Lindsey
Psychology Unit 1 Study Guide:
Be able to define and apply the following terms
Applied Science
Introspection
Chapter 1 Terms
Basic Science
Cognitive
Physiological
Psychiatry
Case study
Correlation
Dependent variable
Frequency distribution
Inferential statistics
Median
Normal curve
Sample
Statistics
Variable
Chapter 20 Terms
Central tendency
Correlation coefficient
Descriptive statistics
Histogram
Longitude studies
Mode
Population
Self-fulfilling prophesy
Survey
Variance
Hypothesis
Psychology
Control group
Cross-sectional studies
Experimental group
Independent variable
Mean
Naturalistic observation
Range
Standard deviation
Validity
Chapter 2 Terms
Aversive control
Avoidance conditioning
Behavior modification
Classical conditioning
Conditioned response (CR)
Conditioned stimulus (CS)
Discrimination
Escape conditioning
Extinction
Feedback
Fixed-interval schedule
Fixed-ratio schedule
Generalization
Learning
Negative reinforcement
Neutral stimulus
Operant conditioning
Primary reinforcers
Reinforcement
Response chains
Secondary reinforcer
Shaping
Token economy
Transfer
Unconditioned response (UCR)
Unconditioned stimulus (UCS)
Variable-interval schedule
Variable-ratio schedule
Chapter 1
Why study psychology?
As humans, psychology covers what?
2 ways psychologists believe behavior should be studied
What is the scientific method?
What are the 4 goals of psychology?
What is the difference between basic and applied science?
Describe what the 1) following individuals have done to impact psychology and if so, 2)
what discipline they are associated with:
Copernicus:
Galileo:
Descartes:
Wundt:
James:
Freud:
Galton:
Pavlov:
Skinner:
What is dream analysis?
What is the…
ID:
EGO:
SUPEREGO
Based on a scenario, be able to assess the scenario by summarizing the scenario and
choosing an approach to draft an explanation of the person’s behavior. Use psychoanalytic,
behaviorist, humanist, cognitive, or biological. Study the case study on worksheet “Causes of
Behavior: A Case Study” or the scenario from the quiz.
For each of the descriptions of the work of psychologists listed below, identify the specialty
it describes
1. Studies the causes of manic depression
2. Studies the effect of light and dark environments on the visual abilities of kittens.
3. Conducts research on when a child can most effectively learn a second language
4. Studies the emotional changes that occur as a child matures
5. Conducts research on the effect of prejudice on newly-arrived immigrants
6. Designs a more efficient work space for a small company
7. Treats individual who is depressed
8. Presents a program at the local hospital for expectant parents
9. Counsels a couple considering divorce
10. Tests children for learning disabilities
Chapter 20
What are the 5 APA code of ethics?
1.
3.
2.
4.
5.
How do psychologists collect information about the topic they’ve chosen to study?
A theory cannot be accepted until it has been what?
A psychologists wants to know how the desire to get into college affects the attitudes of
high-school juniors and seniors. What would the psychologists do?
What must samples represent?
If I wanted to know how tall American men are, what professional group would I make
certain not to have a disproportionately large number of representatives?
How can a psychologist avoid a biased sample?
What would be the correlation between test scores and studying?
Why would a researcher choose experimentation over other research methods?
What is the difference based on the experiment involving a control group and experimental
group regarding variables?
Be able analyze scenarios and identify the independent and dependent variable
(Experimental method worksheet)
What is necessary in all experiments?
What would happen with one?
Be able to analyze a scenario (Thinking Drunk, Driving Drunk) and classify certain groups
and variables
What are examples of naturalistic observation?
What is the cardinal rule of naturalistic observation?
What is the value of a case study?
What is a single-blind experiment?
What is a double-blind experiment?
Chapter 2
Define superstition
Give examples of superstitions
What is conditioning?
What are the 3 basic types of learning?
Describe Ivan Pavlov’s experiment with dogs and salivation, the Office with Jim and Dwight.
Indicate the UCS, UCR, NS, CS, CR in each.
Pavlov
UCS
UCR
NS
CS
CR
The Office
UCS
UCR
NS
CS
CR
Be able to indicate the UCS, UCR, NS, CS, CR in situations (refer to Classical Conditioning
worksheet)
Describe what happened to “Little Baby Albert”
What is the difference between classical conditioning and operant conditioning?
Be able to analyze situations and indicate the spontaneous behavior (sb), stimulus (s),
response (r), consequences (c) (refer to Operant Conditioning worksheet)
Give an example of each:
Fixed-ratio schedule:
Variable-ratio schedule:
Fixed-interval schedule:
Variable-interval schedule:
What is the difference between punishment and negative reinforcement?
