Political
Assassination
Lincoln
Kennedy
Elected in 1860
Elected in 1960
Concerned with civil
rights
Lost a son while
president
Concerned with civil
rights
Lost a son while
President
Lincoln
Kennedy
His successor was a
Democratic senator from
the south named Andrew
Johnson, born in 1808.
Lincoln’s Secretary,
whose name was
Kennedy, advised him
not to go to the theatre.
He was shot in the back
of the head in the
presence of his wife.
His successor was a
Democratic senator from
the South named Lyndon
Johnson, born in 1908.
Kennedy’s secretary,
whose name was Lincoln,
advised him not to go to
Dallas.
He was shot in the back
of the head in the
presence of his wife.
Lincoln
Kennedy
Assassin John Wilkes
Booth was born in the
South in 1839.
Booth shot Lincoln in a
theatre and ran to a
warehouse.
Assassin Lee Harvey
Oswald was born in the
south in 1939.
Oswald shot Kennedy
from a warehouse and ran
to a theatre.
His assassin was shot
before going to trial.
His assassin was shot
before going to trial.
“Let me have men about me that are fat,
Sleek headed men, and such as sleep 0’nites;
Yond Cassius has a lean and hungry look;
He thinks too much; such men are dangerous”
-Julius Caesar
Shakespeare and The Tragedy
of Julius Caesar
Quickwrite
You have 2 minutes to write 5+ sentences
in which you respond to the following.
A good friend of yours has been elected
president of the student council. Soon, you
notice that he or she is abusing the position
by claiming privileges and using it to
further his or her social life. How would
you deal with this situation?
Objectives
Identify significant themes in The Tragedy of Julius
Caesar
Identify and understand literary concepts, including
persuasion, tragedy, tragic hero, and foreshadowing.
Learn about the life and writings of William Shakespeare
and the Elizabethan Era
Identify examples of foreshadowing, figurative language,
poetry, characterization and irony
Learn background information on Julius Caesar
Create and recite a persuasive speech
State Content Standards
3.0 Literary Response and Analysis
3.1 Articulate the characteristics of different forms of
dramatic literature (e.g., comedy, tragedy, drama, dramatic
monologue).
3.3 Analyze interactions between main and subordinate
characters in a literary text
3.4 Determine characters' traits by what the characters say
about themselves in narration, dialogue, dramatic monologue,
and soliloquy.
3.6 Analyze and trace an author's development of time and
sequence, including the use literary devices (e.g.,
foreshadowing.)
3.7 Recognize and understand the
significance of various literary devices,
including figurative language, imagery, and
explain their appeal.
3.10 Identify and describe the function of
dialogue, scene designs, soliloquies, asides,
and character foils in dramatic literature.
2.4 Write persuasive compositions:
b. appeal to logic through reasoning; appeal
to emotion or ethical belief; relate a
personal anecdote, case study, or analogy).
c. Clarify and defend positions with precise
and relevant evidence, including facts,
expert opinions, quotations, and expressions
of commonly accepted beliefs and logical
reasoning.
d. Address readers' concerns, counterclaims,
biases, and expectations.
ACTIVITY # 1: Before Caesar/ After Caesar
In the before column, List every thing you know about
Shakespeare and the play, The Tragedy of Julius Caesar
Before
After
The Tragedy of Julius Caesar
play, in five acts, about several
men trying to save the Roman
Republic from Caesar’s ambition
of having complete control.
Before Caesar, Rome was a
Republic
= equal citizenship and people could
elect tribunes to represent them in
tribunals = like congress and the
senate!
Julius Caesar in Context
Debuted at Globe
Theatre in 1599
Another noteworthy production:
Orson Welles, creator
of the famous “War of
the Worlds” radio
broadcast also directed
and starred in his 1937
production of Caesar
set in Nazi era
Germany.
Wow! 1485-1625=Exciting
Times!!!
Shakespeare lived and
wrote in =Elizabethan
Era
Elizabethan Era:
The height of the
Renaissance under
Queen Elizabeth
HOT ISSUE!!!
One of the hottest
political issues in
Elizabethan England
was the role of the
monarch and what
loyalty should be
owed him or her.
Hmmm? Sound
familiar?
During this time…
Renaissance=rebirth=15th &16th century Europe
Art, scholarship, and literature flourished
Reformation-King Henry VIII (Elizabeth’s dad)
split from Pope and Catholic Church and founded
Protestant Church of England
Age of Exploration-The Americas and more
Age of Discovery-many scientific discoveries
including telescope and planetary motion
Heard of these guys?
Other figures from the Renaissance
Copernicus
Galileo Galilei
Leonardo Da Vinci
Christopher Columbus
Hernán Cortés
Vasco da Gama
Ferdinand Magellan
Francisco Pizarro
Donatello
Michelangelo
TAKE NOTES HERE:
What to look for:
Persuasion:
Technique used by
speakers and writers to
convince an audience
to adopt a particular
viewpoint.
