Biology: Study for quiz!
Today 12/4/2013
Fermentation Quiz!
Analyze (Define) Photosynthesis Terms
Introduce Photosynthesis
VOCAB QUIZ MONDAY DEC 9
After you turn in quiz, please work on
defining terms..
Read the text for the definitions rather than
the glossary! Some terms are NOT bold!
Draw a picture to help you remember the
word and definition!
*on back of your notes
People didn’t know how
photosynthesis worked until about
the 1900’s. What are some
possible ideas they may have had
for how plants gained energy?
(did they eat when no one was
looking? Did they not need
energy?.....)
II. Early Experiments
A. van Helmont- found that plant mass
must be obtained through water and CO2
because the soil mass wasn’t changing
* tested plants to see if they were gaining
their mass from the soil
*Measured mass of soil at beginning and
end of growth period-no change
*Water and CO2 are the only things plants
are taking in, must be responsible for
change!
VIDEO!!!
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pdgkuT12e14
B. Joseph Priestley discovered that plants
release a substance that keeps a candle
burning—oxygen
C. Jan Ingenhousz discovered that plants
only produced oxygen in the presence of
light
D. Concluded that with light, plants convert
CO2 and water to glucose and oxygen
Homework: Finish Vocab
Vocab Quiz Monday Dec 9!
Biology: Get out Vocab for HW Check
Today 12/5/13
Describe Photosynthesis
Summarize Light dependent and Light
Independent Reactions
Vocab Quiz Monday Dec 9
III. Photosynthesis
A. 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen
PHOTOSYNTHESIS SONG! !
B. Plants gather the sun’s energy with light
absorbing molecules called pigments
1. Chlorophyll a and b are plants main
pigments-reflect green light
a. absorb red and blue wavelengths
b. absorb light=absorb energy
C. Inside chloroplasts there are stacks of
thylakoids which contain chlorophyll (pigments)
and proteins
1. Thylakoids arranged in stacks called
grana
2. stroma is the area outside the thylakoid
Chloroplast
Single
thylakoid
Grana
LABEL YOUR
CHLOROPLAST!!
stroma
Light Energy (from sun)
Chloroplast
CO2 & H2O
Sugars & O2
– When plants grow, most of their added mass
(start small and end up big) is made up of
what?
a)
b)
c)
d)
soil and carbon dioxide.
water and carbon dioxide.
oxygen and carbon dioxide.
soil and oxygen.
2. The raw materials required for plants to carry
out photosynthesis are
a)
b)
c)
d)
carbon dioxide and oxygen.
oxygen and sugars.
carbon dioxide and water.
oxygen and water.
3. The principal pigment in plants is
a)
b)
c)
d)
chloroplast.
chlorophyll.
carotene.
carbohydrate.
4. The colors of light that are absorbed by
chlorophylls are
a)
b)
c)
d)
green and yellow.
green, blue, and violet.
blue, violet, and red.
red and yellow.
5. The 2 main products of photosynthesis
produced by plants are:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Carbon dioxide and water
Glucose and water
Light and oxygen
Glucose and oxygen
– In van Helmont's experiment, most of the
added mass of the tree came from
a)
b)
c)
d)
soil and carbon dioxide.
water and carbon dioxide.
oxygen and carbon dioxide.
soil and oxygen.
2. The raw materials required for plants to carry
out photosynthesis are
a)
b)
c)
d)
carbon dioxide and oxygen.
oxygen and sugars.
carbon dioxide and water.
oxygen and water.
3. The principal pigment in plants is
a)
b)
c)
d)
chloroplast.
chlorophyll.
carotene.
carbohydrate.
4. The colors of light that are absorbed by
chlorophylls are
a)
b)
c)
d)
green and yellow.
green, blue, and violet.
blue, violet, and red.
red and yellow.
5. The 2 main products of photosynthesis
produced by plants are:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Carbon dioxide and water
Glucose and water
Light and oxygen
Glucose and oxygen
Light Energy (from sun)
Chloroplast
CO2 & H2O
Sugars & O2
D. NADPH- energy carrier(nicotinamide adenine
dinucleotide phosphate)
1. Sunlight reaches the chlorophyll, causing electrons to
gain energy *excited electrons
2. NADP+ carries 2 high energy electrons and one H+,
becomes NADPH
NADP+ + 2 e- = NADPH
*Like using a special pan to carry hot coals!
IV. Light Dependent Reactions (happen in thylakoid)
1. Water is broken up into O, H+, and electrons-oxygen
is released
2. Chlorophyll absorbs sunlight (energy)-makes
electrons “energetic” ,they move down the electron
transport chain
A. Inside of thylakoid is positively charged because of all the
H+, these move through the ATP synthase and reattach P
to ADP to form ATP.