Give an example of modeling:
Give an example of shaping:
Give an example of observation learning
Give an example of disinhibition
Lindsey
Psychology Unit 1 Study Guide: (KEY)
Be able to define and apply the following terms
Applied Science
Introspection
Chapter 1 Terms
Basic Science
Cognitive
Physiological
Psychiatry
Case study
Correlation
Dependent variable
Frequency distribution
Inferential statistics
Median
Normal curve
Sample
Statistics
Variable
Chapter 20 Terms
Central tendency
Control group
Correlation coefficient
Cross-sectional studies
Descriptive statistics
Experimental group
Histogram
Independent variable
Longitude studies
Mean
Mode
Naturalistic observation
Population
Range
Self-fulfilling prophesy Standard deviation
Survey
Validity
Variance
Hypothesis
Psychology
Chapter 2 Terms
Aversive control
Avoidance conditioning
Behavior modification
Classical conditioning
Conditioned response (CR)
Conditioned stimulus (CS)
Discrimination
Escape conditioning
Extinction
Feedback
Fixed-interval schedule
Fixed-ratio schedule
Generalization
Learning
Negative reinforcement
Neutral stimulus
Operant conditioning
Primary reinforcers
Reinforcement
Response chains
Secondary reinforcer
Shaping
Token economy
Transfer
Unconditioned response (UCR)
Unconditioned stimulus (UCS)
Variable-interval schedule
Variable-ratio schedule
Chapter 1
Why study psychology?
-Insight and Practical Information
As humans, psychology covers what?
-Everything that people think, feel, and do
2 ways psychologists believe behavior should be studied
-See, observe, or measure
-Fantasies, thoughts, and feelings
What is the scientific method?
What are the 4 goals of psychology?
-Description, explanation, prediction, control
What is the difference between basic and applied science?
Describe what the 1) following individuals have done to impact psychology and if so, 2)
what discipline they are associated with:
Copernicus:
Galileo:
Descartes:
Wundt:
James:
Freud:
Galton:
Pavlov:
Skinner:
What is dream analysis?
What is the…
ID:
EGO:
SUPEREGO
Based on a scenario, be able to assess the scenario by summarizing the scenario and
choosing an approach to draft an explanation of the person’s behavior. Use psychoanalytic,
behaviorist, humanist, cognitive, or biological. Study the case study on worksheet “Causes of
Behavior: A Case Study” or the scenario from the quiz.
For each of the descriptions of the work of psychologists listed below, identify the specialty
it describes
1. Studies the causes of manic depression
2. Studies the effect of light and dark environments on the visual abilities of kittens.
3. Conducts research on when a child can most effectively learn a second language
4. Studies the emotional changes that occur as a child matures
5. Conducts research on the effect of prejudice on newly-arrived immigrants
6. Designs a more efficient work space for a small company
7. Treats individual who is depressed
8. Presents a program at the local hospital for expectant parents
9. Counsels a couple considering divorce
10. Tests children for learning disabilities
Chapter 20
What are the 5 APA code of ethics?
1.
3.
2.
4.
5.
How do psychologists collect information about the topic they’ve chosen to study?
A theory cannot be accepted until it has been what?
-Repeatedly tested
A psychologists wants to know how the desire to get into college affects the attitudes of
high-school juniors and seniors. What would the psychologists do?
What must samples represent?
-The population a researcher is studying
If I wanted to know how tall American men are, what professional group would I make
certain not to have a disproportionately large number of representatives?
-NBA
How can a psychologist avoid a biased sample?
What would be the correlation between test scores and studying?
Why would a researcher choose experimentation over other research methods?
-Control
What is the difference based on the experiment involving a control group and experimental
group regarding variables?
Be able analyze scenarios and identify the independent and dependent variable
(Experimental method worksheet)
What is necessary in all experiments?
-Control group
What would happen with one?
Be able to analyze a scenario (Thinking Drunk, Driving Drunk) and classify certain groups
and variables
What are examples of naturalistic observation?
What is the cardinal rule of naturalistic observation?
What is the value of a case study?
What is a single-blind experiment?
What is a double-blind experiment?
Chapter 2
Define superstition
Give examples of superstitions
What is conditioning?
What are the 3 basic types of learning?
Describe Ivan Pavlov’s experiment with dogs and salivation, the Office with Jim and Dwight.
Indicate the UCS, UCR, NS, CS, CR in each.
Pavlov
UCS
UCR
NS
CS
CR
The Office
UCS
UCR
NS
CS
CR
Be able to indicate the UCS, UCR, NS, CS, CR in situations (refer to Classical Conditioning
worksheet)
Describe what happened to “Little Baby Albert”
What is the difference between classical conditioning and operant conditioning?
Be able to analyze situations and indicate the spontaneous behavior (sb), stimulus (s),
response (r), consequences (c) (refer to Operant Conditioning worksheet)
Give an example of each:
Fixed-ratio schedule:
Variable-ratio schedule:
Fixed-interval schedule:
Variable-interval schedule:
What is the difference between punishment and negative reinforcement?
Give an example of modeling:
Give an example of shaping:
Give an example of observation learning
Give an example of disinhibition