UNIT 13
Foods that Make
You Happy
UNIT 13 Foods that Make You Happy
THINK ABOUT IT
Discuss with a partner.
1. Do you eat healthy foods?
2. Does chocolate actually make people feel
happy?
3. Who’s the oldest person you know?
4. What kinds of food should people eat to live
longer?
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Before We Read
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A. Read and Answer
Eat Fish, Be Healthy
Oily fish, like salmon or sardines, are rich in omega-3
fatty acids. One study in Finland shows that people who
eat more fish are less likely to have depression. These
fish oils are good for your heart and brain as well.
Scientists Say . . .
• Eating oily fish can help you avoid heart problems.
• Vitamin D in oily fish builds teeth and bones.
• Omega-3 fatty acids may improve your learning skills.
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Write the words in the box in the appropriate space.
fatty
likely
depression
Word in Bold
as well
vitamin
improve
Definition
depression
1. ______________________
not feeling happy
as well
2. ______________________
too; also
3. ______________________
improve
to make something better
4. ______________________
fatty
oily; having a lot of oil
5. ______________________
likely
will probably happen or is probably true
6. ______________________
vitamin
a substance that is good for your health
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B. Complete the Sentences
Use the words in the box to fill in the blanks. Change the form
of the words if necessary.
fatty
likely
depression
as well
vitamin
improve
likely
1. I don’t think it’s _______________
to rain. It’s a sunny day.
2. If you have _______________,
try to think about happy things.
depression
3. James doesn’t eat fried chicken because he thinks it’s too
fatty
_______________.
4. When she moved to America, her English _______________.
improved
5. Don likes to play basketball. Chris does _______________.
as well
6. Nick is too weak and thin. He never takes any _______________.
vitamins
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C. Predict the Main Idea
Read the title and the first and last sentence of the text on page 112
of the Student’s Book. What is the reading about?
Title: Eat Well, Eat Smart
The first sentence:
Everyone knows that delicious food makes people happy, but science
shows that some foods make you happier than others.
The last sentence:
Eat these foods every day and you’ll be both happy and healthy.

How foods influence us
Some foods taste better
Trying to eat more food
Being smart in school
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Vocabulary Preview
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A. Antonyms
Match the word with its antonym.
oily 
smart 
positive 
calm 
 nervous
 depressed
 low-fat
 able
happy 
 foolish
unable 
 negative
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B. Use the Adjectives Right
Fill in the blanks with the adjectives in the box.
nervous
depressed
positive
low-fat
calm
unable
depressed
1. Whenever it is raining, Janet feels _______________.
2. I usually eat _______________
foods. I know they’re good for my health.
low-fat
3. Don’t give up. You need to be more _______________.
positive
4. Aren’t you worried about the test? You look very _______________.
calm
unable
5. Sorry, but I’m _______________
to speak Chinese. Could you please
speak English?
6. Everyone feels _______________
when they have to give a speech.
nervous
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C. Words in Context
Circle the answer.
1. The news has a bad effect on me. It influences / helps me.
2. Crime often happens in the area. There are a lot of friendly / bad
people there.
3. Dylan was put in prison because he did something right / wrong.
4. There is too much violence on TV. People always hit / kiss each other.
5. I wanted to eat some whole grains. Therefore, I bought
whole wheat bread / tomatoes.
6. The weather changes Tara’s mood. It makes her look / feel different.
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D. Word Usage
Fill in the blanks with these words: also, too, as well, either.
Some blanks have more than one answer.
Tip Too and also are both used to agree. Too is often placed at the
end of a sentence. Either is used to end negative sentences.
1. Pam likes to shop. Her sister _______________
likes to shop.
also
2. Barry doesn’t like seafood and I don’t _______________.
either
3. Pedro has been to Mexico. I have _______________.
too / as well
4. Please give me a hamburger and fries. I want some ice cream ____________.
too / as well
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Now Let’s Read
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Eat Well, Eat Smart
Everyone knows that delicious food makes people happy, but
science shows that some foods make you happier than others. For
example, foods with omega-3 fatty acids, like fish and beans, can
help you think faster. Knowing the answers and doing well on tests
makes us all feel good.
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Now Let’s Read
Studies tell us that eating more omega-3 foods has other positive
effects. It helps to stop heart problems, depression, and even crime!
When scientists gave vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids to people in
a British prison, violence dropped 37 percent.
UNIT 13 Foods that Make You Happy
Whole grains can also make you happier because they help
your brain make serotonin, which keeps you calm. Scientists say
that people with low levels of serotonin feel angry and fight more
often. Whole grains are foods like brown rice and whole wheat bread.
UNIT 13 Foods that Make You Happy
Eating chocolate and drinking coffee can improve your mood as
well, but that’s no surprise. They both cause the brain to give off
endorphins — the body’s natural medicine. Be careful about drinking
too much coffee though. This can make you nervous and unable to sleep.
The food you eat can change the way you feel. Eat these foods every
day and you’ll be both happy and healthy.
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After We Read
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A. True, False, or Unknown
Check T if the sentence is true, F if false, or U if unknown.
1. T
F
U
Foods such as fish and beans are good for your brain.
2. T
F
U
Studies tell us that omega-3 foods cause more heart problems.
3. T
F
U
Whole grains help you feel better.
4. T
F
U
Whole grains are foods like chocolate and coffee.
