MONDAY 12-1-14
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
• WHAT ATOMS ARE, AND
• DIFFERENT PARTS OF AN ATOM
ENTRY TASK:
• START A NEW PAGE IN YOUR JOURNAL AND TITLE IT:
CHAPTER 2 – THE CHEMISTRY OF LIFE
PLAN OF THE DAY
• THE MYSTERY OF THE ICEFISH
• BIOCHEMISTRY NOTES
Icefish
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WpIe8_pUSu4
WHAT IS AN ATOM?
BIOSPHERE
ECOSYSTEM
COMMUNITY
POPULATION
ORGANISM
ORGAN SYSTEMS
ORGANS
TISSUES
CELL
MOLECULE
ATOM
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MATTER: MADE OUT OF ATOMS
Matter made out of the same kind of
atom is known as an ELEMENT
There are 25 elements that are present in
living organisms
The four main ones are: Oxygen,
Nitrogen, Carbon & Hydrogen
Compounds are two or more elements
chemically combined in a fixed ratio
What is an ATOM?
SUBATOMIC
PARTICLE
CHARGE
MASS (in
relation to
other
particles)
LOCATION IN
ATOM
PROTON
NEUTRON
ELECTRON
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Generally, same number of protons as electrons
When the number of Protons changes, the kind of
atom changes
Generally, the same number of protons as neutrons. If
number of neutrons is greater than protons, then the
atom is called an isotope
TUESDAY 12-2-14
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
• WHY THE WATER MOLECULE IS SO IMPORTANT TO LIFE
ENTRY TASK:
• READ PAGES 36-37 (CHEMICAL BONDS) AND ANSWER THE QUESTION
AT THE END OF THE SECTION
Chemical Bonds

Ionic bonds → TRANSFER of electrons

Covalent bonds → SHARING of electrons
PLAN OF THE DAY
• BIOCHEMISTRY NOTES
• CRASH COURSE WATER
• WATER PROPERTIES TABLE
COVALENT BONDS
The structure of water

Why is water such a unique substance?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HVT3Y3_gHGg
Crash course water
WATER MOLECULE
Water structure
Water Properties

COHESION
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ADHESION
Properties of
water
Cohesion
Adhesion
Temperature
Moderation
Density of Ice
Universal Solvent
Meaning
Implications of
Property in Nature
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In your group, read pages 40-41
Fill out the information on the chart for
each of the properties of water
Property
Meaning
Implications of Property in
Nature
Cohesion
Water molecules stick
together due to H bonds
Small animals may walk on
water
Adhesion
Water molecules stick to
other molecules
Capillary action.
Water pulled to top of trees
Temperature
Moderation
Water makes it so
changes in temperature
do not happen quickly
Animals can gradually change
their internal system with
changes in water temperature
Density of Ice
Ice is less dense than
water so it floats
Ice insulates organisms living
beneath
Universal Solvent
Many compounds
dissolve in water
Dissolved compounds can be
brought to cells (via sap or
blood) or move about cell
cytoplasm
WEDNESDAY 12-3-14
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
• MAIN MACROMOLECULES OF LIFE
ENTRY TASK:
• EXAMINE THIS FOOD LABEL. HOW DO YOU KNOW IF IT IS HEALTHY
OR JUNK FOOD?
PLAN OF THE DAY
• FINISH WATER PROPERTIES TABLE
• START MACROMOLECULES SECTION
• HTTPS://WWW.GOOGLE.COM/#Q=CRASH+COURSE+MACROMOLECULES
MACROMOLECULES – CARBOHYDRATES NOTES
• BE READY TO TAKE NOTES IN YOUR JOURNAL WHEN THE VIDEO IS PAUSED
THURSDAY 12-4-14
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
• WHAT IS THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF TWO
MACROMOLECULES – LIPIDS (FATS) AND PROTEINS
ENTRY TASK:
• WHEN YOU HEAR THE WORD PROTEIN, WHAT IS THE FIRST THING
THAT COMES TO MIND?
