US History
Immigration & Urbanization 1877 – 1914
Millions of Immigrants
In the late _____________________, millions of ___________________entered the United
States in search of a ____________ life. Some of these immigrants sought to escape difficult
conditions? Some of these immigrants were only in the United States temporarily. Why?
Europeans
From 1870 to 1920 ____________________ immigrants came to America. From where?
Many of these Europeans left their homeland to escape _____________ persecution. Example?
Population in Europe between 1800 and 1900 doubled leading to scarcity of _____________ for
farming. Farmers were forced to compete with ____________ for the few _______________
jobs. This led Europeans to look for jobs, freedom and independent lives in the U.S. Why?
Chinese and Japanese?
Between 1851 and 1883, about 300,000 _________________ arrived on the West Coast. Why?
Chinese helped build the nation’s _________________, including the first transcontinental line.
When the railroads were completed they turned to farming, mining, and ____________ services.
In 1884, the Japanese government allowed ____________________ planters to recruit Japanese
workers, starting a Japanese emigration boom. They then head to _____________ Coast and by
1920, more than 200,000 are living there. Why West Coast?
The West Indies and Mexico
Between 1880 and 1920, about 260,000 immigrants arrived in the eastern and southeastern
United States from the _________________. Why? ________________, too, immigrated to the
United States to find work, as well as to flee political ______________. After 1910, 700,000 had
arrived (7% of the population of Mexico at the time). The National Reclamation Act? created
farmland and drew Mexican farmers.
A Difficult Journey
No matter what parts of the globe immigrants came from, they faced many ________________
to an alien and often _______________ culture. Almost all immigrants traveled by steamship.
The trip across the Atlantic Ocean from Europe took approximately __________ (7 to 10 days),
while the Pacific crossing from Asia took nearly __________weeks. Many immigrants traveled
in __________________, the cheapest accommodations in a ship’s cargo holds. Conditions?
Ellis Island
From 1892 to 1924, ________________ was the Chief immigration processing station in New
York Harbor. Approximately _______ million immigrants passed through this station? The
processing of immigrants on Ellis Island was an ordeal that might take __________ hours or
more. It consisted of? ______________ percent of immigrants were detained for a day or more
before being inspected. However, only about ____ percent of those where denied.
US History
Immigration & Urbanization 1877 – 1914
Angel Island
Asians-primarily Chinese- arriving on the West Coast gained admission at ________________
immigration processing station in San Francisco Bay. Between 1910 and 1940, about 50,000
________________ immigrants entered the United States through Angel Island. Processing at
Angel Island was quite different than the procedure at Ellis Island. How?
Cooperation for Survival
Once admitted to the country, immigrants faced the challenges of finding a place to __________,
getting a _________, and getting along in daily life while trying to understand an unfamiliar
_____________ and ______________. To better adjust to their new surroundings, many
immigrants sought out people who shared cultural values, religion, and language. Ethnic
communities form? Friction began to develop between _____________ Americans? and the
native born. Why?
The Rise of Nativism
Many native-born Americans thought of their country as a ____________? Many new
immigrants, however, did not wish to give up their ____________ identity. Favoritism toward
Native-born Americans was referred to as ______________. Nativists believed that
__________________? were superior and did not object to immigrants from ___________,
Germany, German countries and Scandinavian countries. Why? Many Protestant Americans
object to immigrants’ religion because many were _____________________. Why? In 1897,
Congress passes _____________ Bill? for immigrants, but Cleveland Vetoes it. However, in
1917, a similar bill passed over Wilson’s veto.
Anti-Asian Sentiment
Nativism also played a part in the labor movement, particularly in the west. How? ___________
groups exert political pressure to restrict _______________ immigration. In 1882,
_______________________________was passed. It banned entry to all Chinese except
students, teachers, merchants, tourists and government officials. This Act lasted until it was
repealed _____________.
The Gentlemen’s Agreement
Nativist fears began to extend to _______________, and most Asians in the early 1900s. San
Francisco segregates __________________ schoolchildren. When Japan raised an angry protest
at this treatment of its emigrants, President Theodore Roosevelt worked out a deal. The
Gentlemen’s Agreement of 1907-1908 limited immigration of _________________ workers to
U.S. in exchange for repeal of San Francisco ___________________ order. Result?