Prokaryotes and
Eukaryotes (pg.21/23)
MUST WRITE EVERYTHING ON SLIDES! NO COMPLAINING
PLEASE. JUST DO IT 
What is a the basic definition of a
prokaryotic cell?
 Small,
 single-celled,
 organism that has
no nucleus and no
other specialized
organelles
What is the meaning of “pro-” and
“karyo-”?
 Pro- means before
 Karyo- means nucleus of a cell
 So prokaryote=before the nucleus (no
nucleus)
What specialized structures are present in
prokaryotic cells?
 Cell wall
 Cell membrane
 Cytoplasm
 Ribosomes
 Genetic material
 Flagella or cilia
What are examples of prokaryotic cells?
 Eubacteria
 Archaebacteria
How do prokaryotic cells reproduce?
 Binary fission.
 The two cells are
genetically identical.
What are some ways that prokaryotic
cells obtain energy?
 Photosynthesis (light)
 Chemosynthesis (inorganic compounds)
 Digesting other organisms.
REVIEW of Prokaryotes – What are
they?
 Single-celled organisms with no nucleus
 Have no specialized organelles
 Usually have: cell wall, cell membrane, ribosomes, genetic
material, cytoplasm, and flagella or cilia
 Examples: eubacteria and archaebacteria
 Reproduce through binary fission
 Get energy through photosynthesis, chemosynthesis,
(inorganic chemicals) or digesting other organisms
What is the basic definition of a
eukaryotic cell?
 Has a nucleus and other membrane-
bound organelles
What is the meaning of “eu-” and “karyo”?
 Eu- means good, well, or true
 Karyo- means nucleus of a cell
 So a eukaryote has a true nucleus
What specialized structures are present in
eukaryotic cells?
 ALWAYS have a membrane-bound nucleus
 Other membrane-bound organelles such as:
 Chloroplasts
 Golgi apparatus/Golgi body
 Lysosomes
 Mitochondrion
 Plastids
 Rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
 Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
 Vacuoles
 Vesicles
What are examples of eukaryotic cells?
 Plants
 Animals
 Fungi
 Protists
How do eukaryotic cells reproduce?
 Mitosis (genetically identical) or Meiosis
(genetically unique)
How do eukaryotic cells obtain energy?
 Photosynthesis
 Digesting organic compounds.
Review of Eukaryotes – What are
they?
 Cells with a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles
that perform special functions
 Always have a nucleus
 May also have: chloroplasts, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes,
mitochondrion, plastids, rough endoplasmic reticulum,
smooth endoplasmic reticulum, vacuoles, and vesicles
 Examples: fungi, protists, plant and animal cells
 Reproduce by mitosis or meiosis
 Get energy through photosynthesis or by digesting other
organisms.
Prokaryote or Eukaryote?
Prokaryote or Eukaryote?
Prokaryote or Eukaryote?
Prokaryote or Eukaryote?
Prokaryote or Eukaryote?
Prokaryote or Eukaryote?
Prokaryote or Eukaryote?
Prokaryote or Eukaryote?