Name:__________________________________________
Date:___________
Period:_______
Muscular System Test Review
1. What are the characteristics of smooth muscle?walls of hollow organs, single fusiform uninucleate, no
striations, involuntary
2. What are the characteristics of cardiac muscle?walls of the heart, branching chains, uninucleate,
striatated, rhythmic, involuntary
3. What are the characteristics of skeletal muscle?attach to bones, single long cylindrical, multinucleate,
striated, No rhythmic motion
4. What is the definition of :
a. Endomysium:surrounds an individual cell
b. Perimysium:surrounds a fascicle
c. Epimysium:surrounds a whole muscle fiber
d. Tendon:cordlike structure that attaches muscle to bone
e. H zone:where there is no actin
f. Cross bridges:heads of the myosin
g. Synaptic cleft:space between the neuron and muscle
h. Thin filament:the part of the muscle that moves
i. ATP:energy
j. Tetanus: smooth sustained muscle
k. Insertion:the bone that the muscle moves
l. Origin:the stationary bone where muscle attaches
m. Circumduction:seen in ball and socket joints
n. Platysma:pulls the corners of the mouth down
o. Buccinators:keeps food between the teeth
p. Triceps brachii: forearm extensor
q. Internal oblique: runs deep to the external oblique
r. Rectus femoris:quadricep muscle
s. Myasthenia gravis:autoimme disorder with a shortage of acetylcholine
t. Sarcomere:area between two z-lines
u. Acetylcholine:neurotransmitter
v. Muscle fatigue:when a muscle won’t contract even when a signal is being sent
w. Muscle tone:partial sustained contraction that shows a healthy muscle
5. What are the functions of the muscular system? Generate heat, movement, maintaining posture,
stabilizing joints
6. What are the thick filaments composed of?myosin
7. List these in order of smallest to largest: fiber, myofibril fascicle, myofilament
Fasicle, fiber, myofibril, myofilament
8. What is calcium’s role in muscle contraction?
Expose myosin binding sites on the actin
9. The mechanical force of contraction is generated by what happening?
Sliding a thin filament past a thick one
10. Where are neurotransmitters stored?in the motor neuron endings
11. What does myosin cross bridges attach to what during muscle contractions?actin binding sites
12. What is the job of the sarcoplasmic reticulum?regulate intracellular calcium concentration
13. Why do we see striations on muscle?arrangement of myofilaments
14. What happens to calcium after the muscle contraction is over?reabsorbed into the sarco. reticulum
15. What is a muscle twitch?brief jerky movement
16. Creatine phosphate functions in the muscle cell by doing what?storing energy that will be transferred to
ADP to resynthesize ATP as needed
17. What is muscle fatigue?insufficient intracellular quantities of ATP due to excessive consumption
18. What is the insertion of the gluteus maximus?femur
19. To produce horizontal wrinkles in the forehead, which muscle is working?frontalis
20. Which muscle is involved in crossing one leg over the other while in a sitting position?sartorius
21. Which muscle is involved in the happening of torticollis?sternocleidomastoid
22. Which muscle inserts by the calcaneal tendon? sartorius
23. Which muscles compress the abdomen? Transverse abdominis
24. Which muscles are located on the dorsal side of the body? Traps, lats, gastroc, hamstrings, errector spinae
25. Which muscle is the sucking muscle?buccinator
26. What does the orbicularus oris do?closes, purses, protrudes lips
27. Which muscles will do abduction?deltoid
28. When you do jumping jacks, what is the movement when moving arms and legs away from the
midline?abduction
29. Which muscle does inversion of the ankle? tibialis
30. What are the criteria in naming muscles?number of origins, action of the muscle, relative size, shape
Draw a sketch of a muscle at the microscopic level. Showing thick and thin filaments, Z line, space between thin
filaments, I band, A band. Then label each part of the muscle sketch. Four questions to identify the parts.