Psychology: Basic Terms, Concepts, and People
psychology
behavior
cognitive activity
theory
basic/pure research
applied research
introspection
psychiatry v. psychology
psychosis
psyche
psychpsychosurgery
psychotherapy
psychic
Fields of psychology:
Clinical
Counseling
School
Educational
Social
Experimental
Personality
validity in experiments
reliability in experiments
survey
target population
random sample
stratified sample
volunteer bias
experimenter bias
case study (Freud, Sacks)
experimental design
longitudinal study
learning
single-double-blind study
cross-sectional study
laboratory observation
naturalistic observation
correlation
positive correlation
negative correlation
informed consent
conditioning
classical conditioning
operant conditioning
S-R
US, UR
CS, CR
taste aversion
extinction of behavior
generalized response
discrimination in response
flooding
systematic desensitization
shaping behavior
latent learning
observational learning
reinforcement - positive
- negative
- schedules of
punishment
Little Albert – Watson’s work
Pavlov - Pavlov’s dog
Skinner Box
PQ4R study method
flashbulb memory
generic memory
procedural memory
massed practice
distributed practice
relearning
decay of learning
context dependent
memory
7-10 items/chunking &
memory
observation
inference
conclusion
automaticity
intelligence theory v.
7 intelligences
Howard Gardener
William James
Jean Piaget
B. F. Skinner
Abraham Maslow
Sigmund Freud-couch
Maria Montessori
Kenneth Clark
W. Wundt – psych lab
Carl Rogers
childhood
self-actualization
multiple personality
Koko
Dian Fossey
token economy
cognitive therapy
developmental tasks
developmental delay
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language development in children
moral development – Kohlberg
brain development
axon, dendrite, neucleus
synapses
neurotransmitters
frontal cortex
lobotomy
autism
typical v. atypical
schizophrenia
bipolar disorder
heredity v. environment
nature v. nurture
genetic predisposition
Alzheimer’s disease
Dementia
Anorexia
bulimia
depression
adolescence: brain development
addiction
stress
resilience assets
routines, rituals, and celebrations
primary relationships
rites of passage
pathology
chronic disease
neurosurgeon
neurology
neurologist
shock therapy, ECT
MRI, f MRI
PET
links between biology and behavior
cognitive
metacognitive, metacognition
schools of thought in psychology:
biological
cognitive
humanistic
behavioral/ aka learning
psychoanalytic
sociocultural
APA
ethical standards for research
confidentiality in therapy, research
expectations for therapy, therapist
resilience and A. Fisher
hidden issues
Freud’s iceberg theory
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id, ego , superego