TISSUES NOTES
PART 3
List the body organization terms in the correct order.
The correct order of body organization is: atoms – molecules –
cells – tissues – organs – organ systems – organism.
Define the term “tissue”.
A tissue is similar cells with the same function.
Which tissue functions to cover or line organs?
Epithelial tissue functions to cover or line organs.
What is the function of stratified squamous epithelium?
The function of stratified squamos epithelium is protection from
injury.
What are columnar epithelium?
Columnar epithelium are long rectangular cells, packed close
together.
Which type of tissue moves mucus or eggs?
Ciliated epithelium (aka: psuedostratified epithelium) moves
mucus or eggs.
Where is ciliated epithelium located?
Ciliated epithelium is located in the trachea and fallopian tubes
(oviducts)
What is a matrix?
A matrix is an intracellular substance in which tissue is housed
or embedded.
Where is loose connective tissue located?
Loose connective tissue is located in the dermis of the skin and
the subcutaneous layer of the skin.
How are dense connective tissue fibers arranged?
Dense connective tissue fibers are parallel.
Where is dense connective tissue located?
Dense connective tissue is located in tendons and ligaments.
What is an osteocyte?
An osteocyte is a living bone cell.
What are the 3 types of cartilage?
The three types of cartilage are: hyaline – elastic –
fibrocartilage.
Where are the 3 types of cartilage located?
Hyaline: connects ribs to sternum, ends of bones
Elastic: outer ear or vocal cords
Fibrocartilage: between vertebrae and other joints
What is the function of adipose tissue?
The function of adipose tissue is: stored energy – food –
padding – insulation.
Tissue:
How do you
know?
Stratified squamous epithelium
Cells are round on the bottom and begin
to flatten out on top
Location:
skin
Tissue:
Ciliated Epithelium (aka: psuedostratified
epithelium)
How do you know?
Location:
Cells have cilia on them
Trachea & fallopian tubes (oviducts)
Tissue:
Columnar Epithelium
How do you know?
Location:
Cells are shaped like columns
Lining of the digestive tract
Tissue: Loose connective tissue (aka: areolar tissue)
How do you know? Collagen & elastin with water
Location: Dermis of skin – subcutaneous layer
Tissue: Dense connective tissue
How do you know? Parallel collagen fibers
Location: Ligaments and tendons
Tissue: Hyaline cartilage
How do you know? Osteocytes (bone cells) scattered in the
matrix
Location: Connects ribs to sternum – covers ends of bones
Tissue: Adipose tissue (fat)
How do you know? Large cell - vacuole filled with fat droplet
Location: Throughout the body – used for padding,
insulation
III. Nervous Tissue
• made of neurons (nerve cells)
• Function:
• send - receive messages,
communicate
• Location:
• brain, spinal cord, nerves
IV. Muscle Tissue
• Function:
• to contract (get shorter)
• 3 Types of Muscle
Tissue:
1. Smooth Muscle
• involuntary, intestines,
breathing
2. Cardiac Muscle
• involuntary, heart muscle
• contains INTERCALATED DISCS
3. Skeletal Muscle
• attached to bones - striated
(striped), multiple nuclei
•
Tissue Repair
• Regeneration:
• new cells are same type & normal
function is restored
• Fibrosis:
• replacement tissue develops
(scar tissue) - some loss of function
• type of repair depends on:
1. how severe injury is
2. what kind of tissue it is
• Tissues that
Regenerate:
• epithelial tissue
• loose & dense connective tissue
• bone
• Tissues that DON’T
Regenerate:
• skeletal & cardiac muscle
• nervous tissue
• PATHOLOGY
• study of diseases – how they occur
– changes caused by disease
• Cancer
• produced by cell mutation
• cancerous cells:
• reproduce quickly
• take away function of tissues
• can METASTASIZE (spread) to entire
body
• can produce tumors:
• BENIGN - harmless
• MALIGNANT – harmful, spreading