Almost zero
Other
Number of electrons equals the
numbers of protons to cancel
out the charges
(think of 1+1=0)
Protons and neutrons packed tightly in the small dense nucleus (center).
Electrons (with nearly no mass) zip around the nucleus in a region called the
electron cloud.
The electron cloud region of the atom is mostly empty space because it
encompasses such a large area of the atom – atoms are mostly empty space