B. B. ADP is converted to ATP, NADP+ is converted to
NADPH
Light dependent Reactions: *Charge up the batteries!
In
Out
H2O
O2
ADP
ATP
NADP+
NADPH
*happens in thylakoid, because it needs chlorophyll
*Now chloroplast has highly charged molecules ATP and
NADPH to help make sugar!
H2O
CO2
NADP+
ADP + P
Lightdependent
reactions
O2
Calvin
cycle
Sugars
Summarize what happens during the Light
Dependent Reactions!
V. Light Independent reactions- Calvin Cycle
A. Takes place in stroma-because it doesn’t need the
pigments
B. Uses the energy stored in ATP and NADPH to make
high-energy sugars!
C. End result of Calvin Cycle:
In
Out
ATP
ADP
NADPH
NADP+
CO2
glucose
D. Uses 6 Carbon Dioxide molecules to make one glucose
molecule (C6H12O6)
Summarize what occurs in the Calvin Cycle
or Light Independent Reaction
Bio: Vocab Quiz Moved to Tues! :)
Please grab bellringer from front of room and
start working on it… Try it without your notes!
See what you remember!
Today: 12/9/13
Bellringer: Label Chloroplast
Explain what happens during photosynthesis
Explain why leaves change color
Photosynthesis quiz end of this week!
Label the stages of Photosynthesis.
Label the inputs and outputs!
H2O
CO2
NADP+
ADP + P
Lightdependent
reactions
O2
Calvin
cycle
Sugars
VI. Factors Affecting Photosynthesis
A. Water loss can slow or even stop photosynthesis.
1. Stomata are openings on the outside of leaves that allow
for CO2 to enter and O2 to leave, usually closed so less
water lost
B. Temperature must be between 0°C and 35°C.
C. If you increase light intensity, you will increase the rate of
photosynthesis.
Read Article: Why Leaves Change Color
1. Analyze while reading:
-Put a star next to something interesting
-Circle a word you do not understand
-Put a heart next to something that reminds
you of something
-Put a ? next to something that makes you
ask a question.
2. Answer questions in complete sentences!!
Cite Paragraph where you find your answers!
Be ready to discuss!!!
--If you finish early, work on finals study guide
or study for vocab quiz!!
Biology: STUDY FOR QUIZ!
Today 12/10/13
Add to study guide!!
Vocab Quiz
Discuss Reading Analysis
Interpret Graphs !
Continue working on final study guide!
Photosynthesis Quiz Friday!! Study notes!
You will get a review tomorrow or thursday!
Dec 11, 2013
Biology: Pick up a lab papers off
stool in front!
Read the entire thing. You do not
have to start doing the pre-lab
questions right now.
*You will do them during the lab
* You will be having a lab quiz
before we start the lab… so
read!!!
LAB QUIZ—You can use your lab to answer!
1.What pigment shows a red color?
2.How are you going to get the plant to stain
on the paper?
3.What type of solution are you going to place
your filter paper in (in the beaker)
4.How long do you have to wait for your
pigments to separate?
5.What is the process called when you use a
solvent to separate out plant pigments?
(you are doing this today, starts with a C)
Objective for Today:
Analyze paper chromatography and
identify the different pigments found in
plants.
Photosynthesis begins when light is absorbed by
pigments in the plant cell. One technique for separating
and identifying these pigments is paper chromatography.
In paper chromatography, solvent moves up the paper
carrying with it dissolved substances-in this case plant
pigments. The pigments are carried along at different
rates because they are not equally soluble in the solvent
and are attracted in different degrees into the paper.
Many green leaves contain pigment colors that are
not seen until autumn because they are hidden by the
chlorophyll. A few plants have leaves that are red,
orange, or yellow all year long.
Color Observed
4
3
2
1
Base Line Pencil
Probable Pigment
-------------------carotenes – yellow/orange
Xanthopyll- yellow
Light green – chlorophyll b
Bright green – chlorophyll a
When you are
finished with the
lab, please clean
up according to
sheet at table.
Finish answering
the questions with
your partner.
Write down three things you learned from the
lab on Wednesday. Turn them in when you
are done. Use complete sentences!
• Assignment: Fill out Light/Dark Reactions
handout.
•
•
•
•
•
•
Review
What is inside the thylakoids?
Why are chloroplasts green?
Which reaction happens first?
Which reaction happens in the stroma?
Which reaction has oxygen as a product?
Which reaction uses up ATP and NADPH
to make sugar?
1
ADP
4
3
2
NADPH
• What are the products of the Calvin cycle?
• Why do light dependent reactions happen in the thylakoid?
• What are the reactants for light dependent reaction?
• What is one example of an autotroph?
Bingo!
