Objective: To explore the different
progressive styles of these presidents by
looking at their executive actions
COWBOY IN THE
WHITE HOUSE 1901
WON’T ALIENATE MORE
CONSERVATIVE FACTION IN
PARTY
BOLD USE OF EXECUTIVE
POWER
CONTROL CORPORATIONS
CONSUMER PROTECTION
CONSERVATION OF
NATURAL RESOURCES
ACKNOWLEDGED SOCIAL &
ECOPROBLEMS INSTEAD OF
IGNORING THEM
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COAL STRIKE MAY 1902 – PA
MINERS MORE MONEY & LESS
HOURS – MOLLLY MAGUIRES
OWNER’S REFUSED TO NEGOTIATE, TR THREATENED FED
TAKEOVER & SQUARE DEAL
BY OCTOBER
10% NOT 20% RAISE, 9 HOUR
SHIFT NOT 8 & NO UNION
RECOGNITION BY OWNERS
DEPT OF COMMERCE & LABOR
ESTABLISHED 1903 &
SEPARATED INTO 2 DEPTS 10
YEARS LATER
IMPORTANT ARM OF NEW
DEPT. WAS BUREAU OF
CORPORATIONS – PROBE
BUSINESSES ENGAGED IN
INTERSTATE COMMERCE
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ELKINS RAILROAD ACT 1903:
GIVING & GETTING REBATES
ILLEGAL
NORTHERN SECURITIES CASE
1904: SETS FOUNDATION FOR
EXECUTIVE POWER & FUTURE
ANTI-TRUST SUITS
GENTLEMAN’S AGREEMENT W/
US STEEL 1905: WORK WITH ME
OR ELSE – TR WANTS TO
PRESERVE “GOOD” & ELIMINATE “BAD” TRUSTS
ELECTION 1904 – NO CONTEST –
TR PRESIDENT IN HIS OWN
RIGHT – 1ST TIME SOCIALISTS
RAN A CANDIDATE – E.V. DEBS
HEPBURN ACT 1906: ICC MORE
POWERFUL & ACTIVE; DECISIONS
RARELY OVERTURNED
PURE FOOD & DRUG ACT 1906
MEAT INSPECTION ACT 1906
THE JUNGLE’S IMPACT
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TR MORE AGGRESSIVE
ONCE ELECTION OVER &
DECLARED NO 3RD TERM
ATTEMPTS TO CORNER
MARKET ON COPPER
STOCK FAIL
J.P. MORGAN’S CASH
INFUSION
COLLAPSE OF TN COAL &
IRON STOCK LED TO
MERGER OF US STEEL &
TN COAL
TALK OF NEED FOR
CENTRAL BANK BEGINS –
LEADS TO FEDERAL
RESERVE 1913
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1877 DESERT LANDS ACT –
MUST IRRIGATE
1891 FOREST RESERVE ACTPRES. AUTHORITY TO SET
ASIDE FEDERAL LAND – 46
MILL ACRES
SIERRA CLUB 1892
1902 NEWLANDS ACT –
GROWING FEDERAL
PRESENCE IN MANAGING H2O
– PROFIT FROM LAND SALES
TO IRRIGATION PROJECTS
1908 NATIONAL
CONSERVATION
CONFERENCE
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HANDPICKED BY TR – TAFT
WM. J. BRYAN & E.V. DEBS
SUCCESSOR TO TR’S POLICIES?
THE REAL TRUST BUSTER- 43 ANTI-TRUST
SUITS
STANDARD OIL 1911
U.S. STEEL 1920 (BEGUN 1911) – TN COAL
DECISION FURTHER ALIEN-ATED TAFT
FROM TR
MANN ELKINS ACT 1910 – ICC
LOOPHOLES CLOSED: SUSPEND RATE
INCREASE & ESTAB. COMMERCE COURT
TO SPEED UP R.R. RATE CASES
PAYNE ALDRICH TARIFF 1910 – NO REAL
CHANGE
MID TERM ELECTIONS FORESHADOWED
1912 NATIONAL ELECTION
BALLINGER PINCHOT AFFAIR –
CONSERVATION ISSUES
FOREIGN POLICY – DOLLAR DIPLOMACY
PROMOTE BUS. INTERESTS ABROAD; ECO
TIES IN LIEU OF MILITARY ALLIANCES