PLAN OF THE DAY
• FINISH MACROMOLECULES VIDEO AND NOTES ON MACROMOLECULES
• WORK ON HANDOUT 2.3
• HTTPS://WWW.GOOGLE.COM/#Q=CRASH+COURSE+MACROMOLECULES
SECTION 2.3 HANDOUT
• READ THROUGH SECTION 2.3 AND THEN FILL OUT THE
INFORMATION ON HANDOUT 2.3
FRIDAY 12-5-14
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
• WHAT ARE ENZYMES AND HOW DO THEY WORK
ENTRY TASK:
• SUB, NO ET TODAY
PLAN OF THE DAY
• READ AND TAKE NOTES OF SECTION 2.4 – ENZYMES
• ANSWER QUESTIONS 1-3 (A & B) FROM PAGE 53
MONDAY 12-8-14
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
• WHAT ENZYMES ARE AND HOW THEY WORK
ENTRY TASK:
• WHAT TYPE OF MACROMOLECULE IS AN ENZYME?
• WHY ARE ENZYMES IMPORTANT?
PLAN OF THE DAY
• REVIEWING MACROMOLECULES
• ENZYMES - HOW DO THEY WORK
MACROMOLECULES
(molecules of life or
biomolecules)
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What is the main chemical element present
in all macromolecules?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QnQe0xW_JY4
1:50 – 5:10
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ORGANIC COMPOUNDS: Carbon based
INORGANIC COMPOUNDS: Non-carbon
based
Molecules of life
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Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
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Monomer – smallest unit of polymer
Polymer – Long chain of monomers
linked together
 Carbohydrates:
Organic
compound made up of sugar
molecules
Monosaccharides – one sugar unit
 Disaccharides – two sugar units
 Polysaccharides – long chains of
sugar units
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Lipids
 Lipids
– Water-avoiding molecule
(hydrophobic)
 Two types of lipids:
–Fats – Three long fatty acid chains
attached to glycerol molecule
(saturated or unsaturated)
–Steroids – lipid molecule form of four
fused rings (testosterone, estrogen &
cholesterol)
Proteins
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Proteins are made in cells by linking amino
acids together to form polypeptide chains
There are only 20 different amino acids
Proteins are composed of one or more
polypeptide chains
The order of amino acids in polypeptide
chains, and the three-dimensional shape of
a protein molecule determines its function
Protein Shape
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The long Amino acid chain folds to make the
protein useable
A proteins shape is changed by its
surroundings
A protein that is outside of its normal
environment will be denatured (misshapen)
NUCLEIC ACIDS
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Nucleic Acid: A large molecule like DNA
and RNA made up of smaller molecules
called nucleotides.
Nucleotides: Small molecules made up of
a sugar, a nitrogen base, and phosphate
Nucleic acids are what our DNA or genetic
material and RNA are made of
Without nucleic acids our body would not
have directions and could not function.
NUCLEOTIDE (building block of nucleic
acids)
Monomers & Polymers
MONOMERE
CARBOHYDRATE
LIPID
PROTEIN
NUCLEIC ACID
http://www.hudson.edu/custom_users/sheldonc/macromo
lchart.pdf
POLYMERE
Monomers & Polymers
MONOMERE
POLYMERE
MONOSACHARIDE
(glucose-fructose)
POLYSACHARIDE
(starch-glycogen-cellulose)
PROTEIN
AMINOACIDS
POLYPEPTIDE
NUCLEIC ACID
NUCLEOTIDE
DNA & RNA
CARBOHYDRATE
LIPID
http://www.hudson.edu/custom_users/sheldonc/macromo
lchart.pdf
TUESDAY 12-9-14
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
• WHAT ENZYMES ARE AND HOW THEY WORK
ENTRY TASK:
• WHAT TYPE OF MACROMOLECULE SERVES AS ENERGY STORAGE?
