EOC REVIEW
Unit 1: West and Gilded Age
Defining Characteristics
 Late 1800’s
 Factory system
 Population shift to cities
 Inventions/industrialism
 Immigration
 Urbanization
 Political corruption and political machines
 Entrepreneurship (growth of big business)
 Philanthropy
 Indian policies
 Labor unions
 Growth of railroad (transcontinental)
 Cattle industry boom
 Westward movement and the Homestead Act
 Laissez-faire
Key Terms
 Dawes Act
 Tammany Hall
 Boss Tweed
 Populism
 Homestead Strike
 Pullman Strike
 Haymarket Riot
 Andrew Carnegie
 John D. Rockefeller
 Labor Unions
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Chisholm Trail
“Robber Barons vs Captains of Industry”
Chinese exclusion Act
Nativism
Urbanization
Settlement Houses
Gospel of Wealth
Klondike Gold Rush
Homestead Act
Bessemer Process
You should know:
1. Indian policies during this era
2. Civil Service reforms during this era
3. Understand the growth of business and industrialization
a. Factories
b. Railroad
4. Understand the growth of labor unions
5. Cattle industry boom
6. Social issues during the time
a. Nativism
b. Growing poor
c. Social Gospel movement
7. Causes and effects of settlement in the Great Plains
8. The effects of the Transcontinental Railroad
9. Scientific discoveries of the era
a. Electricity, Telephone, Petroleum-based products, Steel production
Unit 2: Freedom Week
Defining Characteristics
 Freedom
 Liberty
Key Terms
 Declaration of Independence
 Executive Orders
 Alexis de Tocqueville
You Should Know
1. The structure of the US Government
a. Branches
b. Checks and Balances
c. Powers and responsibilities of each branch
2. Alexis de Tocqueville's five values crucial to America's success as a constitutional republic: liberty,
egalitarianism, individualism, populism, and laissez-faire.
3. The significance of E Pluribus Unum
Unit 3: Progressive Era
Defining Characteristics
Progressive Era (1890-1920)
 Opposed corruption and waste in government
 Concerned with social injustice
 Interested in government reform at all levels
 Civil Service Reform
 Anti-trust acts
 Populism
 Interested in government reform at all levels
 Muckrakers
 Reform
 16th, 17th, 18th and 19th Amendments
 Suffrage
 Prohibition
 Pure Food and Drug Act
 Federal Reserve
 Social Gospel Movement
Key Terms
 16th amendment
 17th amendment
 18th amendment
 19th amendment
 Initiative
 Referendum
 Recall
 The Jungle
 Susan B. Anthony
 Ida B. Wells
 Social Gospel Movement
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W.E.B duBois
Booker T. Washington
Muckrakers
*Populist Party/Populism
laissez-faire
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
Interstate Commerce Commission
Pure Food and Drug Act
Lobbying
You should know:
1. The impact of Progressive Era reforms (how it helped Americans participate in government more)
2. President Teddy Roosevelt’s policy on land conservation (and how he established the National Park
system)
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Technological innovations and business practices of the era (electricity light bulb, patents, etc.)
Understand how technology improves the standard of living in the United States
a. Electricity
b. Automobiles
c. Telegraph
d. Radio
Unit 4: Rise of World Power
Defining Characteristics (1890’s-1920)
 Spanish American War and Expansionism – acquisitions of land (Guam, Hawaii, Philippines, and Puerto
Rico)
 Latin America – Panama Canal
 World War I (1914-1918) – Woodrow Wilson, League of Nations, total war, technological advances,
Treaty of Versailles
Key Terms
 Spanish-American War
 Henry Cabot Lodge
 Alfred Thayer Mahan
 Rough Riders
 Sanford B. Dole
 Panama Canal
 Platt Amendment
 Open Door Policy
 Dollar Diplomacy
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Zimmerman Telegram
General John J. Pershing
Espionage Act 1917
Selective Service Act
Battle of Argonne Forest
Wilson’s “Fourteen Points”
Treaty of Versailles (after WWI, there are
many others!)
You should know:
1. What was the Spanish-American War, and how did it help transform the United States into a world power
2. Why and how the United States expanded as an imperial power
3. The causes of WWI, and for United States entry into the war
4. The US’s need/want for the Panama Canal
5. The impact of technology in warfare during WWI
a. Poison gas, trench warfare, first tanks
6. America’s policy of isolationism before WWI
7. The basic outline and intention of Wilson’s “Fourteen Points”
8. The economic effects of the Spanish-American War and WWI
9. Technological innovations and scientific discoveries as a result of the Spanish-American War and WWI
(antibiotics, vaccines, new weapons, etc.)