TRAGEDY
tragedy: a play in
which events turn out
disastrously for the
main character or
characters
Tragic Hero
a character whose basic
goodness and superiority are
marred by a tragic flaw
a fatal error in judgment that
leads to the hero’s downfall.
Brutus-is noble, but is a poor
judge of character-too rigid in
his ethical and political
principles
Caesar-brings great things to
Rome, but proud, arrogant,
and ambitious
Dialogue
a conversation between
characters.
Monologue
a speech by one character in
a play, story or poem.
Given to another character.
Soliloquy
a speech given by a
character alone.
Aside
short speech delivered by an
actor in a play, which
expresses the character’s
thoughts. Traditionally, the
aside is directed to the
audience and is presumed to
be inaudible to the other
actors.
Irony
Dramatic
Verbal
Irony of Situation
Verbal Irony
Author says one thing and means something
else.
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English
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Irony of Situation
When what is expected does not
occur.
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English
26
Dramatic Irony
Audience knows something that a character
in the literature does not know.
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English
27
What type of Irony is it?
Antony says Brutus is
“an honorable man”
What type of Irony is it?
The audience knows
about the plot to
assassinate Caesar, but
Caesar does not.
We watch Caesar go out
on the Ides of March
with suspense.
(No notes here)
I DON’T UNDERSTAND
SHAKESPEARE
In English Language, the order of words is important:
“The dog bit the boy. vs. “The boy bit the dog.”
Shakespeare rearranges words to create rhythm-it’s
poetry!
Characters will have their own speech patterns- Romeo
often speaks in couplets.
He often places verb before subject
Instead of “He Goes”=Goes He.
Instead of Does he go?=Go does he?
Subject Verb Agreement-Grammar
seems incorrect
She is vs They are
ACTIVITY # 2 FIX IT
1. “Is there not wars?”
-Henry IV, Part II
2. “A horse whereon the governor
doth ride”
-Measure for Measure
A POET AND A COMEDIAN
Wrote plays in blank verse=
unrhymed iambic pentameter10 syllables-5 stressed beats
Shakespeare wordplay!
Pun-play on words that sound
the same but have different
meanings:
Ex. Kick your butt
Shakespeare’s Theatre
emphasis on language and the human
voice
Shakespeare had to create atmosphere
and setting through language.
IMAGERY.
Shakespeare’s audience accepted the
stage convention of heightened
language, often in verse.
no-one spoke in verse outside the
theatre.
Activity # 3: Imagery: Choose a
line and sketch an image that
these words conjure
‘Tis now the very witching time of night When
chruchyards yawn, and hell itself breathes out
Contagion to this world
Blow, winds, and crack your cheeks! Rage,
blow, You cataracts and hurricanes spout…
Double, double toil and trouble; Fire burn, and
cauldron bubble
Look for this :
Assonance
Repetition of vowel sounds in
words.
“Now this looks like a job
for me
So everybody just follow me
Because we need a little
controversy
Because it feels so empty
without me.”
Look for this : Alliteration
Repetition of
the same
consonant
sounds at the
beginning of
words.
“ She sells sea
shells by the
sea shore.”
Look and listen for the poetic
devices…
Alliteration-repetition of consonants, usually
at the beginning of words.
Whereat with blade, with bloody, bladeful blade,
He bravely broached his bloody boiling
breast.” Quince-Midsummer
Assonance-repetition of vowel sounds
“What lusty trumpet thus doth summon us?”King John
Consonance-repetition of consonant sounds
Activity # 4: Write a short 4-8-lined
poem about school, sports, or
hobbies…
You must use Imagery, rhyme, alliteration,
assonance, or consonance
Overall, don’t
sweat the small
stuff. Enjoy
the overall
effect!
Flavius and Marullus
=Tribunes/government
workers.
Julius Caesar=Conquering
Roman general, a mighty
soldier swayed by
superstition.
CHARACTERS ACT I
Casca:
Conspirator\hates the
ordinary citizenry yet
is jealous when the
people honor Caesar.
Calpurnia=Wife of
Caesar
Marcus
Antonius/Mark
Antony =Vows to
avenge Caesar’s
death.
Soothsayer=Fortune Teller
Cassius=Displays greed and envy
and motivates most of the
conspirators.
Marcus
Brutus=Only
conspirator whose
motives to
assassinate Caesar
are pure.
Cicero=A senator
Cinna=A poet
Famous Quotes
Et tu, Brute?-Then Fall, Caesar.
Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me
your ears:
Yet Brutus says, he was ambitious, And
Brutus is an honorable man.
Beware the Ides of March
Speech # 1 (minimum 300 words)
Although you are not a fan of Julius Caesar, you,
(insert your name/profession here), are on your
way to see the celebration of Caesar’s return.
You come upon the others celebrating. Prepare a
persuasive monologue addressed to the crowd to
convince them why they should not be celebrating
Julius Caesar.
Be sure to use appeals to ethos, pathos, and logos.
Highlight the appeals in 3 different colors.
