Tues 9/10
• If you were absent yesterday, you missed
an INB quiz and INB check.
• Leave your INB with me today for full
credit!
Mon 9/9/13  Pg.11 (skip 10)
• Chp.2 Title Page
– Write out title of Chp.2 from textbook
• Chp.2 – Chemistry of Life
– Draw 3 pictures that represent Chp.2
– Include 3 key words from Chp.2
– Color with at least 3 colors
Objective
DIFFERENTIATE AMONG ATOMS,
IONS, ISOTOPES, ELEMENTS,
COMPOUNDS, AND MOLECULES
(REVIEWED FROM 8TH GRADE).
IN: pg.12
Sketch a model of an atom and label
ALL of its parts.
electron
__
neutron
+
0
proton
Pg.13
Set up Cornell Notes
Title: Chp.2
Chemistry of Life
Matter
• Matter is anything that has mass and
volume.
• Matter is made of atoms.
– May be atoms all of one kind--Elements
– May be atoms of different kinds bonded
together-Compounds
Atomic Models
1. Rutherford
model
• mostly empty
space with
nucleus at the
center &
electrons orbiting
2. Bohr model
• electrons moving in set
paths that determine their
energy levels
electrons change
energy levels when they
gain or lose energy
3. Schrodinger model
• known as electron cloud
model
• electron position and
speed & direction are
described in terms of
probability
ATOMIC STRUCTURE
• Parts of an atom
– Proton
• positive charge
• located in the nucleus
• mass
– 1.67 x 10-27 kg =
1 atomic mass unit
(amu.)
– Neutron
• no charge
• located in the nucleus
• mass
– 1.67 x 10-27 kg = 1 amu
– Electron
• negative charge
• located outside the
nucleus
• mass 9.11 x 10-31 kg =
0 amu
Neutral atoms
• Atoms may be neutral
(no charge)
+protons = -electrons.
Ions
• Atoms can be ions (atoms with overall + or – charge)
– An ion has gained or lost an electron.
– Gaining an electron gives the atom an overall negative
charge.
– Losing an electron gives the atom an overall positive
charge.
Elements
• Elements are substances made up of only
one type of atom
– Examples: N, C, O,H
Element Nursery
• All materials are
made from elements.
• All known elements
are listed on the
periodic table.
April 2003 ~ The Omega Nebula is a center of star
formation. It is 5500 light years
away, and contains vast amounts of hydrogen, oxygen,
and sulfur.
Elements are formed through nuclear fusion.
http://physics.unr.edu/grad/welser/astro/gallery.html
How is the Periodic Table
Arranged?
• The periodic table is arranged based on
the atomic number of the elements.
Can you identify the atomic number?
• Atomic Number
– Equals the number of
protons in the nucleus of
an element
– Equals the number of
electrons in a neutral atom
• Atomic Mass
– Equals the number of
protons and neutrons in
the nucleus
# Neutrons = Rounded
Atomic Mass – Atomic
Number
Compounds
• Compounds contain two or
more elements bonded
together.
Chemical bonds = energy
connections that hold together
atoms.
Covalent bonds
• Molecule = 2 or
more atoms tightly
bonded together
with covalent
bonds.
• Example: Water
(H20)
Ionic Bonds
• Non-molecular
substance = 2 or
more atoms bonded
together with ionic
bonds.
Non-molecular
substance
• Example:
Salt (NaCl)
Finish Cornell Notes
• Write 3 questions in left column
• Write 3-sentence summary at bottom
3 Column Vocab.
Word
Definition
Picture
All vocab. in this
class will be in the
3 column format.
Pg.14-15
3 Column Vocab—Chp.2
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Element
Compound
Ions
Neutral atom
Proton
6. Neutron
7. Electron
8. Chemical bonds
9. Atomic number
10.Atomic mass
Homework
• Ch 2 vocab.
Out
Tent Paragraph--Use the following CORRECTLY in
a paragraph (5+ SENTENCES).
Highlight the words.
• Atom
• Proton
• Neutron
• Electron
• Ion
• Neutral atom
Wed 9/11
Objective
DIFFERENTIATE AMONG ATOMS,
IONS, ISOTOPES, ELEMENTS,
COMPOUNDS, AND MOLECULES
(REVIEWED FROM 8TH GRADE).
In: pg.16
Quick Write: 2 minutes (don’t start yet!)
The periodic table…
Thru 1: pg.17
• Watch the movie clip and create a circle
map about Dimitri Mendeleev.
Dimitri
Mendeleev
Thru 2
Pg.18 Analysis Questions
1. Pick one element from the
periodic table.
– Draw the periodic table
square for this element.
– Label the symbol, atomic #,
atomic mass and element
name.
2. What is the # of each
subatomic particle for an
atom of the element in #1?
3. What are 5 patterns you notice
in the way the periodic table
is arranged?
Pg.19 - Periodic
Table Coloring
Activity
Color the families on
the periodic table.
• Lightly shade the
boxes so you can
still see the
information.
• Create a key for the
families.
Homework
• Finish coloring your periodic table and do
the analysis questions.
Out
Pick any 3 elements from the periodic table
and describe why you think they were
given the names they were.
Element
Reason for name
Thur 9/12
• INB check on Tuesday of next week.
• Test for Chp.1&2 on Wednesday of next
week.
