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All living things are MADE up of cells!

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Cells are the basic units of structure and function of all living things!

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Cells come from pre-existing cells!
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Remember Redi?
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Maggots Munching Meat

PROKARYOTIC
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No Organelles
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No Nucleus
EUKARYOTIC
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Have Organelles
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Have a Nucleus
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Bacteria…
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Plants, Animals,
Fungi & Protists

“Square”
“Rectangular”
“Circular”
“Odd…”

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Smallest is bacteria
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Largest is nerve cell in giraffe’s neck

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Cell Wall
Cell Membrane (aka Plasma Membrane)
Chloroplasts
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Vacuoles

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Cell Membrane (Plasma Membrane)
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Ribosome
Mitochondria
Lysosome
Vacuoles
Centrioles

Plant Cell

Animal Cell

Nucleus
• Control Center of Cell
• The “Brain” of the cell
• Houses Chromosomes (genetic code) which instruct all cell activities
• Instructions for STRANGER-C
• Surrounded by Nuclear Membrane
• Contains Nucleolus
• Which produces rRNA / Ribosomes

Cell Membrane
(aka Plasma Membrane)
• Surrounds Cytoplasm
• Found in EVERY cell!
• Controls what enters and leaves cell
• Has NO control over water, gases, glucose
• Made of a lipid bi-layer with proteins floating in it and carbohydrate chains stuck on the outside of it

Cytoplasm
• Jelly-like “goo” inside the cell membrane
• Found in EVERY cell!
• Cushions and protects other organelles
• Always moving (streaming) in order to move materials around the cell

Ribosome
• Organelle responsible for protein synthesis
• Reads genetic code (RNA) to produce the type of protein needed at that moment

Mitochondria
• “Powerhouse” of the cell
• Organelle responsible for cell respiration
(energy production)
• Changes glucose into ATP
• Mighty Mitochondria makes energy, Mighty Mitochondria makes ATP

Vacuole
• Storage area
• Plant cells have one or two large vacuoles to store water
• Animal cells have many small vacuoles to store food, waste, water…

Chloroplast
• Organelle responsible for photosynthesis
• Found in plants in green algae
• Contain the pigment Chlorophyll
• Capture sunlight (solar energy) and store it in the bonds of glucose

Cell Wall
• Non-living, protective barrier surrounding plant cells
• Made of Cellulose (a sugar)
• Gives support and structure to plants

Lysosome
• Organelle filled with digestive chemicals
(enzymes)
• Destroys unwanted material
• “Lys” = “Destroy”
• Found only in Animal cells

Centriole
• Organelle which helps with cell division (cell reproduction)
• The “Spider-man” of the cell
• Found only in Animal cells

As for the others…
• Ribosomes make ‘em
• ER takes ‘em
• ER=Endoplasmic Reticulum
• Golgi packs and stacks
• What is this referring to?????

A video to help you remember…
Cell Structure Video