Write
Unit 06
The Integumentary System
Listen
Pre-requisite knowledge
• Organ:
• One or more tissues working together to complete one
or more specific functions
• Organ System
• A group of organs working together to complete one or
more specific functions
Unit 06 Latin Root Words
Prefix- Root or -Suffix
Definition
Cutaneous
Root
Skin
Dermis
Root
Skin
Papillary
Root
Nipple or swelling
Follicle
Root
Little bag
Kerat-
Prefix
Horn
Melan-
Prefix
Black
Seb-
Prefix
oil or grease
Sub-
Prefix
Below
Integument
Root
Covering
Stratum
Root
Layer
A day: Quiz on Friday 11/20/2015
B day: Quiz on Monday 11/23/2015
Write
Write
6.1 Introduction
Write
6.1.1
I know the organs that constitute the integumentary system
Listen
Write
Organs of the Integumentary
System
• Skin
• Hair
• Nails
• Accessory Organs
• example: Sweat Glands
Write
6.1.1
I know the major functions of the integumentary system
Listen
Write
Integumentary System Functions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Protective Covering
Water Regulation
Heat Regulation
Sensory Reception
Waste Excretion
Creates Vitamin D
Write
6.2.1 Types of
Membranes
Describe the four types of membranes
Listen
Serous Membranes
Listen
Serous Membranes
Listen
Serous Membranes
Listen
Serous Membranes
Listen
Mucous Membranes
Listen
Mucous Membranes
Listen
Synovial Membranes
Listen
Synovial Membranes
Listen
Cutaneous Membrane
Write
Mucous Membranes
Serous Membranes
Function:
Function:
Reduce friction between organs
Where:
Around Organs
Tissue Composition
Keeps tissues soft, traps bacteria dust and pollen
Where:
Pericardial = Heart
Pleural = Thoracic (lungs)
Peritoneal = Abdominal)
Simple Squamous Epithelium and Loose
Connective Tissue
Fluid:
Lines cavities and tubes that open to the outside of the body.
Ex: oral and nasal cavities
Tissue Composition
Epithelium (usually simple columnar or psuedostratified) over a
loose connective tissue
Fluid:
Mucous
Serous Fluid
Types of Membranes
Function:
Lubricates Joints
Where:
Joints
Tissue Composition
Dense connective tissue overlaying loose connective and
adipose tissue
Fluid:
Synovial Fluid
Synovial Membranes
Function:
Protective Covering + water and heat regulation
Where:
Entire Body
Tissue Composition
Multiple
Fluid:
Sweat and Sebum
Cutaneous Membrane (Skin)
Content Check
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
B
D
A
B
B
____Found in the respiratory and digestive tract
____ Covers the entire body
____ Found around organs and body cavities
____ Keeps tissues soft and traps bacteria
____ Usually composed of simple columnar or
pseudostratified epithelial tissue with
goblet cells
____ Reduces friction between organs
____ Found around your joints
A
C
A Composed of simple squamous epithelium
____
and loose connective tissue
D
____ Acts as a protective covering against external
elements such as heat and dehydration
D
10. ____ Composed of multiple tissue types
Answer
a. Serous Membrane
b. Mucous Membrane
c. Synovial Membrane
d. Cutaneous Membrane
Write
6.3 Skin and Its Tissues
Write
6.3.1 Objective
I know the three layers of the skin
Analyze
Draw and Write
Epidermis
Sebaceous
Gland
Dermis
Erector Pilli
Muscle
(goosebumps)
Venous
Capillary
Sweat Gland
Hair Follicle
Nerve
Subcutaneous Layer
Or Hypodermis
Arterial
Capillary
Adipose
Tissue (Fat)
Write
The Three Layers of Skin
• Epidermis (above dermis)
• Dermis (middle Layer)
• Hypodermis or Subcutaneous Layer (below Dermis)
Answer
Content Check
1. What are the three layers of the skin?
2. Which layer is closer to the outside of the body?
3. Which layer is in the middle?
4. Which layer is below the dermis?
5. What are some structures you would find in the
dermis layer of the skin?
6. Why would the body store fat in the skin?
Interesting Fact:
If the skin of a 150-pound
person were spread out flat, it
would cover approximately 20
square feet.
Directions
• Label and Color your Skin Study Guide
6.3.2 Objective
I know the type of tissue that makes up the epidermis and can
identify its five layers.
Stratified Squamous Epithelium
Free Surface
Stratum Coreum (Dead layers of keratin filled skin cells)
Stratum Lucidum (Clear Layer found only in thick skin i.e. palms of hands
Stratum Granulosum (Begin to see Keratin Granules)
Stratum Spinosum (Cells become spiny)
Stratum Basale (base layer)
Dermis
Basement Membrane
Write
Layers of the
Epidermis
Tissue: Stratified Squamous Epithelium
Stratum Basale
Bottom Layer
Living Cells
Supplied with blood
reproduce
Stratum Corneum
Stratum Lucidum
Stratum
Granulosum
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Basale
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Lucidum
Stratum Corneum
Cells become spinous
Keratin Build up
Living Cells
Can begin to see the
keratin granules
Dying Cells
Only found in palms and
soles
Creates Thick Skin
Dead Cells
Many layers of dead cells
Answer
Content Check
1. What kind of tissue is the epidermis composed
of?
2. From bottom to top, what are the five layers of
the epidermis?