Objective
DIFFERENTIATE AMONG ATOMS,
IONS, ISOTOPES, ELEMENTS,
COMPOUNDS, AND MOLECULES
(REVIEWED FROM 8TH GRADE).
In: pg.20
Find cobalt on your periodic table.
1. How many protons does it have? How do
you know?
2. How many neutrons does it have? How do
you know?
3. How many electrons does it have (assume it
is a neutral atom)? How do you know?
Cobalt
– Atomic number=27
– Atomic mass=58.93320(rounds to 59)
# of protons=atomic #=27
# of neutrons=atomic mass-atomic #
59-27=32
# of electrons=# of p=27
pg.21
Tape/Glue Valence Electron Notes.
Valence Electrons
Rules for drawing Bohr models
• Protons and neutrons are located in the
nucleus.
• Electrons are in orbitals.
– Each orbital can hold only a certain # of
electrons.
• # of Protons(+) = # of Electrons(-).
• Atomic # = # of Protons
• Atomic Mass = (# of Protons) + (# Neutrons)
Nucleus
P+N=
8 electrons
atomic mass Ist orbital=
2 electrons
Valence
Electrons =
are the electrons
in the outermost
orbital of the
atom.
2nd orbital=8
electrons
3rd orbital=8
electrons
Hydrogen
1P
0N
H
Helium
2P
2N
He
Lithium
3P
4N
Li
Beryllium
4P
5N
Be
Carbon
6P
6N
C
Nitrogen
7P
7N
N
Oxygen
8P
8N
O
Flourine
9P
10 N
F
Neon
10 P
10 N
Ne
Sodium
11 P
12 N
Na
Magnesium
12 P
12 N
Mg
Aluminum
13 P
14 N
Al
Silicon
14 P
14 N
Si
Phosphorus
15 P
16 N
P
Sulphur
16 P
16 N
S
Chlorine
17 P
18 N
Cl
Argon
18 P
22 N
Ar
Potassium
19 P
20 N
K
Calcium
20 P
20 N
Ca
Atoms with a full valence shell are stable.
This means that they do not bond with other atoms.
Atoms with “empty” spots in their valence shells
will bond with other atoms to fill that valence
shell.
I’m
lonely
Cl
H
The number of empty spots it has in its
valence shell determines the amount of
bonds it will form.
17P
18 N
1P
0N
H
Cl
The elements in the periodic table are arranged in columns called groups.
The group tells you how many valence electrons an atom of an element in
that group has.
The periodic table is arranged in rows called periods. The period an
element is in determines the # of orbitals an atom of an element in that row
will have.
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2
3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
4
5
6
7
The periodic table is divided into families of elements. Members of a
family all have similar characteristics. Their reactivity( ability to bond) is
one of these characteristics. NOBLE GASES
ALKALI METALS
Have only 1 valence electron
So they are very reactive and
Form bonds easily
Have a full valence
shell so they are
stable (do not form
bonds)
Pg.21
Valence Electron Practice Sheet
• Glue in as a flip and complete
Homework
• Finish valence electron practice sheet
Out – pg.20
What is the connection between an
element’s location on the periodic table
and its number of valence electrons?
Fri. 9/13
• INB Check #2 on Tuesday of next week
• Test for Chp.1&2 on Wednesday of next
week
• ***INB Quiz #2 – get out half sheet of
paper and #1-8***
In: pg 22
How many valence electrons does each of
these atoms have?
1.Br
2.He
3.Na
4.Mg
5.B
6.Al
Thru 1: Pg.23
• Ionic/Covalent Bonds Cloze Passage
– Use the text to fill in the blanks.
Homework:
• Finish Bonding Cloze.
Out – pg.22
Analogies:
1. An ionic bond is like a ________
because they both…..
2. A covalent bond is like a______because
they both….
Mon 9/16/13
INB check #2 TOMORROW!!!
Test-chp.1&2 on Wednesday.
In: Pg.24
Look up aluminum on your periodic table.
1. Draw a neutral atom of aluminum.
•
•
•
# p=
# n=
# e=
2. Draw an ion of aluminum with a +3 charge.
•
•
•
# p=
# n=
# e=
3. What is the only difference between the neutral
atom and the aluminum ion?
Show Brain Pop Video of Bonding-
Thru 1: pg.25
Ionic vs. Covalent Bond Worksheet
After
• Work on all unfinished work in Notebook
1.
2.
3.
4.
Chp.2 Vocab, pg.14-15
Periodic Table Coloring & Questions, pg.18-19
Valence electron practice, pg.21
Bonding Cloze passage, pg.23
***Notebook check is TOMORROW***
Homework
• Complete all work in notebook, it will be
checked tomorrow!
– Don’t forget table of contents
• Start studying, Chp1&2 Test is WEDNESDAY!
Out - Create a double bubble to compare
and contrast ionic and covalent bonding
Ionic
Bond
DIFFERENCES
Covalent
Bond
SIMILARITIES
DIFFERENCES
Tues 9/17
– INB check #2 today.
– Test-Chp.1&2 tomorrow!!!
– Study guide for Chp.1&2 due tomorrow.
INB Check # 2
• Remember – those caught cheating will
lose points or receive a zero for their
notebook check
Chp.1&2 Study Guide
• Start in class, finish for homework, use it
to study for test tomorrow!!!
• Will be collected tomorrow for a separate
grade!!!