How you will be assessed
Gesturing and movement-1pt
Intonation (speech inflection)-1pt
Staying in Character and with platform 1pt
Content addresses topic-2 pt
Content reflects understanding of events in
the play so far.-2pt
Total of 7 points per speech
Elect
1 speaker
1 senator
Presentation
Everyone in group creates a character and
writes a speech (minimum 30 words)
Elect 1 person only to give speech every
week.
The whole group is responsible for the
speech. (Everyone is responsible for giving
the best speech)
The best speech each week earns 2 extra
points.
Advice
Skim through the beginning of the play
Review your FYI notes.
Be creative.
Be persuasive.
Speech # 2Due: Today/ Speech Given Thursday
Due to your increased popularity after having
spoken at the “Hail Caesar” Rally, you have been
asked to appear before the Senate on the Ides of
March to present a bill of your creation suggesting
what is the most important problem in Rome the
Senate needs to address. You may or may not
want to focus this bill on an area that you are
directly affiliated with. You may supplement your
speech with visuals.
Use 3 rhetorical strategies
Speech # 3
CAESAR IS DEAD! And you are popular.
Whether you intended to or not the
opportunity to seize power in Rome is upon
you. A few well placed speeches coupled
with a blistering ad campaign and you could
be called Caesar in the near future. (cont on
next page
Your first opportunity is to speak at the
funeral of Caesar before Brutus or Marc
Antony. Commiserate and sympathize with
them. Tell the people of what you think
about what has happened. Tell them what
needs to happen now. Tell them who to
watch out for. Tell them how you can
provide them what they need. Tell them
what you need to get their support.
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Caesar Persuasive Essay
Due TBD
See literature book pg 915 for all the details.
Assessed using the CAHSEE rubric for Persuasive
Essays.
Choose a number (no name on essay)
MLA format
Standard WA 2.4
200 points
4=200 4-=195 3+=190 3=180 3-=170
Throughout the play, Brutus defends his
reasons for killing Caesar. Antony just as
eloquently states why Caesar should not
have been killed. Write a position paper
taking either Brutus’ or Antony’s part.
A score of 4
4-states and maintains a position,
authoritatively defends the position with
precise and relevant evidence, and
convincingly addresses the reader’s
concerns, biases, and expectations.
Score of 3
States and maintains a position, generally
defends that position with precise and
relevant evidence, and addresses the
reader’s concerns, biases, and expectations.
Score of 2
Defends a position with little evidence and
may address the reader’s concerns, biases,
and expectations.
Score of 1
Fails to defend a position with any evidence
and fails to address the reader’s concerns,
biases, and expetations
Dramatic Terms
Soliloquy-a long speech
expressing the thoughts of a
character alone on stage.
Monologue-a speech by one
character in a play, story, or
poem. Addressed to another
character.
Aside-short speech delivered by
an actor in a play, which
expresses the characters thoughts.
Directed to the audience. Other
characters cannot hear.
Three Ways to Persuade
-According to our good friend, Aristotle.
Ethos
(credibility)
Pathos (emotion)
Logos (Logic)
ETHOS
Appeal based on the character of the
speaker. An ethos-driven document relies
on the reputation of the author.
Why should I trust you as a
speaker? What makes you such
an expert?
PATHOS
Appeal based on emotion.
Advertisements tend to be pathosdriven.
How are you going to make me
emotionally involved? Humor?
Sadness? Fear?
LOGOS
Appeal based on logic or
reason.
Statistics, Cause and effect, examples,
quotes from experts
Lastly…
Address readers' concerns,
counterclaims, biases, and
expectations.
What might the opposition say, and
how do you plan to counter attack?
Task: Draw this triangle and next to each term,
discuss how your group’s chosen speech meets each
of these areas of persuasion. Turn in one triangle
per group- 5pts.
Restatement- Restatement-Rephrasing an
idea in different words, in order to more
fully explicate the concept, and magnify its
importance to listeners.
Repetition- Repetition-the reuse of the same
words, or nearly identical terms, repeatedly
for emphasis, in order to emphasize their
importance.
“ I have a Dream”-MLK
Parallelism The repeated use of phrases,
clauses, or sentences that are similar in
structure or meaning. Writers use this
technique to emphasize important ideas,
create rhythm, and make their writing more
forceful and direct.
“ I came, I saw, I conquered.”
Rhetorical Question-a statement that is
formulated as a question but that is not
supposed to be answered.
. . . For if we lose the ability to perceive our faults,
what is the good of living on? --Marcus Aurelius
J. Diction-word choice
Notice the change in tone:
“An odor filled the room.”
“A Stink filled the room.”
Diction: What words have a strong
connotation (emotion)?
“our remonstrances have produced
additional violence and insult; our
supplications have been disregarded; and
we have been spurned, with contempt, from
the foot of the throne.”
What words have a strong
connotation (emotion)?
“our remonstrances have produced
additional violence and insult; our
supplications have been disregarded; and
we have been spurned, with contempt, from
the foot of the throne.”
Revise and Rehearse
Choose a speech
Revise if necessary
Create a rhetorical triangle
Rehearse and critique