1)_ B _ metals a. the number of protons in the nucleus
2)_ D _metalloids b. ductile; shiny; good conductors; malleable
3 E non-metals c. group /families- determine valence electrons
4)_ F _horizontal rows d. semi-conductors-have properties of both
5)_ C _vertical columns e. not ductile; not malleable-poor conductors
6) A Atomic number f. determine the number of shells (periods)
Protons: charge:__ + __; found in : NUCLEUS mass: _ 1 __ amu
Electrons:charge: found : OUTSIDE NUCLEUS ON SHELLS mass : 1/1836 amu
Neutrons: charge: N/C found in : ___ NUCLEUS mass: 1 amu
Metals are found to the LEFT of the STAIRCASE on the Periodic Table.
Non-Metals are found to the RIGHT OF THE STAIRCASE
Metalloids (semi conductors) are found on the STAIRCASE
Groups or families are the VERTICAL columns. There are 18 groups or families .
Periods are found in HORIZONTAL rows. There are 7 periods.
Compounds: 2 or more elements ( different atoms ) chemically combined.
Subscript: # of ATOMS of an element in a compound or molecule.
Coefficient: # of MOLECULES of a compound.
Chemical equation: a combination of elements and compounds that react chemically to produce new substances. 2 PARTS: REACTANTS AND
PRODUCTS

Reactants: the parts of the chem. equation that react together to create new substances. The beginning of the equation.
Products: the new substances created from the chemical reaction . The end of the equation.
Ex: Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl
2
+ H
2
REACTANTS ---> PRODUCTS
Zn = 1; H = 2 Cl = 2
COUNT THE ATOMS ON THE LEFT, AND THE ATOMS ON THE RIGHT-
THIS IS A BALANCED EQUATION. REMEMBER, TO BALANCE, YOU ADD
COEFFICIENTS ONLY !
BALANCE THESE 2:
A) Zn + 2 HCl ---> ZnCl
2
+ H
2
B) C
5
H
12
+ 8 O
2
---> 5 CO
2
+ 6 H
2
O
What are signs of a chemical change: 5 things
1.
odor
2.
change in color ( usually )
3.
production of a gas—bubbling, fizzing
4.
change in Temperature--- heat being released, or heat being absorbed ( it gets colder )
5.
burning; flammability
Fill in the Blanks
Atomic Number ions neutron
Coefficient Subscript Metals
Electron Nucleus Proton
1)
tells us the number of protons
2) NEUTRONS : have a neutral charge
3) METALS : the majority of the elements on the Periodic table are these.
4) ELECTRONS: negatively charges particles
5) NUCLEUS : the center of the atom
6) PROTONS: have a positive charge

7) COEFFICIENT : tells the number of molecules
8) ION : an atom with a different # of protons and electrons. This atom has a charge.
9) SUBSCRIPT : # of atoms of the elements in a compound
HOW DO I FIGURE OUT PROBLEMS????
TO FIND THE:
Atomic Number : it is the number OF PROTONS in the nucleus.
Mass Number : it is the number of PROTONS AND NEUTRONS in the nucleus ! ( it is also the atomic mass rounded ! )
Number of neutrons: ROUND the ATOMIC MASS to the nearest whole number and then SUBTRACT the atomic number !
Mendeleev arranged the PT in order of increasing: increasing atomic mass
Moseley arranged the PT in order of increasing: increasing atomic number
GROUP 1ALKALI metals ---1 valence electron-most reactive
Group 2ALKALI Earth Metals --2 valence electrons-- very reactive
Group 3-12 TRANSITION METALS --have 1 or 2 valence electrons
Group 18 NOBLE Gases - outer shell is filled and they do not bond with anyone.
B/C they are  ; have 8 valence electrons and happy.
Isotopes: atoms of same element with a different # of NEUTRONS
Ex: C- 12 6 p and 6 n
C-14: 6 p and 8 n
H-2: 1 p and 1 n
H-3: 1 p and 2 n
The # in the isotope is the MASS # , which is the # of PROTONS AND
NEUTRONS
The only thing changing, is the # of NEUTRONS !

Conservation of Mass: the atoms of an object cannot be created or destroyed, but can be moved around( rearranged ) and be changed into different substances.
Select the correct formula for this model: a)CH
3
OH b) 4HOC c) 3HCOH
Acids and Bases:
pH Scale: ranges from 0-14 . Measures how acidic or basic a solution is .
Neutral = 7 ; Acidic ranges from 0-6.9 ; Basic ranges from 8 to 14
Acids: taste : sour ; react with: metals ; turns litmus paper red
Bases: taste: bitter ; do NOT react with metals ; turns litmus paper blue ;
Feel: slippery
H
3
O+ or H+ = an Hydronium ion, which is given off ( released) when an acid combines with water.
OH- = an Hydroxide ion, which is released when a base reacts with water..
When acids and bases react together,: a salt is created.
Acids + bases yield: salt and water
Acids usually have H in front of the compound.
Bases often have OH in the compound. However, Ammonia IS A BASE, AND HAS
NO “OH” IN FORMULA: NH
3
NH4OH Acid or Base ? ___________
H
3
PO
3
Acid or Base?
_______________
HNO3 Acid or Base? ___________
LiOH Acid or Base ? ___________