Priestly
red and blue
Carbon dioxide
Chlorophyll
Van Helmont
Photosynthesis
Glucose
Chemical energy
Oak tree
Stroma
green
ATP
ADP
heterotroph
autotroph
sunlight
phosphate
90
eagle
Thylakoid
Review quiz!
1. What is NADP+ used for?
2. When water is split during the light
dependant reaction NADP+ picks up?
3. What happens first in photosynthesisPhotosystem I or photosystem II?
4. Where do the light dependant reactions
take place?
5. At the end of the light dependant
reactions, what has been made?
6. Where does the Calvin Cycle take place?
7. What are the products of the Calvin cycle?
Which of the following is NOT an example of
a heterotroph?
• a.mushroom
• b.leopard
• c.grass
• d.human
Energy is released from ATP when
• a.a phosphate group is added
• b.adenine bonds to ribose.
• c.ATP is exposed to sunlight.
• d.a phosphate group is removed (bond is
broken)
Ingenhousz showed that plants produce
oxygen bubbles when exposed to
• a.ATP.
• b.carbon dioxide.
• c.light.
• d.a burning candle.
Most plants appear green because
chlorophyll
• a.reflects green light
• b.reflects violet light.
• c.absorbs green light.
• d.none of these
The stroma is the space that surrounds
• a.thylakoids.
• b.chloroplasts.
• c.plant cells.
• d.all of these
The light dependant reactions take place in
the
• a.stroma.
• b.photosystems.
• c.thylakoid membranes.
• d.chlorophyll molecules.
•
•
Which is an autotroph?
What makes it an autotroph and not a
heterotroph?
3. What is this molecules main role in the
cell?
4. Where is the energy stored in the ATP
molecule?
5. What is the green region of this ATP
molecule?
6. What is this whole structure a picture of?
7. What is line A pointing to?
8. What happens inside the structure line A
is pointing to?
9. What happens in the area that line B is
pointing to?
A
B
16. Jan van Helmont concluded that plants
gain most of their mass from
• a.water and carbon dioxide
• b.the soil.
• c. carbon monoxide
• d. oxygen in the air.
How does the Calvin cycle differ from the
light-dependent reactions?
• a.It takes place in the stroma.
• b.It takes place in chloroplasts.
• c.It requires light.
• d.It takes place in the thylakoid.
10. What is the large green structure in the middle
supposed to represent?
11. What does the purple circle represent?
12. What is sent back over to the light dependant
reactions from the Calvin Cycle?
13. If you continue to increase the intensity
of light that a plant receives, what
happens?
• a.The rate of photosynthesis increases
with light intensity.
• b.The rate of photosynthesis decreases
with light intensity.
• c.The rate of photosynthesis increases
and then levels off.
• d.The rate of photosynthesis does not
change.
14. Which of the following is inside the
thylakoid membrane?
• a.electron transport chain
• b.photosystem
• c.ATP synthase
• d.all of these
15. What are the products of the lightdependent reactions?
• a.oxygen gas
• b.ATP
• c.NADPH
• d.all of these
17. Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert
water and carbon dioxide into
• a.oxygen.
• b.high-energy sugars.
• c.ATP and oxygen.
• d.oxygen and high-energy sugars.
18. Organisms, such as plants, that make
their own food are called
• a.autotrophs
• b.heterotrophs
• c.thylakoids
• d.pigments
DRAW AND FILL OUT THIS CHART!
IN
________
________
________
LDR
OUT
_________
_________
__________
IN
________
________
________
CC
OUT
_________
_________
_________
QUEST TODAY!
GET OUT YOUR
STUDY GUIDE AND STUDY!
GOOD LUCK!
GOOD
LUCK!
When finished, work on vocab and reading!
Review quiz!
Label as LDR or CC
1.______ charges up ADP and NADP+
2. ______ does not use sunlight directly
3.______ takes place in the stroma
4.______ releases oxygen
5.______ makes glucose
6. Where is the energy stored in an ATP
molecule?
7. How do you get energy out of an ATP
molecule?
8. The overall goal of photosynthesis is for
plants to produce _________________
9. If plants can’t take in ____________ gas,
they will not be able to do photosynthesis.
10. Organisms that can make their own food
are called _______________.
Glucose
Water
Plant
Stroma
Red
Temperature
ADP
Rose
LDR
carbon dioxide
chloroplast
grana
pigment
oxygen
ATP
autotroph
CC
sunlight
thylakoid
green
chemical
NADPH
horse
heterotroph
Bell Ringer: Work quietly today and I will grade
your tests! Progress Reports are next week!
Plan today:
• Make up chpt. 8 Test
• Make up work
• chapter 9 guided reading
Tomorrow: Start chapter 9 !
Make sure you to get all make up work in.