Unit 5: Transition to Modern America
Defining Characteristics
 Twenties 1920-1929:
 Isolationism
 Immigration
 Red Scare
 Jazz Age
 Social Darwinism
 Eugenics
 Nativism
 Changing role of women/"flappers"
 Economic boom/consumerism
 Prohibition/18th Amendment
Key Terms
 Social Darwinism
 Eugenics
 Nativism
 Red Scare
 Prohibition
 The Great Migration
 Clarence Darrow
 William Jennings Bryan
 Scopes Monkey trial
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Henry Ford
Assembly line manufacturing
Marcus Garvey
Charles Lindbergh
Teapot Dome Scandal
18th Amendment*
19th Amendment*
Harlem Renaissance
You should know:
1. That the stock market crashed in 1929
2. The causes and effects of immigration and race relations during this era
3. The changing role of women during this era
4. The causes and effects of Prohibition
5. The causes and effects of the Great Migration
6. How Americans tried to naturalize Native Americans
Unit 6: The Great Depression and the New Deal
Defining Characteristics
 Depression (1929-1941)
o Crash of stock market
o Great Depression
o Dust Bowl
 New Deal
o Expansion of the Federal government
o Relief, Reform, Recovery
Key Terms
 The New Deal
 The Dust Bowl
 Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
 Security and Exchange Commission (SEC)
 Social Security Administration (SSA)
 Agriculture Adjustment Act (AAA)
 Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
 Federal Housing Administration (FHA)
You should know:
1. Causes of the Great Depression
a. Bank failures, over-speculation/stock market crash, tariffs, policies of the “Fed”
2. Effects of the Great Depression
3. The causes and effects of the Dust Bowl
4. Arguments against the New Deal
5. Why Franklin D. Roosevelt tried to “pack” the Supreme Court, and the criticisms against him for it
Unit 7: America reacts to a World at War
Defining Characteristics
 Totalitarianism
 Alliances
 Pearl Harbor
 Internment
 Home front (volunteerism, victory gardens and war bonds)
 Mobilization
Key Terms
 Pearl Harbor
 Fascism
 Communism
 Adolf Hitler
 Joseph Stalin
 Winston Churchill
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Lend-Lease Act
Executive Order 9066
Victory Garden
War Bonds
Vernon J. Baker
You should know:
1. Reasons for US involvement in WWII
a. Rise of dictatorships (know where and how)
b. Dictatorships expanding territory (Japan, Germany, and Italy)
2. American responses to fighting WWII as a result of Patriotism
a. Victory Gardens, Women and Minority employment, war bonds, high levels of enlistment
3. The effects of WWII on the home front
a. Ending the Depression (and why), rationing, changes in manufacturing,
Unit 8: World War II
Defining Characteristics:
 Axis Powers and Allied Powers
 Multiple-front war
 Military leaders
 Significant contributions of groups
Key Terms
 Holocaust
 Higgins Boat
 M1 Garand
 Manhattan Project
 Battle of Midway
 Bataan Death March
 D-Day/Invasion of Normandy
 Omar Bradley
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Dwight D. Eisenhower
Joseph MacArthur
George Patton
Tuskegee Airmen
Double-V Campaign
Navajo Code Talkers
Flying Tigers
Potsdam Conference
You Should Know
1. President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s relationship with Churchill and Stalin, compared to President Truman’s
2. How technological innovations changed warfare
a. M1 Garand, Tanks, Higgins boat, submarines, torpedo’s etc.
b. Atomic weapons
3. The effects of fighting a war on multiple fronts
4. The effects of concentration camp liberation
Unit 9: Onset of Cold War
Defining Characteristic:
 Ideological war against Communism
 HUAC
 Truman Doctrine
 Marshall Plan
 Berlin Airlift
 NATO
 Domino Theory/containment
 Korean Conflict
 McCarthyism
 Space Race
 Cuban Missile Crisis
Key Terms:
 HUAC
 Sen. Joseph McCarthy
 McCarthyism
 Truman Doctrine
 Marshall Plan
 Sputnik
 NATO
 Containment
 Berlin Airlift
 Cuban Missile Crises
 Beat Generation
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Iron Curtain
Berlin Wall
Venona Papers
Space Race
Arms Race
Korean War
Baby Boom
GI Bill
NDEA
You should know:
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How the United States responded to Soviet Aggression after WWII
a. Truman Doctrine
b. Containment
c. Marshall Plan
d. NATO
e. Berlin Airlift
f. Cuban Missile Crises
How/why Cold War tensions were escalated
a. Arms Race
b. Space Race
c. McCarthyism
d. Venona Project
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The reasons for US involvement in the Korean War
The Outcomes of the Korean War
The effects of population growth/distribution in the United States (i.e. effects of the Baby Boom, the GI
Bill, and Suburbanization)
The positive and negative results of the Beat Generation and Rock n’ Roll (i.e. Elvis)
Unit 10: Civil Rights Movement
Defining Characteristics:
 Political organizations
 Civil Rights Acts (1957 and 1964)
 Voting Rights Act of 1965
 Various approaches to advocacy
 Significant Supreme Court cases
 Presidential actions and congressional votes
 Significant leaders
Key Terms
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Civil Rights Acts (1957 and 1964)
Voting Rights Act of 1965
13th amendment
14th amendment
*19th amendment
24th amendment
NAACP
*W.E.B. duBois
*Booker T. Washington
Rosa Parks
Martin Luther King Jr.