PLAN OF THE DAY
• FINISH MONOMERS VS. POLYMERS CHART
• ENZYMES - HOW DO THEY WORK
• AMYLASE DEMO
• NOTES
• GETTING READY FOR MACROMOLECULES LAB TOMORROW
Chemical Reactions
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In a chemical reaction the atoms of the
reactants are rearranged to form the
products of the reaction
REACTANTS
PRODUCTS
ENERGY
ENDOTHERMIC
EXOTHERMIC
Enzymes
An enzyme is a type of protein
 Each enzyme is specific to a kind of
chemical reaction
 Enzymes are able to speed up
chemical reactions in living cells by
lowering the activation energy of the
reaction
 Enzymes are affected by pH and
temperature
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Enzymes
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Salivary amylase demo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6VN9n
S65sFs
Preparation for Lab Tomorrow
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You will be in the same group that you are
now when we move to room 222 tomorrow
Go directly to that room (next door down
the hall)
Get goggles when you get in the room
(cabinet right of the entrance door) and
find your table (they are numbered)
Be ready to listen to directions when the
bell rings
WEDNESDAY 12-10-14
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
• HOW TO DETERMINE THE COMPOSITION OF AN UNKNOWN
SUBSTANCE USING CHEMICAL INDICATORS
ENTRY TASK:
• GET YOUR GOGGLES ON
• GET THE CLEAR CUP BY YOUR STATION HALF FILLED WITH WATER AND
PUT ONE PACKING PEANUT IN IT. STIR UNTIL IT DISSOLVES
COMPLETELY
PLAN OF THE DAY
• SAFETY REVIEW
• MACROMOLECULES LAB
• TURN IN LAB AND ‘THINK FURTHER QUESTIONS’
SAFETY AND CLEANUP
• PLEASE MAKE SURE THAT YOU ARE QUIET DURING LAB AND YOU ARE PAYING
ATTENTION TO THE INSTRUCTIONS TO ENSURE SUCCESSFUL RESULTS!! THANK YOU!!
• REMAIN AT YOUR SEAT UNLESS YOU ARE COLLECTING MATERIAL OR GETTING TEST
TUBES TO AND FROM HOT BATH
• IF I HAVE TO TALK TO YOU ABOUT GETTING BACK TO YOUR SEAT, YOU WILL LOSE
POINTS FOR THE LAB
• ANY HORSE PLAYING DURING LAB IS A SERIOUS VIOLATION OF LAB SAFETY
CONTRACT – AUTOMATIC DISMISSAL FROM LAB AND TOTAL LOST OF POINTS!
• GOGGLES HAVE TO BE WORN AT ALL TIMES DURING LAB
• GROUPS THAT LEAVE NON-CLEANED MATERIALS AFTER LAB WILL LOSE POINTS
• TIDINESS OF YOUR LAB AREA AND MATERIALS WILL GAIN YOU EXTRA CREDIT POINTS.
THINK ABOUT OTHER GROUPS THAT ARE COMING AFTER YOU!!
Organic Compounds Lab
Think a Little Further
Questions
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Why do we have a well and test tube for water and
for the different organic compounds?
How is this type of experiment/test different from
the one we did for the Sprouting Bean Seeds?
Can you think of an application of this type of test
to a crime scene investigation? Create an scenario
and describe how you could get clues to solve the
crime using a test for the presence of an unknown
substance.
THURSDAY 12-11-14
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
• REVIEW FOR TEST TOMORROW
• ENTRY TASK:
• THE PURPOSE OF THE EXPERIMENT YESTERDAY WAS TO DETERMINE
WHAT IS THE PACKING PEANUT MADE OUT OF
• WHAT WAS THE PURPOSE OF HAVING A WELL (AND TEST TUBE) WITH
WATER AND ONE WITH THE KNOWN SUBSTANCE?
PLAN OF THE DAY
• ORGANIC COMPOUNDS LAB WRAP UP
• REVIEW FOR TEST TOMORROW
2.3
FRIDAY 12-12-14
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
• CHECK YOUR KNOWLEDGE ON BIOCHEMISTRY
• ENTRY TASK:
• TAKE YOUR NOTES OUT AND REVIEW FOR 10 MINUTES BEFORE THE
TEST
PLAN OF THE DAY
• CHAPTER 2 TEST
• WHEN FINISHED WITH TEST, QUIETLY GET A BOOK AND:
• READ SECTION 7.1 AND DO NOTES IN YOUR JOURNAL (PAGES 190-192)
• DO QUESTION 1(A, B AND C - PAGE 194)
• DUE MONDAY, DECEMBER 15