5. T
F
U
Omega-3 foods also have endorphins.
6. T
F
U
Eating chocolate can make you happy.
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B. Identify Supporting Details
Match the supporting details with the paragraph.
Write the letters in the appropriate space.
Paragraph 1 ___________
b
Paragraph 2 ___________
c, f, g
Paragraph 3 ___________
d, e, i
Paragraph 4 ___________
a, h
a. You won’t be able to sleep if you drink too much coffee.
b. Fish and beans help you think faster and therefore feel happy.
c. Scientists gave omega-3 foods to people in a British prison.
d. People with high levels of serotonin usually don’t feel angry.
e. People who eat whole grain foods seldom fight.
f. Eating omega-3 foods helps us stop depression and crime.
g. Omega-3 fatty acids give us a strong heart.
h. Chocolate and coffee help you get endorphins.
i. Rice and bread are two kinds of whole grains.
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C. Multiple Choice
Circle the answer.
1. Which of the following sentences is correct?
a. Any food can make us happier.
b. Fish and beans make us sleepy.
c. Foods influence us differently.
d. Taking tests makes us feel good.
2. Getting more omega-3 foods helps with all of these problems BUT . . .
a. sadness.
b. robbery.
c. health.
d. money.
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3. Why do whole grains make us happier?
a. Because we feel a lot more relaxed
b. Because nobody ever fights with us
c. Because we never meet angry people
d. Because we love to eat brown rice
4. We need to avoid having too . . .
a. many whole grains.
b. much coffee.
c. much brown rice.
d. much fish.
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Reading Strategy
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Understanding Cause and Effect
We studied cause and effect in Unit Five. Write as many clue
words as you can remember in the chart.
Cause
Effect
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Give It a Try
PART I
Match the cause with its effect. Write the letters (a to d) in
the appropriate space.
Cause
1. Our brain must have omega-3 fatty acids to work well. ________
d
2. People in a prison in Britain had vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids. ________
a
c
3. Whole grains help you make a special chemical to feel calm. ________
4. Drink many cups of coffee every day. ________
b
Effect
a. Violence dropped 37 percent.
b. You’ll start to get nervous and have trouble sleeping.
c. Whole grains can make you feel less nervous.
d. Getting foods with omega-3 fatty acids will make us smart.
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PART II
Read the topic and write down the possible causes and effects.
One example is given.
Topic: The Earth is Getting Warmer
Cause
1. ______________________________
There is too much pollution.
Effect
People can’t breathe and have health problems.
1. ____________________________________________
Combine the two parts with because.
People can’t breathe and have health problems because
1. _____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
there is too much pollution.
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PART II
Topic: The Earth is Getting Warmer
Cause
Effect
We have cut down too many trees.
2. ______________________________
There is more carbon dioxide (CO2).
2. ______________________________
3. ______________________________
The sea level is rising.
3. ______________________________
Many small islands are disappearing.
Combine the two parts with so and therefore.
We have cut down too many trees, so there is more carbon dioxide (CO2).
2. ________________________________________________________________
The sea level is rising; therefore, many small islands are disappearing.
3. ________________________________________________________________
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Further Reading
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Okinawa: The Secret to Long Life
Over the past 100 years, life expectancy has increased by 30
years. Today, people in 61 countries live more than 75 years. Okinawa,
a group of Japanese islands north of Taiwan, leads the way. Okinawan
women live to be 86 years. Men, on the other hand, live until 78.
UNIT 13 Foods that Make You Happy
So, what’s their secret to long life? First, people in Okinawa eat
healthy foods. They don’t eat fatty hamburgers or fries; they prefer
vegetables and soy foods. Studies show that Okinawans get seven
servings of fruit and vegetables every day and sometimes even
more! They don’t often have red meat or dairy products, such as
milk or cheese. And they eat three or fewer sweet foods a day.
UNIT 13 Foods that Make You Happy
Experts say the custom of hara hachi bu, which means “only eat
until you’re 80 percent full,” is also important. Eating too much can really
hurt our bodies. In the West, or Taiwan, all-you-can-eat restaurants are
popular. But there aren’t many of these places in Okinawa. People there
seldom eat more than they need.
Okinawa has a population of one million and there are 900 people
over the age of 100. That’s four times better than the Western rate. Do you
want to live to be 100? If the answer is yes, take a look at these islands.
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Comprehension Check
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A. Multiple Choice
Circle the answer.
1. What’s the main idea of this story?
a. Okinawa is close to Taiwan.
b. People in Okinawa live longer.
c. Don’t eat too many dairy products
d. Only eat until you’re 80 percent full.
2. What does life expectancy mean in the first paragraph?
a. How long people live
b. Living over 86 years old
c. Life on a small island
d. That women live longer
UNIT 13 Foods that Make You Happy
B. Okinawa Food Pyramid
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English Follow-Up
UNIT 13 Foods that Make You Happy
Comparatives
Tip When we want to emphasize an amount or size,
we often use a comparative.
Look at the chart. Work with a partner to make comparatives.
Country
Life Expectancy for Woman
Life Expectancy for Men
Iceland
83.3
80.2
Australia
84.4
77.7
Vietnam
76.6
72.2
Liberia
40.4
39.7
Zambia
40.4
40.1
Swaziland
39.8
39.4
For Example: Women in Liberia live as long as women in Zambia.