3. Which layer of the epidermis undergoes cellular
division?
6.3.3 Objective
I can describe the function of the epidermis
Write
Epidermis Function
• Protection from external environment
• Prevent Water Loss
• Regulate Body Temperature
• Skin Color
Write
6.3.4 Objective
I understand the process of Keratinization
Write
Keratinization
• Keratin
• A tough, fibrous, and water-proof protein found in the
cells of the epidermis, hair and nails
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OKosGSm7Ps4
Keratinzation
• Keratinization
• The process of filling the uppermost layers of the
epidermis with Keratin
• Keratinocyte (Keratin producing Cell)
Homework Collection
• Your Protein Synthesis paragraph is due to today.
• Please turn it into the basket.
• If you have not finished it, you may still turn it in at
a later date, however, a zero will be placed in the
grade book until it is turned in.
• It will also be marked as late. There is no penalty, it
is for information only.
Epidermis Content Check
• Get out a piece of paper and put away your notes.
• Write a paragraph describing the structure and
function of the epidermis. Make sure to include the
tissue type, the layers and what they do as well as
the process of keratinization.
• Feel free to add labeled pictures or diagrams.
Epidermis Content Check
• Tissue: Stratified Squamous Epithelium
• 5 Layers
•
•
•
•
Stratum Basale: Living/reproduces
Stratum Spinosum: Living/ Spiny shaped/ making keratin
Stratum Granulosum: Dying/ Full of Keratin Granules
Stratum Lucidum: Dead/clear layer/only found in thick
skin
• Stratum Corneum: Dead/Full of keratin
• Keratinzation: process of filling cells of the
epidermis with keratin
• Function: water/temp regulation and protection
6.3.5 Objective
I can explain how skin gets its color as well as factors that can
change its color.
Listen
Listen
Skin Color
Write
• Melanocyte
•
•
•
•
•
Cell that creates melanin
Located towards the stratum basale
Stimulated by the sun (tan)
Cytoplasmic extensions to other layers of the skin
Melanocyte and melanin production controlled by your
genes
• Melanin
• A pigment that deflects UV rays
• Used to protect other cells
What are freckles?
http://genetics.thetech.org/ask/ask195
Listen
Listen
Listen
Listen
Listen
Listen
Factors that can influence Skin
Color
Write
• Sunlight, UV and X-rays
• Tanning
• Blood Supply
• Blushing, inflammation
• Lack of Oxygen in blood
• Cyanosis (turning blue)
• Diet
• Carotene yellow in vegetables
• Silver = blue skin
• Liver Disease
• Jaundice (build up of bilirubin turns skin yellow)
6.3.6 Objective
I can describe the structure and function of the dermis
Listen
Papillary Layer
Sebaceous
Gland
Dermis
Dense Connective Tissue
Erector Pilli
Muscle
(goosebumps)
Venous
Capillary
Sweat Gland
Hair Follicle
Nerve
Arterial
Capillary
Dermis Structures and Functions
• Tissue composition
• Dense connective tissue
• Structures
• Dermal Papillae
• Creates fingerprints
• Blood vessels
• Supply nutrients
• Regulate body temperature
• Nerve Cells
• Sensory reception
• Control of glands and erector pili muscle
• Hair follicles
• Hair Growth
• Sebaceous glands
• Secrete oils (sebum)
• Sweat Glands
• Secrete sweat
Write
Listen
Listen
Loop
Radial Loop – loop points
to radius (thumb)
Ulnar Loop – Loop Points
to Ulnar (Pinky)
Arch
Whorl
Fingerprint Activity Directions
• Get out a scratch piece of paper.
• Roll your fingerprints and see what type of
fingerprint your papillary layer has created.
6.3.7 Objective
I can describe the structure and function of the subcutaneous
layer
Listen
Dermis Structures and Functions
• Tissue composition
• Loose connective tissue
• Adipose tissue
• Structures
• Blood vessels
• Nutrient supply
• Nerves
• Sensory
Write
6.4 Accessory Organs
6.4 Accessory Organs
6.4.1
I can describe the structure and function of hair
Hair Follicles
Function
Protection
Sensory reception
Parts
Hair Follicle: tube-like depression
Hair Papilla: Contains the cells that
create hair
Arrector Pili Muscle: lifts hairs
(goosebumps)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QqH9SH7cR7E
6.4.3
I can describe the structure and function nails
Hair Follicles
Function
Protective Coverings
Parts
Lunula: active growing region of the
nail
Eponychium (cuticle): thickened skin
that protects the nail from infection
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aTSVHwzkYI4
6.4.2
I can describe the structure and function sebaceous glands
Sebaceous Glands
Function Secrete sebum (or oil)
Parts
Just the gland
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OpEuePQ1jrk
6.4.4
I can describe the structure and function sweat glands
Sweat Glands
Function Secrete Sweat)
Parts
Eccrine glands: respond
to temperature
Apocrine glands:
respond to emotional
distress
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OpEuePQ1jrk
6.5 Regulation of Body
Temperature
Reading Assignment
• Read 6.5 Regulation of Body Temperature
• Take notes
• Write and answer the check your recall questions in your
notes.
• Read 6.6 Healing of Wounds
• Take notes
• Write and answer the check your recall questions in your
notes
• When you are done, pick up a Unit 06 Review and work
on that for the rest of the period.
6.6 Healing of Wounds
Common Skin Disorders