Malcolm X
Orval Faubus
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Thurgood Marshall
Gov. George Wallace
Caesar Chavez
Black Panther Party
LULAC
“I have a Dream” speech
“Letter from Birmingham Jail”
*Plessy v Ferguson
Brown v. Board of Education
“Great Society”
Affirmative Action
Title IX
You should know:
1. How Civil Rights developed and changed throughout American history
2. Significant leaders of the Civil Rights movement
3. The differences and similarities between non-violent and militant protest in the Civil Rights movement
4. How Americans participate in the political process
a. Lobbying
b. Non-violent protest
c. Court decisions
d. Litigation
e. Amending the Constitution
UNIT 11: New Frontiers and Familiar Enemies
Defining Characteristics
 New Frontier – John F. Kennedy
 Great Society – Lyndon B. Johnson
 Economic Changes
o Cold war fueled business
o Policy Changes
o Cold war fueled need for Math and Science fields (NDEA)
Key Terms
 Tet Offensive
 Vietnamization
 Fall of Saigon
 * ”Great Society”
 Draft
 26th Amendment
 Credibility Gap
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Silent Majority
National Defense Education Act (NDEA)
Gulf of Tonkin incident
War Powers Resolution
Tinker v Des Moines
You Should Know:
1. Reasons for US involvement in the Vietnam War
2. The outcomes of the Vietnam War
3. Major events in the Vietnam War
4. Responses to the Vietnam War by Americans
Unit 12: 1970-1990
Defining Characteristics
 Nixon’s relationship with China
 Reaganomics: supply-side economics, trickle-down economics (reduce government spending, reduce federal
income tax and capital gains tax, reduce government regulation, and tighten money supply to reduce inflation)
 “Peace through Strength”: peace comes through showing we have strength but hopefully not using it
 Involvement in the Middle East
 Conservative resurgence
Key Terms
 Reaganomics
 Camp David Accords
 Iran Hostage Crises
 The Iran-Contra Affair
 Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) founded to manage oil supply
 General Agreement of Tariff and Trade (GAAT) passed after WWII to regulate world trade to aid economic
recovery following the war
 The Heritage Foundation—American conservative think tank in leading role of conservative movement 1973
(Reagan)
 Watergate
 The Moral Majority: associated with Christian right and Republican party 1970s-1980s
 The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) protecting human health and the environment by writing and
enforcing regulations (Nixon 1970s)
You Should Know:
1. How President Nixon normalized the relationship between China and the United States
2. Domestic and International policies of President Reagan
3. US involvement in the Middle East
a. Relationship with Israel (support)
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Camp David Accords (signed by Egypt and Israel following 12 days of secret negotiations for
peace here—Jimmy Carter President)
c. Iran Hostage Crises 1979-1981 Carter president; 52 American diplomats held by Iranian students
who took over Embassy in Tehran; failed attempts to get them; released when Reagan president)
d. Marines in Beirut under Reagan 1983 299 Americans died from bombing “Islamic Jihad” claimed
responsibility
e. Iran-Contra affair 1980s secret arrangement to fund Nicaragua contra rebels from profits gained
by selling arms to Iran; Reagan president
Causes and effects of Americans moving from the Rust Belt to the Sun Belt
The effects of scientific discoveries and inventions on the United States
a. Satellite Communication
b. Computers
c. How Space exploration improves the quality of life
Unit 13: 1990-Present
Defining Characteristics
 U.S. Involvement in world affairs
 Persian Gulf War (Operation Desert Storm) 1990-1991 Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait (America has victory
over Iraq)
 Balkans Crisis (Yugoslav Wars) ethnic conflicts fought from 1991-2002 inside territory of Yugoslavia
 September 11, 2001
 Long term effects of government entitlement programs
 2008 Presidential election
Key Terms:
 5th Amendment
 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) agreement by Canada, Mexico, and US 1994 concerning
trade blocs in North America
 Patriot Act 2001 signed by GHWB allows investigators tools to intercept and monitor organized crime and
drug trafficking
You should know:
1. The United States’ involvement in world affairs
a. End of the Cold War
b. The Persian Gulf War
c. The Balkans Crises
d. 9/11 attacks
e. Global War on Terror
2. The impact of third parties on Presidential elections (Ralph Nadar)
3. The causes and effects of Hurricane Katrina
4. Causes and effects of immigration to the United States
5. Why/how President Clinton was impeached
6. The impact of the relationship between the branches of government in the 2000 Presidential elections