Major Concepts
- Describe a neuron and myelin sheath, explaining the formation and
transmission of an action potential and the transmission of a signal across
a synapse and the main chemicals and transmitters involved. (Textbook
Section 13.1 and 13.2)
- Label parts of Neuron
- Explain function of the parts
- Structure and purpose of myelin sheath
- Action Potential
- how it happens (ion flow)
- all or nothing
- salutatory conduction
- NT (know the main ones and how they affect the synapse)
- Identify structures of the central and peripheral nervous systems and
explain their functions in regulating the voluntary (somatic) and involuntary
(autonomic) systems. (13.1, 13.3, 13.4)
- CNS
- Structures
- Brain (Structure and Function)
-PNS
- Somatic
- Autonomic
- Sympathetic vs Parasympathetic
- Describe the organization of neurons into nerves and simple reflex arcs.
(13.1)
- Describe the structure and function of the human eye (ie: cornea, lens,
sclera, choroid, retina, rods & cones, pupil, iris, and optic nerve) (14.2)
- pathway light travels
- accommodation
- colour vision
- vision problems
- Describe the structure and function of the human ear (ie: pinna, auditory
canal, tympanum, ossicles, cochlea, organ of Corti, auditory nerve, utricle
and saccule, semicircular canals, and Eustachian tube) (14.3)
- pathway sound travels
- equilibrium
- static and dynamic
- Explain other ways that human organisms sense their environment and
spatial orientation (ie: touch, smell, taste, pressure, balance, etc.) (14.1,
14.3)
- Identify the principal endocrine glands of the human organism (15.1,
15.2, 15.3)
- The ten from quiz diagram
- Describe the function of the hormones of the principal endocrine glands
(15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 15.4)
- The chart in your notes (*text has more detail on each of those!)
- Explain the metabolic roles hormones may play in homeostasis (15.2,
15.3, 15.4, 15.5)
- Thyroxine, triiodothyronine, calcitonin, PTH, hGH (main ones)
- Explain how the endocrine system allows human organisms to sense
their internal environment and respond appropriately. (15.1, 15.2, 15.3,
15.4, 15.5)
- how hormones maintain homeostasis
- negative and positive feedback
-specific examples for hormones
- Compare the endocrine and nervous control systems and explain how
they act together (ex: stress and the adrenal gland). (15.2, 15.3, 15.5)
- Describe, using an example, the physiological consequences of hormone
imbalances (ex: diabetes, hyperthyroidism). (15.2, 15.3, 15.4)
Vocabulary
Central Nervous
System
Peripheral Nervous
System
Glial Cell
Neuron
Dendrite
Axon
Myelin Sheath
Schwann Cell
Nodes of Ranvier
Neurilemma
Sensory Neuron
Sensory Receptor
Ganglion
Interneuron
Motor Neuron
Effector
Reflex Arc
Action Potential
Resting Potential
Facilitated Diffusion
Gated Ion Channel
Sodium-Potassium
Pump
Active Transport
Polarized Membrane
Depolarization
Repolarization
Hyperpolarization
Refractory Period
Saltatory
Conduction
Threshold Level
All-or-None
Response
Synapse
Neurotransmitter
Presynaptic Neuron
Postsynaptic Neuron
Acetylcholine
Cholinesterase
Summation
Addiction
Meninges
Cerebrospinal Fluid
Cerebrum
Cerebral Cortex
Corpus Callosum
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Olfactory Bulb
Cerebellum
Pons
Medulla Oblongata
Sympathetic
Nervous System
Parasympathetic
Nervous System
Vagus Nerve
Sensory Adaptation
Sclera
Cornea
Aqueous Humour
Choroid Layer
Iris
Retina
Rods
Cones
Fovea Centralis
Rhodopsin
Accommodation
Glaucoma
Cataract
Astigmatism
Nearsightedness
(Myopia)
Farsightedness
Pinna
Auditory Canal
Tympanic
Membrane
Ossicles
Oval Window
Eustachian Tube
Vestibule
Semicircular Canals
Cochlea
Organ of Corti
Basilar Membrane
Otoliths
Homeostasis
Dynamic Equilibrium
Negative Feedback
Positive Feedback
Hormones
Endocrine
Hormones
Insulin
Human Growth
Hormone
Epinephrine
(Adrenaline)
Pituitary Gland
Releasing Hormone
Inhibiting Factor
Islets of Langerhans
Glucagon
Diabetes
Adrenal Medulla
Adrenal Cortex
Norepinephrine
(Noradrenaline)
Glucocorticoid
Mineralocorticoid
Sex Hormone
Cortisol
Adrenocorticotropic
Hormone
Tropic Hormone
Aldosterone
Thyroid Gland
Parathyroid Glands
Thyroxine
Triidothyronine
Calcitonin
Goiter
Parathyroid
Hormone
Antidiuretic
Hormone
Prostaglandins
Anabolic Steroids
Osmoreceptors